高中英语虚拟语气考点专题训练(精选试题附答案).docx

高中英语虚拟语气考点专题训练

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单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)
1、As two cases of Omicro coronavirus variant have been detected, the British government has urged that anyone who has arrived from South Africa recently ________.
A．being testedB．was testedC．must be testedD．be tested
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：由于已发现两例奥米克罗冠状病毒变异病例，英国政府敦促最近从南非抵达的任何人接受检测。A. being tested正在被检测；B. was tested被检测；C. must be tested必须被检测；D. be tested被检测。分析句子，has urged后接that引导的宾语从句， urge表示“敦促”，后接宾语从句时应用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略，本句中test与主语anyone之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即（should）be tested。故选D项。
2、But for the belief that things better soon, many people couldn’t have survived the rough time.
A．had gotB．gotC．would getD．will get
答案：C
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是相信情况很快就会好转，许多人就不可能挺过这段艰难的时期。But for是固定搭配，意为“要不是”，引导的短语或句子相当于一个虚拟条件句。根据主句部分many people couldn’t have survived the rough time.可知，此处是对过去情况的假设，but for引导的从句部分是真实情况，根据时间状语soon可知，此处用过去将来时。故选C项。
3、---Have you heard that Ben and Bill had a fight yesterday?
---Yes. Now they don’t say a single word to each other. It seems as if they ______ each other before.
A．didn’t knowB．don’t knowC．have never knownD．had never known
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：——你听说昨天 Ben 和 Bill 打架了吗？——是的。现在他们一句话也不说了。他们好像之前从来不认识对方。as if “好像”，在引导从句时，即可表示对现在、过去时间的虚拟，也可表示对将来时间的虚拟，其后要用虚拟语气。当表示和过去事实相反时，从句用had +过去分词的虚拟语气。根据句中“Ben and Bill had a fight yesterday ”及下文“ before”，可知此处表示和过去事实相反，选项D与题意相符，故选D。
4、Pity that I missed the Women's Volleyball Match on Thursday. If only I ____ the ticket in advance!
A．bookedB．had bookedC．would bookD．have booked
答案：B
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：错过了周四的女排比赛真是太可惜了，要是我早点订票就好了。根据句意可知，这是对过去的虚拟，故应用过去完成时。故选B
5、What a pity! The parents could have survived the earthquake, __________ to save their child.
A．had they not come backB．have they come back
C．did they not come backD．did they come back
答案：A
解析：
考查省略if的条件句。句意：真遗憾!如果不是回来救孩子，这对父母本可以在地震中幸存下来。分析句子可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件句，与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词为had come back，if可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，即把had置于句首。从句“if they had not come back”省略if，提前had，句子写成“had they not come back”。故选A项。
小提示：
if引导的虚拟条件句，当从句的谓语动词含有were，should，had时，if可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，即把were，should，had等词置于句首。
6、If he ________ his teacher’s suggestion, he would have won the English Speech Contest.
A．had followedB．should follow
C．was to followD．followed
答案：A
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听从了老师的建议，他就会赢得英语演讲比赛了。根据“would have won”可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，故A项正确。
小提示：
注意在if引导的虚拟条件句中，表示对现在的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be 用were），主句谓语形式为should/could/would+动词原形，如：If they didn’t take physical exercises every day, they would be so healthy；表示对过去的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，主句谓语形式为should/could/would have+过去分词，如：If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the test；表示对将来的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be用were）/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语形式为should/could/would+动词原形，如：If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off。
7、She wouldn’t have flown off the handle _____the fact that you didn’t intend to hurt her.
A．were she to knowB．had she known
C．did she knowD．should she have known
答案：B
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果她知道你并没有打算伤害她这一事实的话，她就不会勃然大怒。根据题中wouldn't have 和fact后的同位语从句的时态可知，这是对过去时间的虚拟。在if的非真实条件句中，对过去时间的虚拟从句谓语动词要用had done，省略连词if后，句子要用部分倒装，即had提前至从句主语之前。故选B项。
8、My advice is _______ he _____ to go abroad for further education.
A．that, choosesB．that, choseC．that, chooseD．what, should choose
答案：C
解析：
考查表语从句和虚拟语气。句意：我的建议是他应该选择出国深造。chooses选择；第一个设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成份，应用只起连接作用的that；在advice后的表语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语构成是“should+动词原形”should可省略，故第二个设空处应为(should) choose。故选C。
9、He runs very fast ________ he ________ a professional athlete.
