牛津英语模块三第一单元单词短语.docx

译林牛津英语模块三第一单元单词短语
单词短语
Rare(ad.)----rarely fog(a.)----foggy truth(a.)---true
Firmly(a.)--- firm freeze(a.)---freezing distance(a.)---distant
Darkness(a.)---dark change(a.)---changeable deadly(n.)--- death
Deeply(n.)---depth treatment(v.)---treat volunteer(v.)---volunteer
Deserted(v.)--- desert stressed(v./ n.)--- stress; stress data(单数)----datum
Sweat(形似词)---sweet drown(形似词)---drawn reduce(反义词)---increase
Accept(反义词)---refuse latter(反义词)---former impossible(反义词)---possible
Fear(反义词)---fearlessness likely(反义词)---unlikely unpleasant(反义词)---pleasant
Nowhere(反义词)----everywhere sniff(近义词)---smell observe(近义词)---watch
Method (近义词)---way tip(近义词)---advice chance(近义词)---possibility
Rough(反义词)---smooth ignore(近义词组)---pay no attention to
Beat(过去式，过去分词)----beat; beaten stick(过去式，过去分词)----stuck; stuck
Fly(过去式，过去分词)--- flew; flown tap(过去式，过去分词)--- tapped, tapped
Panic(过去式，过去分词,现在分词)---panicked; panicked; panicking

Watch out for …留心。。。 make achievements取得成就 glance at扫视
Step out into …走出去到。。。 hold one’s nose捏住鼻子 in sight看得到
Stare(up) at 〔抬头〕凝视 after midnight午夜之后 wish for 盼望
Make a decision做出出决定 be lost in the fog在雾中迷路 set off出发
Reach out 伸出〔手〕 bang into 不小心撞到 breathe in 吸入
Pay back 报答，归还 feel frightened感到害怕 work out 制定
Turn to 变成 by underground乘地铁 go hungry挨饿
By sight根据外表或形象 make progress取得进步 manage to do 设法做
Lose sight of看不见 be related to 和。。。。相关 in the distance 在远处
Make the most of 充分利用 set sail for 。。。航行去 get close to 靠近
Take the pain忍受疼痛 the sixth sense第六感 make sense 有意义
Compared to 与。。。相比拟 ring out发出响亮的声音 can’t afford买不起
As long as possible尽可能长地 warm sb. Up使某人暖和起来
Express one’s thanks to sb. 向某人致谢 follow one’s advice听从某人的建议
In a scientific study在一个科学研究中 have something to do with 与。。。有关
Have high blood pressure 有高血压 be frozen with fear由于害怕而呆住
Can’t help doing禁不住作某事 in everyday life在日常生活中
Hold sb still使某人一动不动 lose one’s sense of taste失去味觉
Over a long distance越过很长的一段距离 be likely to do 很有可能做
Take one’s usual bus home乘某人常坐的车回家
Contact sb. Through the newspaper 通过报纸和某人联系
知识点讲解
The following points appear in Parts I – III (Period III)
1. once conj. 一旦
Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦开场, 便不可停下来。
Once printed, this dictionary will be very popular! 一旦出版，这本词典将会非常畅销！
2. too +adj. (for sb.) to do
The book is too difficult for me to understand.
3. that/this adv. (=so) 这么，那么
I've done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。
I was that angry I could have hit him. 我十分生气, 简直想揍他。
I've never been out this late before. 我从来没在外面待到这么晚。
4. might/could用在肯定句中，表示猜想。其可能性非常小。
Electric irons could be dangerous; they might give you a shock.
He might get there in time, but I can’t be sure.
5. observe vt. 观察，注意到
①observe +n．／pron．
She carefully observed every detail of their actions．她仔细观察了他们动作的每个细节。
②observe +n.／pron +ing-form
She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the way．她看到一个人在路那边走着。
③observe +n.／pron．+inf．
They didn’t observe her come in and go up-stairs. 他们没看到她进屋上楼。
[注]在复合构造中，不定式一般不带to，但在被动构造中要加to。
④observe +that-clause
We observed that it had turned cloudy．我们看到天转阴了。
⑤observe +n.／pron．+ adj．
Did you observe anything suspicious你是否注意到有令人疑心的事情
6. sense vt. 感觉到，意识到
①sense sth.
