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(名师选题)2023年人教版人教版高中英语必修一WelcomeUnit基本知识过关训练
单选题
1、It’s a _______ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of the Covid-19.
A.cheerfulB.classicalC.creativeD.curious
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,建造方舱医院来接收患者是一个有创意的想法。A. cheerful欢快的;B. classical经典的;C. creative有创意的;D. curious好奇的。根据句意及常识可知,建造方舱医院是我们国家的一个有创意的想法。故选C。
2、You see, she’s losing her temper now. Let’s________ her________.
A.leave; aloneB.leave; inC.put; aloneD.put; in
答案:A
考查动词短语辨析。句意:你看,她现在在发脾气。让我们离她远点。A. leave...alone别管……;B. leave...in是错误搭配;C. put...alone把某物单独;D. put...in把……放进。由“she’s losing her temper now”可知,句子表示“她现在在发脾气。让我们离她远点”,也就是不管她,空格处是“别管”,故选A。
3、We will make him our monitor. (分析句子结构)
A.S+V+OB.S+V+DO+IOC.S+V+PD.S+V+O+OC
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:我们将让他当我们的班长。分析句子可知,“We”在句中作主语(S),“will make”作谓语(V),“him”作宾语(O),“our monitor”作宾语补足语(OC),故句子为“S+V+O+OC”结构。故选D项。
4、All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer, ________ to know his secret.
A.curiousB.enviousC.cautiousD.generous
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有在场的学生都急切地询问这位新来的人的情况,想知道他的秘密。A. curious好奇的,渴望知道的;B. envious嫉妒的;C. cautious谨慎的;D. generous慷慨的。根据“All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer,”可知,所有的学生都渴望知道这位新来的人的秘密。故选A。
5、She ordered herself a new dress.
A.SVOAB.SVPC.SVOOD.SVOC
答案:C
考查句子成分。句意:她给自己订了一件新衣服。主语为she,ordered为谓语,herself 为间接宾语,a new dress为直接宾语。为SVOO句型。故选C。
6、One of my classmates kept talking to me during the lesson so that I couldn’t follow the teacher. How _____ it was!
A.anxiousB.excitingC.frighteningD.annoying
答案:D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:上课的时候有一个同学一直和我讲话,以至于我不能好好跟着老师的思路。真烦人!A. anxious焦虑的;B. exciting令人兴奋的;C. frightening令人 害怕的;D. annoying让人生气的。分析句子可知,此处需要使用形容词annoying修饰,表示上课时被打搅很恼人,让人生气。故选D项。
7、The sentence structure(结构)of “Mr. Wu teaches us English.”is________
A.S+V+DO+OCB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+OD.S+V+P
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:吴老师教我们英语。在本句中,Mr. Wu 是主语;teaches是谓语动词;us是间接宾语;English是直接宾语,因此本句属于S+V+IO+DO(主谓宾宾),故选B。
8、In the near future, there ________ self-driving cars in our city.
A.isB.wasC.areD.will be
答案:D
考查一般将来时。句意:在不久的将来,我们的城市将有自动驾驶汽车。根据In the near future可知用there be句型的一般将来时,其构成是there will be,故选D。
9、Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork(团队合作), which improve the relationships in the community(社区). It’s the ________ that he can make on people.
A.passionB.impressionC.impactD.career
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意。普鲁伊特的课程教授团队合作,这可以改善社区的关系。这是他能对人们产生的影响。A. passion热情、激情;B. impression印象;C. impact影响;D. career职业、事业。根据前面的“Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork(团队合作), which improve the relationships in the community(社区).”可知,Pruitt的课程教授团队协作,这可以改善社区的关系,给人们带来影响。make an impact on为固定搭配,表示“对……产生影响”。故选C项。
10、If we travel abroad, we prefer to stay in five-star hotels. That’s because they can ______ guests with the best service.
A.previewB.provideC.preventD.design
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们出国旅游,我们更愿意住5星级酒店。那是因为他们可以为顾客提供最好的服务。A. preview v.预先观看;B. provide v. 提供; C. prevent v. 阻碍D. design v. 设计。根据“guests with the best service”可知,那是因为他们可以为顾客提供最好的服务。这里考查动词短语provide sb with sth表示“为某人提供某物”的意思。故选B。
11、The government will have to ________ the challenge of rising unemployment.
A.rise toB.look forward to
C.make the most ofD.take advantage of
答案:A
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:政府将不得不应对失业率上升的挑战。A. rise to应付……;上升到……;B. look forward to盼望,期望;C. make the most of充分利用;D. take advantage of利用。根据“the challenge of rising unemployment.”可知,政府将必须应对失业率上升的挑战。故选A。
12、You can get a general ________ of our school.