A．even though; isB．even if; wereC．as if; wereD．as like; is
答案：C
解析：
考查方式状语从句和虚拟语气。句意：他跑得很快，好像他是一个职业运动员。分析句子可知，句子描述的是他跑的“方式”，“好像”他是一个职业运动员，故句子为方式状语从句，as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”，符合句意，故第一个空填as if。根据句意可知，从句中的内容与现在事实相反，他并不是一个职业运动员，这时从句要用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时，故第二个空填were/was。故选C项。
10、I wish I ________ football game on TV last night, but I went to a friend's birthday party.
A．watchedB．had watchedC．would watchD．were watching
答案：B
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我昨晚看了电视上的足球比赛，但是我去了一个朋友的生日聚会。分析可知，wish后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气，由时间状语last night可知该句是对过去发生事情的虚拟，结构为：wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词。故选B项。
11、The General commanded that all the soldiers ____ the news secret.
A．keepB．keptC．keepingD．to keep
答案：A
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：将军命令所有士兵把这个新闻保守秘密。command “命令”，后跟that从句，从句中用should do, should可以省略。故选A。
小提示：
在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
本小题考查command的用法，句意：将军命令所有士兵把这个新闻保守秘密。command “命令”，后跟that从句，从句中用should do, should可以省略。故选A。
12、The manager’s order was that the names______ to in his report _______ to Mr Brown immediately.
A．referred; be e-mailedB．referring; should be e-mailed
C．referred; were e-mailedD．was referred; must be e-mailed
答案：A
解析：
考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：经理的命令是把报告中提到的名字立即用电子邮件发给布朗先生。第一空使用非谓语动词，names与refer to之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语；第二空使用虚拟语气（order后的表语从句要用should do的虚拟语气，其中should可省略），又因names与e-mail之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故A项正确。
13、I’m sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I ________ the task on schedule.
A．would accomplishB．could accomplish
C．must have accomplishedD．might have accomplished
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉我没能赶上最后期限，要是有更好的设备，我可能已经按时完成任务了。根据“I failed to meet the deadline.”及“With better equipment”可知，此处表示对过去事情可能性较小的推测，表示“可能已经……”，故D项正确。
小提示：
本题的解题关键在于根据“I failed to meet the deadline.”及“With better equipment”可知，此处表示对过去事情可能性较小的推测，表示“可能已经……”，例如：I went to Paris last month, with more money, I might have gone to a further place.上个月我去了巴黎，要是钱够的话，我可能去更远的地方了。
14、The director commanded that actions________ to solve the problem.
A．were takenB．tookC．should takeD．be taken
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：主任命令采取行动解决问题。command“命令”后接宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，主语action与谓语take为被动关系。所以本句为（should）be taken。故选D项。
15、__________the AI robots __________earlier, the production efficiency would have been improved.
A．Were; inventedB．Had; been invented
C．Had; inventedD．Have; been invented
答案：B
解析：
考查省略if的虚拟语气。句意：如果人工智能机器人早点发明，生产效率就会提高。此处是if引导的非真实条件句，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时态，当if省略时，用部分倒装，将助动词had提到主语的前面。故选B。
小提示：
If引导的虚拟语气：
1).表示与现在事实相反的情况
从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）
2).表示与过去事实相反的情况
从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）
3).表示与将来事实相反
从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）
特别提示：如果将if省略，则将从句中的be动词were、助动词had/情态动词should/could等提到主语的前面。
16、How time flies! I feel junior high school was only yesterday!
A．even ifB．unlessC．ifD．as if
答案：D
解析：
考查从属连词和虚拟语气。句意：时光飞逝！我觉得初中生活就像昨天一样。A. even if即使；B. unless除非；C. if如果；D. as if好像。根据“junior high school was only yesterday!”可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，根据句意可知此处表示“好像”，as if从句后常用虚拟语气，故选D。
17、The new government desire corruption ________ as soon as possible to regain people’s trust.
A．should cureB．is curedC．must be curedD．be cured
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：新政府要求尽快消除腐败，重获人民的信任。动词desire为“要求”之意，后接宾语从句，从句谓语用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，其中的should通常可以省略。corruption 与cure之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选D。
18、The WHO urged that all the countries ______ measures to prevent COVID-19 spreading.
A．takeB．must takeC．are to takeD．took
答案：A
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：世界卫生组织敦促所有国家采取措施防止COVID-19 的蔓延。此处urge“催促，力劝”后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，故选A。
小提示：
动词urge后面的宾语从句必须使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词由“should + 动词原形”构成，且should可以省略。
如：He urged that she (should) say sorry to him first.
19、--- Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I late for the flight yesterday.
--- Don’t mention it.
A．will have beenB．would have been
C．must beD．could be
答案：B
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：“谢谢你提醒我时间，否则昨天我要迟到了。”“不客气。”would+have+done表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。故B选项正确。
20、— If I ______ my dog run out in the street, it wouldn't have been injured by the car.