I could sense her growing anger. 我发觉到她的火气越来越大。
②sense (that)/wh-…
I sensed that there was someone in the room with me. 我感觉到有人和我一起在房间里。
Hugo had already sensed how unhappy she was. 雨果已经发觉到她是多么的不开心。
7. nowhere adv.
He went nowhere last Sunday.
Nowhere under the sun can he find a place to settle down. 世上无他容身之地.
8. 不定式的被动语态：to be done作表语
The problem remains to be solved. 这个问题还有待解决。
Sure you know what is to be done. 你肯定知道应该怎么办。
9. glance (at/towards/up)vi. vt.一瞥；扫视
She glanced along the road to see if he was coming. 她沿路扫视着，看他是否要来了。
He glanced at his watch and then looked at the sky. 他看了看手表,然后又看了看天空。
The man glanced the burglar climbing out of the window. 那人瞥见小偷从窗户爬出来。
辨析：glance, glimpse, stare, glare
glance意为“对某物迅速地看一眼〞，强调动作；glimpse意为“一瞬间地偶然一看〞，强调结果；stare意为“凝视，盯着看〞；glare意为“怒视，瞪眼〞。
The following points appear in Parts IV –VI (Period IV)
10. deserted adj. desert vt. 离弃，丢弃
He shouldn’t have deserted his post.
Why did you desert teaching for politics 你为何弃教从政？
When he had to speak to her his courage deserted him.
11. 与sight 有关的短语：
in sight 看得见 out of sight 看不见 at the sight of 一看见就...
catch [have, gain, get] sight of 发现, 看出 come in[into] sight 呈现在眼前
fix one's sight on [upon] ... 注视 go [get] out of sight 看不见了
lose one's sight 失明 take a sight at the sun 观察太阳
Victory was not yet in sight. 胜利尚不可预料。
12. set off 出发，启程；使爆炸；引起
If you want to catch that train we’d better set off for the station immediately.
如果你想赶上那班火车，我们最好立即出发去车站。
Tear-gas bombs were set off to break up the crowds. 为驱散人群施放了催泪弹。
A letter from home set off an attack of homesickness. 一封家信勾起了一阵乡思。
13. by the time引起从句时，主句的谓语是be，不是用完成时
By the time the doctor arrived, the patient was dead.
By the time he comes we’ll be on the top of the mountain.
14. feel +宾语+补足语
She felt him move.
He felt his legs shaking.
She felt her back touched.
15. with表示情绪原因
Her eyes shone with pleasure. 她的双眼闪烁着快乐的光辉。
He seemed half out of his mind with fear. 他吓得半呆。
She lost her voice with shouting. 她声音叫得嘶哑。
16. wish for
We wish for rain.
It’s no use wishing for the impossible.
17. hold vt. 使保持特定位置或状况
Hold your head up. 抬起你的头来。
It took three nurses to hold him down while they gave him the injection.
他们给他打针时用了三个护士把他按住。
Hold yourself still for a moment while I take your photograph.　
我给你拍照的那一霎那，你不要动。
18. reach out
He reached out (his hand) to get the book. = He reached for the book.
19. find sb. + 补足语
I found myself following the crowd moving forward.
We came home and found him asleep on the sofa.
She woke up and found herself under the bed.
20. with +复合宾语
Peter soon fell asleep with the light burning.
She went out with a basket on her back.
She sat there with her head dropped.
With the boy to help us, we will soon find the place.
21. rest on 靠〔依托〕在……上；依靠
Rest your head on my shoulder.
rest one’s feet on the cushion 把脚搁在垫子上
We rest our hope on you.
22. 不定代词that(后面常有介词)
that作为不定代词，可代替可数或不可数名词，相当于“the +名词〞，其复数形式为those。
In my opinion the finest wines are those from France. 我认为最好的葡萄酒是法国产的。
The air of hills is cooler than that of plains. 山地的空气比平原的凉快。
The bridge built of steel is stronger than that built of stone.
23. watch out for 提防，留神
Watch out for a tall man in a black hat. 注意一个戴黑帽子的高个男子。
You have to watch out for fast traffic along here. 你要留神这里快速的车流。
24. chance n. [C](=possibility) 可能性
There’s a chance of doing sth. 有做某事的可能性
There’s a chance that…
Chances are that… 很可能……
take a/one’s chance 冒险
25. pay back 归还，报答，报复
How can I pay you back for all your kindness 我怎样才能报答你的一片好意呢？
My husband cheated me but I’ll find some way to pay him back.
我的丈夫骗了我，不过我要想法子报复他。