A.impressiveB.impressionC.impressD.impressed
答案:B
考查名词和词性。句意:你可以对我们学校有个大致的印象。A.impressive令人印象深刻的;B.impression印象;C.impress使留下深刻印象;D.impressed印象深刻的。general是形容词,修饰名词,空格处是名词impression,意为“印象”,前面有冠词a,空格处用单数,故选B。
13、The government has announced that public sector pay rises are to be ________at 1% for two years.
A.servedB.cappedC.dedicatedD.flashed
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:政府宣布,公共部门的工资增长将在两年内限制在1%。A. served为……服务;B. capped限额收取(或支出);C. dedicated致力于,献身于;D. flashed闪光,闪亮。根据句意和句中“at 1%” 可推知,工资增长率会被限制,应用动词cap的过去分词形式capped构成不定式的被动形式,意为“被限额”。故选B项。
14、He likes dancing very much.该句子结构为
A.SVB.SVOC.SV IO DOD.SVOC
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:他非常喜欢跳舞。此处主语为he;谓语动词为likes;名词dancing作宾语;very much表示“非常”,修饰动词,作状语。故句子结构为“主谓宾”,缩写为SVO,故选B。
15、Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute ________ in his father.
A.campaignB.cautionC.confidenceD.collection
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助,他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动;B. caution谨慎;C. confidence自信;D. collection收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns to his father for help”可知,汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心,have confidence in sb.表示“对某人有信心”。故选C。
16、My father on me the value of hard work, teaching me to be an honest worker.
A.leftB.entertainedC.whisperedD.impressed
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我父亲让我铭记努力工作的价值,教我做一个诚实的工人。A. left 离开;B. entertained 使娱乐;C. whispered 低声说;D. impressed 使印象深刻。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,此处表示过去事实,故使用一般过去时。impress on sb sth为固定短语,意为“使某人牢记;使某人铭记”,符合句意。故选D项。
17、Emily Dickinson is generally _________ as one of the finest women poets in history.
A.restrictedB.acknowledgedC.designedD.employed
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:Emily Dickinson是公认的历史上最优秀的女诗人之一。A. restricted限制;B. acknowledged承认;C. designed设计;D. employed雇用。结合句意可知,此处指“被公认为是历史上最优秀的女诗人之一”,be acknowledged as被公认为,固定搭配。故选B项。
18、As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness _______failure.
A.turns outB.leads toC.results fromD.concentrates on
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们都知道,成功在于努力,而懒惰导致失败。A. turns out结果是;B. leads to导致;C. results from由于;D. concentrates on集中精力于。根据前后文语境“success lies in hard work while laziness _______failure”可知,懒惰导致失败,应用lead to。故选B。
19、She is ______ that her son won’t listen to any suggestions.
A.annoyingB.annoyedC.anoyedD.annoy
答案:B
考查形容词。句意:她儿子不听任何建议,她很生气。A. annoying令人生气的;B. annoyed感到生气的;C. anoyed拼写错误;D. annoy生气。此处形容词作表语,修饰主语She的状态,故选B。
20、No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in _______activities on Earth Day.
A.varietiesB.anxiousC.variousD.a variety
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:无论你喜欢做什么,都有办法在地球日参与各种活动。A. varieties种类;B. anxious焦虑的,担心的;C. various各种各样的,千差万别的;D. a variety一种种类。分析句子可知,此处修饰名词activities,应用形容词,因此排除A、D。根据句意可知,设空处要表达“多种多样的”。故选C项。
21、Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this ______ out of the long-existing discrimination.
A.conceptB.assessmentC.identityD.personality
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵制这个身份。A. concept观念;B. assessment评估,评价;C. identity身份;D. personality个性,品格。根据空前“Male nurses are difficult to hire”及空后“out of the long-existing discrimination”可知,很多男性抵制男护士这个身份。故选C项。
22、________ honesty, I know a lot of people who don’t pay bus fares.
A.Concentrating onB.Speaking ofC.Leading toD.Living up to
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:谈到诚实,我知道许多人乘公车不买票。 A. Concentrating on集中于;B. Speaking of谈到;C. Leading to导致;D. Living up to不辜负。根据句意可知,设空处表达了“谈到”的含义,所以要选B项。故选B项。
23、—Tom, you seem to be overjoyed.
—______? I have just received the offer of Sydney University.