— Don't blame yourself any more. Owning a pet is a tough job.
A．hadn't letB．didn't letC．wouldn't letD．wouldn't have let
答案：A
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：——如果我没有让我的狗在街上跑，它就不会被汽车撞伤了。——别再自责了。养宠物是一项艰巨的工作。根据下文it wouldn't have been injured by the car可知表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去完成时，主语 +would / could / should / might + have + 动词的过去分词”。故选A。
小提示：
if引导虚拟语气
1). 表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“ if+ 主语 + 动词的过去式（ be 动词用 were ），主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。如：
If the weather were fine, we would go to Shanghai.如果天气好，我们就去上海。（事实上天气不好）
If they had time, they would / could / might go with me.如果他们有时间，他们就会（可能）和我一起去。
2). 表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去完成式，主语 +would / could / should / might + have + 动词的过去分词”。如：
If I had taken his advice, I shouldn't / wouldn't / couldn't have made such a mistake.
如果我按照他的建议去做，我一定不会（不可能）犯这样的错误。
3). 表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果，其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去式 / should + 动词原形 / were to +动词原形，主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。如：
The glass would break if you dropped it.杯子摔下来会打破的。（事实上没有摔下来）
If it should rain, the crops would / could / might be saved.假如天下雨，庄稼就一定（有可能）会得救。
21、________ the separatist forces for Taiwan independence provoke us, force our hands or even cross the red line, we would take resolute measures.
A．CouldB．ShouldC．MightD．Would
答案：B
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果“台独”分裂势力挑衅逼迫，甚至突破红线，我们都会采取坚决措施。if引导的虚拟条件句，与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用should +动词原形，也可将should移到句首并省略if，构成虚拟条件句的倒装结构。故选B。
22、With the help of the detective Sam, Justin was found, so Justin's mother insisted an amount of money as a reward.
A．to giveB．on his givingC．he was givenD．he be given
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：在萨姆警探的帮助下，贾斯汀被找到了，所以贾斯汀的母亲坚持要给他一笔钱作为奖励。insist on sb’s doing sth.意为“坚持某人做某事“，所以A和B是错误的。Insist也可跟宾语从句，此时的宾语从句是用虚拟语气，should+动词原形，should也可省略。故C是错误的，分析句子Justin's mother insisted ____an amount of money as a reward.可知，本句中的should省略了，故选D。
23、The manager demanded that the workers the task ahead of schedule.
A．accomplishingB．accomplishedC．accomplishD．to accomplish
答案：C
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：经理要求工人们提前完成任务。动词demand意为：要求，其宾语从句的谓语动词由“(should)+动词原形”构成，其中should可省略，故选C项。
24、If they had informed us, we ___________ here now.
A．would not comeB．would have comeC．will not comeD．may not come
答案：A
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。本句属于错综条件句，从句与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形，故A项正确。
小提示：
错综条件句是虚拟语气的一大难点，主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定，例如本题，句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。从句与过去事实相反，而“here”表明主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形。
25、I’m sorry, but I would rather the specialist as well as the assistants _____and ______the project again.
A．seated , discuss aboutB．were seated ,discussed
C．are seated, discussD．seats ,are discussing
答案：A
解析：
考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉，但是我宁愿专家和助手都坐下来再次讨论关于这个项目。第一空是虚拟语气，表示对现在愿望相反的假设，应使用一般过去时，即would rather+ sb. +一般过去时，所以用seated；第二空是would rather do sth.，意为“宁愿做某事”，所以用discuss about。故选A 项。
26、If she ________ generous as she makes out she would have donated more money in the catastrophe.
A．had beenB．were
C．would beD．was
答案：B
解析：
考查虚拟语气。从句首的if（如果）与主句的would have done（早就做…）可判断本题考查虚拟语气，并且根据主句时态可以判断是与现在事实相反的假设，所以if从句用一般过去式，be动词要用were。虚拟语气中，be动词的一般过去时只能用were不能用was，故选B。
小提示：
If条件句引导的虚拟语气，一般有三种形式。与现在事实相反：If +主语+did(be用were)，主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。与过去事实相反：If +主语+had done，主语+would/should/might/could + have done。与将来事实相反：If +主语+were to do/should do，主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。虚拟语气做题方法是在正常时态上往前推一个时态，用往前推了时态表达虚拟的不真实性。只要学生记住我们上边列出的这三种形式，做题是轻而易举的。
27、He would get to the university by Friday ______ today, which can ensure him of his speech.
