主动表被动的几种情况(课堂PPT).ppt

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,动词不定式及其,-,主动表被动用法,1,Grammar,一 动词不定式,动词不定式由,“,to,+,动词原形,”,构成，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等,但,不能作谓语,。,2,动词不定式,To do that sort of thing,is foolish,。,I want,to see you this evening.,All you have to do is,to finish it quickly.,We found a house,to live in,.,She came here,to study English,.,I warned the patient not,to eat cold water,after the operation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,3,一般式：,to be done,完成式：,to have been done,。,只有及物动词和相当于及物动词的短语才有不定式的被动式。,e.g.He asked,to be sent,to work in that factory.,They,had been warned,many times before they,carried out,the plan.,动词不定式,被动式,(,发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生,),(,发生在谓语动词之前,),4,主动表被动,5,谓语动词,主动表被动,主动表被动,非谓语动词,主动表被动,6,1.,有些不及物动词或短语,如,exist,appear,happen,occur,come true,take place,break out,run out,等常以主动形式表被动意义。,我的钱用完了。,(run out),我实现了梦想。（,come true,）,My money has run out.,My dream has come true.,一、谓语动词主动表被动的四种情形,7,2.,感官动词,(,feel,look,seem,taste,sound),和一些连系动词,(,如,remain,keep,stay,prove,等）,常以主动形式表示被动意义。,The water _(feel)cool when I jumped into the pool.,The ice-cream _(taste)delicious.,felt,tastes,8,3.,当,read,write,draw,wash,clean,burn,cook,cut,wear,sell,等词与well,easily,quickly 等副词连用时,常用主动表被动,。,9,The cloth,washes,well.The poem,reads,smoothly.The book,sells,well.This cheese doesnt,cut,easily.Its too soft.,This shirt will,wear,very long.The floor doesnt,clean,easily.This kind of rice,cooks,more quickly than that kind.,10,Questions:,1.,When did the accident,_,_,_,?,交通事故是什么时候发生的？,2.,When did the war,_,?,战争是何时爆发的？,3.,Ice-cream always,_,well in summer.,冰淇淋在夏天总是很好卖。,happen,break out,sells,11,4.,The music _ beautiful.,音乐优美动听。,5.,As time went on,Einsteins theory _ to be correct.,随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论被证明是正确的。,6.,Good medicine _bitter!,sounds,proved,tastes,12,二,、非谓语动词主动表被动的情况：,1.,不定式,to blame,to let,/rent,to hire,to seek,用做表语时，通常用主动表被动。,Who,is to blame,?,The house,is to let,.,(,该怪谁呢？,),(此屋出租,。,),13,2.,在“,主语+,be+形容词+to do,”结构中的不定式通常,The question,is difficult to answer,.,Do you think the water,is safe to drink,?,His writing,is impossible to read,.,The strawberries,are nice to eat,.,The man,is hard to please,.,The room,is expensive to live in,.,14,有时形容词后跟有名词，在名词后用作定语的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义：,Its a difficult book,to read,.,那是一本难读的书。,It is a pleasant thing,to remember,.,这是一件值得记住的愉快的事。,15,3,在,there be,结构中,例如：,There is a lot of homework _,（,do,）,There is nothing _,（,worry about,）,to do,to worry about,16,4.,在“,tooto;enough to”,结构中主动表被动。,tooto,也可用被动,如：,The problem is too difficult _(work out),The house is big enough _(live in).,to work out,to live in,17,5.,不定式用于某些动词的,（have,have got,get,want,need）,宾语后做,后置定语时，主动表被动,：,e.g.,I have some letters,to write,.I want something,to drink,.,不定式与所修饰的名词为被动的动宾关系，与句子的主语为主动的主谓关系时，不定式用主动表被动。,18,但是注意：,I have something,to type,.,(我自己打)I have something,to be typed,.,(请别人打),所以：当不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时就用主动表被动，若不一致，则需用被动表被动。,I have a letter,to post,.(自己寄)I have a letter,to be posted,.(请别人寄),19,6.,be worth,/,need/want/require,/deserve/bear,+doing,主动表被动,In all,the book is worth,reading,.,=is worthy to be read.,Such a man as Mr,Smith is not worth,helping,.,Such a man as Mr,Smith is not worthy to be helped,20,The plants,need,watering,every day,.,=need,to be watered,.,The wall,wants repairing,=,to be repaired.,He is ill.He,deserves sending to hospital,.,=to be sent to hospital.,21,7.,不定式与疑问词连用,e.g.,Which,movie,to watch,has not been decided yet.,I dont know,what to do,next.,8.,在“,with+,宾语,+to do”,结构中。,例如：,With nothing _(do),，,he lay in bed,With so many exercises _(finish),，,I cant go to the cinema,to do,to finish,22,1.这些孩子需要细心照料。,2.他不知道接下来要怎么表达自己。,3.这个问题很好解决。,Excercise!,These children need looking after carefully.,He didnt know how to express himself.,This problem is very easy to work out.,23,4.,Im going to Beijing next week.Do you have anything,_,to your parents?,5.,I have a meeting to,_,today.,（今天我有一个会议要参加。）,6.,Ill go to the post office.Do you have a letter,_,?,7.There is nothing _,（,worry about,）,.,8.The pen _(write)smoothly.,9.He asked _(send)to the place where he was most needed.,to be taken,to be posted,attend,to worry about,writes,to be sent,24,Victory!,