A.Guess whatB.What forC.What ifD.So what
答案:A
考查交际用语。句意:——汤姆,你看起来很高兴。——你猜怎么着?我刚刚收到悉尼大学的录取通知书。A. Guess what你猜怎么着;B. What for为什么;C. What if假使……将会怎么样;D. So what那又怎样。根据语境可知,汤姆很高兴,取得了意想不到的结果,Guess what(你猜怎么着)符合题意。故选A。
24、Do you feel ______ when going into the wilderness alone?
A.frighteningB.frightenC.frightenedD.to frighten
答案:C
考查形容词。句意:你独自一人进入荒野时,你会感到害怕吗?系动词feel后需接形容词作表语,排除选项B和D;主语是人you,所以此处需用ed形容词frightened“害怕的”作表语。故选C。
25、The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Gansu.” is ________.
A.S+V+OB.S+V+P
C.S+V +IO+ DOD.S+V +DO+ OC
答案:A
考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知,I是主语,enjoy是谓语,“living in Gansu”是动名词短语作宾语,因此句子结构是主谓宾结构,即S+V+O。故选A。
26、Young people show a _______ for larger friend groups, more intimacy and companionship.
A.companyB.preferenceC.experienceD.selection
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:年轻人更喜欢更大的朋友群,更亲密,更陪伴。A. company陪伴;B. preference偏爱;C. experience经验;D. selection挑选。preference for对……的偏爱。根据“for larger friend groups, more intimacy and companionship.”可知,年轻人更偏爱更大的朋友群。故选B。
27、Setting goals makes you______.
A.confidenceB.confidentlyC.to be confidentD.confident
答案:D
考查形容词。句意:设置目标让你充满信心。make后接复合宾语,空处用形容词作宾语补足语,解释说明宾语you,故选D。
小提示:
28、He cannot concentrate________ the reading due to the________ scream outside the library.
A.on; annoyingB.on; annoyedC.to; annoyingD.to; annoyed
答案:A
考查固定短语和形容词词义辨析。句意:由于图书馆外面恼人的尖叫声,他无法集中精力读书。第一空为短语concentrate on表示“集中于”;第二空修饰scream应用-ing结尾形容词annoying,annoyed常用于修饰人,表示“生气的”不符合语境。故选A。
29、Finding a proper apartment takes a lot of time, but with adequate preparation and _____, you’ll find the one you want.
A.qualityB.personalityC.generosityD.patience
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:找到一套合适的公寓需要很多时间,但只要有充分的准备和耐心,你就会找到你想要的公寓。A. quality质量;B. personality个性;C. generosity慷慨;D. patience耐心。根据句意可知,找到一套合适的公寓需要很多时间,由此可知,你需要耐心,“patience”意为“耐心”,为不可数名词,作介词“with”的宾语,符合语境。故选D项。
30、He was accused of stealing money from her but it was________.
A.pulling its weightB.in its own right
C.to tick all the right boxesD.the other way round
答案:D
考查短语。句意:他被控告偷了她的钱,但是正好相反。A. pull its weight 做好分内事,尽责;B. in its own right 凭借自身,靠自己;C. to tick all the right boxes 满足所有的要求,符合所有的标准;D. the other way round 反过来,反之亦然。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查短语做表语。考查the other way round 表示“反过来”的意思。故选D。
完成句子
31、这是他们第一次见面,约翰决心留个好印象。
It was their first meeting and John was determined to make a good ______.
答案:impression
考查名词。对比中英文句意可知,空处需表示“印象”之意,impression印象,名词,符合题意;由空前不定冠词a可知,空处名词需用单数。故填impression。
32、万一这孩子出了什么事怎么办?
____ ____anything should happen to the child?
答案: What if
考查固定短语。结合汉语意思“万一……怎么办”可知短语为what if,句首单词首字母要大写。故填①What;②if。
33、如果你事先做好准备,也不至于那么被动。
If you had prepared in advance, you wouldn’t be________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案: in such an awkward position
考查介词短语,形容词和名词。根据中英文提示,空处缺少“处于被动的位置”,也就是“处于非常尴尬的位置”,in a...position“处于……位置”,such“如此的”,awkward“尴尬的”,根据句意,表示泛指“如此尴尬的位置”,加不定冠词,awkward以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an,故填in such an awkward position。
34、理解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜爱和情感一样重要。
_________ as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
答案:Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is
考查固定短语。结合句意表示“理解你自己的需要和交流风格”翻译为understand your own needs and styles of communication,作句子的主语,应用动名词形式,且为一般现在时,谓语用单数。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is。
35、Don’t ________. I will feel lonely.
