BRITISHPRIMARYSCHOOL英国初等学校介绍.pptx

BRITISHPRIMARYSCHOOLUptoage5,childrenmayhavesomepre-primaryschoolinginnurseryschools,daycare,orplaygroups.Betweentheageof5to11,pupilsmainlyattendstatesectorprimaryschools.Theseschoolsarecalledco-educationormixedschoolsbecausetheyadmitbothboysandgirls.Primaryschoolsareoftensubdividedintoinfantschoolsforchildrenfromage47(FoundationStageandKeyStage1)andjuniorschoolsforages711(KeyStage2).(ExcludingScotland,whereallfromage5-12arecateredforintheoneinstitution.)Bylaw,allchildrenofcompulsoryschoolage(between5and16)mustreceiveafull-timeeducation.TheUKintroducedaNationalCurriculumin1992andstateschoolsarerequiredtoadheretoituntilstudentsreachage16.However,independentorpublicschoolsarenotobligedtodoso.Inareasthatadoptedathree-tiersystem,thetermprimaryschoolisoftenusedasanalternativetoFirstSchool,takinginagesupto9or10yearsold,althoughforeducationplanningpurposes,thetermprimaryeducationintheseareaswillstillcovertheagegroupsasinatwo-tiersystem.Intheprivatesector,fee-payingschoolswhichprovideprimaryeducationareknownaspreparatoryschools,andtheyoftencaterforchildrenuptotheageofthirteen.Astheirnamesuggests,preparatoryschoolsaredesignedtopreparepupilsforentranceexaminationsforfee-payingindependentschools.TestPrimaryschoolstudentsinEnglandsitstandardizedtestsSATsinYear6andinYear2.Thesetestsareusedtoprovideindividualstudentresultsandtorankschoolsaccordingtotheirperformance.TestsincludeNumeracy,MentalMath,ReadingComprehension,Writing,SpellingandScience.AfinallevelisawardedforMath,EnglishandScience.WalesandNorthernIrelandabolishedthetestsquitesometimeago,whilstScotlandneverimplementedtheSATs.Heatherdown Preparatory SchoolHeatherdown Prep:the exclusive school that taught David Cameron his ambitionHeatherdown Preparatory SchoolwasanindependentjuniorschoolforboysinthecivilparishofWinkfield,nearAscot,intheEnglishcountyofBerkshire.Itclosedin1982.Setin30acres(12ha)ofgrounds,ittypicallyhadbetween80and90pupils.Itspupilsincluded:PrinceAndrew,DukeofYorkPrinceEdward,EarlofWessexAndrewRussell,15thDukeofBedfordDavidCameron,UKPrimeMinister(2010present)DavidCholmondeley,7thMarquessofCholmondeleySirEdwardFielden,WorldWarTwoheroGilesGoschen,4thViscountGoschen1BryanGuinness,2ndBaronMoyneVictorHely-HutchinsonGeorgeMountbatten,4thMarquessofMilfordHavenLordIvarMountbattenAngusOgilvyJamesOgilvyDavidCarnegie,EarlofSoutheskGeorgeWindsor,EarlofStAndrewsDavidNiven,actorJoelCadburyAlexanderCockburn,writerAccordingtoFrancisElliotandJamesHanningsbiographyofDavidCameron,theschoolwasrenownedforitsacademicandsportingexcellence.TheyclaimthatamongtheeightysetsofparentsofCameronscontemporaries,therewereeightTheHonourables,fourSirs,twoCaptains,twoDoctors,twoMajors,oneBrigadier,oneCommodore,twoPrincesses,twoMarchionesses,oneViscount,oneEarl,oneBaronandoneQueen.ThelastHeadmasteroftheSchoolwasJamesV.Edwards.Afterclosingin1982,theschoolwasdemolishedandallthatremainsisthelakeandislandalongFernbankRoad.ThesiteisnowoccupiedbytheLicensedVictuallersSchool.Oldboysorpeoplewithavalidconnectiontotheschoolmaintainafacebookpagewithlimitedpubliccontenttosharememoriesandpostpictures.The small boy smiling shyly in the back row of the school photograph bears no early traces of greatness.But,at the tender age of 11,David Cameron was already ambitious beyond his years.A school report emerged on Thursday showing Mr Cameron ranked last in the elite sixth form at Heatherdown Preparatory School。LockerParkLockers Park Schoolisadayandboardingpreparatoryschoolfor140boys,situatedinHemelHempstead,Hertfordshire.EachyearitsendsboystothemainpublicschoolsintheUK,includingHarrow,Eton,Radley,BradfieldandRugby.ItscurrentheadmasterisDavidFarquharson.LockersParkhasalonganddistinguishedhistory.Itwasfoundedin1874byHenryMontaguDrapertobeafoundationschoolpreparingboysforRugbySchool,andisthusoneoftheearliestpurpose-builtpreparatoryschoolsinEngland.ItisbuiltontheparklandofasignificantGeorgianhouse,calledTheLockers,whichstillexists,nowdividedintoapartments.HenryDrapertooktheopportunitytobuythe23acres(93,000m2)ofparklandwhentheownerofTheLockersfellonhardtimes,andbuiltaschoolwithfacilitiestohousethesonsofgentlefolkwhointendedtheirsonsforRugby.HewasguidedinhischoiceoflocationbytheproximityofthesitetoBoxmoor(nowHemelHempstead)station,anditssituationontheroutefromLondontoRugby.InthefollowingyearsLockersParkSchoolestablisheditselfasoneofahandfulofhigh-qualitypreparatoryschools,sendingboystoEton,HarrowandWinchesteraswellasRugby,Bradfield,UppinghamSchoolandthenearerschoolsofStoweandHaileybury.Itslistofdistinguishedoldboysislong,mostnotably:LouisMountbatten,1stEarlMountbattenofBurma,HisHighnessPrinceMauriceofBattenbergandGuyBurgess,theRussianspy.TheNawabofPataudi,captainoftheIndianCricketteam,SirKeithJoseph,JamesLees-MilneandSaifAliKhanalsowenttotheschool.ManytraditionsfromthedaysofDraperstillcontinue,maintainedwithinthefullyupdatedbuildingsandalongsidethemodernandvibrantcurriculum.Tuckandsweets(whichDraperdidhisbesttodiscourageparentsfromsupplyingtoboysonexeats!)arestillknownasslatter,afterMrSlatterwhoownedasweetshopinBoxmoor;boyshaveSetsratherthanhouses,thenamesbeingthoseoffamousarmyandnavycaptains,Beatty,Haig,Jellicoe,Kitchener,MountbattenandRoberts;andtheforward-thinkingsystemofeffortgrades,emphasizingattitudeandapplicationasthemostimportantelementsofeducation,isthesametodayasthatinstitutedbytheearliestHeadmasterHappyEndingWithaWonderfulSongThankyou!