A．were he to leaveB．if he had leftC．did he to leaveD．had he left
答案：A
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果今天出发，他周五就可以达到那所大学，这样就可以确保他的演讲。根据He would get to the university by Friday判断此处考查与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句应用一般过去时，即if he were to leave，又从句中有were时可省略if将其提到句首，即were he to leave，故选A项。
小提示：
本题考查非真实条件状语从句中虚拟语气的省略
If引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，如有were, had(助动词)，should时可省略if，再提前were, had, should。例如：
1).       If I were you, I would choose to stay at home. →Were I you, I would choose to stay at home.
2).       If it should snow tomorrow, I would make a snowman. →Should it snow tomorrow, I would make a snowman.
3).       If you had followed my advice, you would be better now. →Had you followed my advice， you would be better now.
28、It is recommended that the machine ______ once a year.
A．must be checkedB．was checkedC．is checkedD．be checked
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：建议每年对机器进行一次检查。根据句型和句意可知，这里考查it is recommended that+ 主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用虚拟语气， 动词形式为（should)+ 动词原形， should 可以省略。故选D项。
29、Without his inspiring experiences, Faraday____ electromagnetic induction.
A．discoveredB．hadn't discoveredC．have discoveredD．wouldn't have discovered
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：没有他那鼓舞人心的经历，法拉第就不会发现电磁感应。根据题干中的without可知本句是含蓄条件句，相当于if引导的虚拟条件从句，所以其主句的谓语动词则用相应的形式。根据语境without his inspiring experiences“没有他那鼓舞人心的经历”，可知是对过去情况的否定虚拟，所以主句的谓语动词需用would/could/might/should have done。故选D。
30、The teacher requests he ________in homework every morning.
A．handB．to handC．handsD．handed
答案：A
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求他每天早上上交家庭作业。requests后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。故选A项。
31、I would rather she ______ tomorrow than today.
A．comesB．cameC．will comeD．should come
答案：B
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿她明天来也不愿今天来。分析句子可知，本句为虚拟语气，would rather后从句用虚拟语气有两种情况，用一般过去时表现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表过去的愿望，本句表示与将来的愿望相反的假设，用一般过去时，故选B。
32、I didn’t know he was in the company. _______it, I_______then.
A．Had I known; would call on him
B．Should I know; would have called on him
C．If I knew; would call on him
D．Had I known; would have called on him
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：我不知道他在公司。要是我知道的话，我就会给他打电话了。分析句子可知，虚拟条件句的从句部分是对过去发生的事进行假设，使用过去完成时，将had移到从句句首实行倒装句式。虚拟条件句的主句部分表示与过去事实相反的假说，因此使用would have done形式。故选D项。
33、I ______ to you at that time, but I didn’t know where you lived.
A．had writtenB．wrote
C．would writeD．would have written
答案：D
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：那时我本想给你写信的，但我不知道你住在哪里。根据后文but I didn’t know where you lived可知“我”并没有写信，短语would have done“本应该做但实际没有做”，表示对过去事实的假设。故选D。
34、Seeing her peers struggling for success and independence, Zhang yue offered her suggestion that they ________ seek guidance from expert consultants.
A．mustB．shouldC．canD．shall
答案：B
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：看到同龄人为成功和独立而奋斗，张悦建议他们应该寻求专家顾问的指导。A.must必须；B.should应该；C.can能；D.shall将。分析句子可知，此句为同位语从句，that引导的从句是suggestion的具体内容，从句使用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气。故选B。
小提示：
35、I am struggling to polish up my English now. If only I _______ hard in senior one!
A．studyB．studiedC．had studiedD．should study
答案：C
解析：
考查虚拟语气。句意：我正在努力提高我的英语水平。要是我在高一时努力学习就好了！根据“我正在努力提高我的英语水平。”可推测下一句“要是我在高一时努力学习就好了！”。可知，高一（以前）是没有努力，与过去事实相反的，if only(倘若…..就好了)虚拟语气可用过去完成时。分析选项可知C符合题意，故选C。
小提示：
if only   “要是……就好了”，常用以表示愿望。从句一般用虚拟语气。
1). If only＋从句(had done) 与过去事实相反:
If only I had taken her advice!(take) 如果我听从了她的建议就好了。(事实是：我没有听从)
If only she had not left !(not leave)如果她没走就好了！(事实是：她已经走了)
2 .If only＋从句(would/could/might＋do) 表示与将来事实相反:
If only she would go with me tomorrow! 她要是明天愿意和我一道去就好了!
3).If only＋从句(did/were) 表示与现在事实相反：
If only I were a bird.如果我是一只鸟该多好呀! (事实是：我现在不是鸟))
分析本小题可知，本句是与过去的愿望相反的，故要用过去完成时，因此选C。
36、He behaved naturally ___________ nothing had happened to him.
A．even ifB．only ifC．as ifD．not that
答案：C
解析：
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他表现得很自然，好像什么事都没有发生似的。A.even if即使；B.