别留下我一个人。我会觉得孤单的。
答案:leave me alone
考查固定搭配。分析句子可知,表示“留下......一个人”使用固定搭配leave sb. alone,符合本句语境。根据“ I will feel lonely.”得知,是说别留下我一个人。故填leave me alone。
小提示:
36、在上高中时,我们有语文、英语、科学等课程。
In____ ____ _____we have Chinese, English, science, and so forth.
答案: senior high school
考查固定短语。根据汉语意思“高中”可知短语为senior high school。故填①senior;②high;③school。
37、一句多译
给我印象最深的是他歌唱得好。
①________ was that he sang well.(what)
②________ that he sang well.(it做形式主语)
答案: What impressed me most It impressed me most
考查主语从句。根据句意可知,空处为主语从句,主语从句用what引导,在从句中作主语,表示“令人印象深刻的事情”;impress sb. most“令某人最印象深刻”,根据was可知,主语从句中用一般过去时态,谓语动词用过去式。所以第一个句子可以填What impressed me most;主语从句也可以放到后面,用it作形式主语,所以第二个句子可以填It impressed me most。故填①What impressed me most②It impressed me most。
38、你在课堂上记笔记通常用钢笔还是铅笔?
Do you usually____ ____in class with a pen or pencil?
答案: take notes
考查固定短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用固定短语take notes“记笔记”,本句为一般疑问句,谓语动词应还原为原形。故填①take;②notes。
39、_________________________ on the road.
路上的汽车太多了。
答案:There are too many cars
考查There be 结构。表达某地有某物,英语用There be 结构。根据汉语提示可知该句是现在的事实,要用一般现在时。故填There are too many cars。
40、公司出钱请我们外出就餐。
We were taken out for a meal ________.
答案:at the company’s expense
考查固定短语。“由某人出钱”使用固定短语at sb’s expense,“公司”使用名词company,此处特指某个公司,用单数形式。故填at the company’s expense。
语法填空
41、For many foreigners who have visited or worked in China, one of their strong______(impress) is that the country is very safe. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:impressions
考查名词的数。句意:对许多去过中国或在中国工作过的外国人来说,他们强烈的印象之一是中国非常安全。空格前是形容词strong,形容词修饰名词,所以空格处要填名词,impress的名词形式是impression。由提示词one of可知,名词要用复数形式。故填impressions。
42、We look forward to______________(strengthen) our already close cooperation with the police service. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:strengthening
考查动名词。句意:我们期待着加强我们与警方已经密切的合作。strengthening与逻辑主语we之间为主谓关系,look forward to后接名词或动名词,作宾语。故填strengthening。
43、The heart ___________________(compare) to a pump. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:is compared
考查动词时态和语态。句意:心脏被比喻为一个泵。此处是句子谓语动词,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语heart和compare之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词用is。故填is compared。
44、As a child,he never left his parents,so he didn’t get used to__________(deal) with everything in school independently.
答案:dealing
考查固定搭配。句意:作为一个小孩,他从没有离开过父母,所以他还不习惯独自处理学校里的事情。get used to doing sth意为“习惯做某事”。故填dealing。
45、The scientist believed that in the near future, humans ______ (explore) more planets besides Mars. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:would explore
考查动词。句意:这位科学家相信,在不久的将来,人类将探索除火星以外的更多行星。分析句子,设空处应该使用动词作谓语。此处表示的是从过去的某一时间来看将来。故使用过去将来时。故填would explore。
46、A full man is made by combining efforts with _____(confident). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:confidence
考查名词。句意:一个完整的人是由努力和信心相结合造就的。作宾语,应用名词confidence,不可数。故填confidence。
47、Either you or one of your students ______(be)to attend the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:is
考查主谓一致。句意:要么你,要么你的一个学生来参加这次会议。短语either...or..(要么...要么...)使用就近原则,因此谓语与one of yourstudents保持一直。故填is。
48、I have told myself after the failure that I’ll concentrate more _____ study. (用适当的词填空)
答案:on
考查介词。句意:失败后我告诉自己,我会更加专注于学习。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“concentrate on...”,意为“集中注意力于……,专注于……”,故空格处应用介词“on”。故填on。
49、He just gave me the ________(impress)he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:impression
考查名词。句意:他给我的印象是,如果他一个人做,我们想做的任何项目他都能做得更好。定冠词修饰名称,所以此处用名词impression,此处表示特指,用单数,故填impression。
50、If they have problems with _________ (register), Wilson is there to assist them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:registration
考查名词。句意:如果他们在注册方面有问题,威尔逊就在那里帮助他们。介词with后用名词registration,作宾语。故填registration。
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