第一二讲中考英语选词填空讲解.doc

第一二讲中考英语选词填空讲解
中考英语B卷十二选十专题讲解
（第一、二讲）
一、动词（7大考点）
（一）词性：
1. 动词---名词
2. 动词—形容词/副词
（二）词形：
1. 谓语：主谓一致
2. 谓语：时态一致
3. 谓语：被动语态
4. 谓语：情态动词+动词原形
5. 非谓语：to do; doing; done

（一） 词性：
法则一： 动词---名词
动词变名词的变化规则：
1） v.+ ment: achievement, excitement, argument, agreement
2） v.+tion: competition, education, description, invention
3） v.+sion: decision, permission
4） v.+ance: allowance, performance, appearance
5） v.+ing: ending, saying, training, meaning
6） v.+er/or: teacher, actor
7） v.+ist: artist, pianist, tourist
8） 其他：behave-behavior, fly-flight, mix-mixture, serve-service, press-pressure
a. 动词转化为名词的考点法则:
b.例：
permit organize decide invent
1. I’m afraid he’s made the wrong_________ on that matter;
2. You can’t take anything from here without__________
3. The computer was one of the most important _______ in the 20th century’
4. Stephen is a member of an _________ which protects rivers and lakes in China.

play win build shop
1. Congratulations! Both of you are the _________of the match.
2. I want to spend the money on either a camera or a CD________
3. Most people usually do some _________at weekends.
4. There are many tall _________in Shanghai.
法则二：动词—形容词/副词
变化规则：
1)v.+ing: developing, following, surprising,excitinh
2)v.+ed: developed, surprised, excited
3)v.+ful: forgetful, careful, useful, helpful
4)a+v.: awake, asleep, alive

b．动词转化为形容词/副词考点法则：
a. 例：
amaze follow develop close
1. He was _______at all the colorful coral reefs in the sea.
2. Don’t open your books. Please keep them________.
3. “Wearing heels is fun and cool.” Said Wu Peng, a boy who wore them on his _________day back at No.6 Middle School in Beijing.
4. Most people who live in less _______ counties are quite poor.

succeed forget sleep
1. When there was a knock at the door, the man downstairs was just falling _____
2. It’s said that you have completed the building of the new library_____
3. Grandfather is ______and often repeats himself when he tells a story.
【课后练习】：
1. Her father _________ _____________ (not like) skating.
2. Don’t talk loudly. Uncle Li _________________(write)
3. Two weeks ago my friend ________ (be) in Beijing. She _____________ (catch) a train there.
4. Aunt Ma is good at __________(plant) vegetables, so she ____________(want) to plant more next year.
5. That woman _______ ________ (draw) five pictures already.
6. ------ Who has taken my key?
------You are ________ (forget).You put it in the desk ____________ (you).
7. David could hardly fall ___________ (sleep), and his mother told him to keep his eyes________(close).
8. The students enjoyed __________ (answer) the _________ (visit) questions.
9. Tim was _________ (bad) hurt, so he had to stop ________ (walk).
10. -------Which sweater do you want __________ (choose),the read one or the blue one ?
------- I prefer the children ___________ (kind),lets go out to play games. The rain __________ (stop).It’s fine now.

（二）动词词形变化（5种）（每年中考必考）
法则 1. 谓语：时态（两大时态，时态一致）
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在完成（进行）时 过去完成时

【练一练】：
1. No matter how nice the juice ________ (look),I prefer not to drink it .
2. Listen！Someone_________ (sing) in the classroom.
3. My father ________ (make) a bookcase for me yesterday.
4. They ________ (talk) about the TV play when I came into the room yesterday.
5. I couldn’t see the road clearly because it ________(rain)heavily.
6. The class meeting _________(begin)soon, but our monitor isn’t here now.
7. The more careful you are the better you ________(do)in the next exam.
8. She wondered if they _________(arrive) in Yantai in two days.
谓语被动语态：
a.公式：
b．特别注意：
c．

【练一练】：
1. The stamps_________(use)for sending letters.
2. Today, to hold the Olympic Games _______________(consider)as a rich prize for a country.
3. The accident _______________(take) place right in the street behind my house.
4. Usually the thunder ________________(hear)after the lighting.
5. It’s said that three quarters of the world’s books and newspaper ___________(write) in English.
6. On May 12, 08, Sichuan _____________(hit) by a strong earthquake which killed many people 7. Ladies and gentleman, the plane will ___________(take)off in ten minutes.
法则三：非谓语
非谓语的基本解题理论：

【练一练】
1. Please tell Peter _____________ (not go) out tomorrow.
2. Have you finished _____________ (cook).
3. When does he go ____________ (surf) every day?
4. It is easier to lose friends than ______________ (make) friends.
5. Mr. Wang asked us to pick up the waste paper ____________ (throw).
6. How can you make yourself ____________ (understand) if you cannot express yourself dearly.
7. You forgot ____________ (close)the window again.
----Really? I won’t next time.
课后作业题:
1. The __________ (nine) ___________(run)is catching up with Lin Tao.
2. Hello, Jim! I__________ (not know) you were in Chengdu. I_________ (tell) you were still in London.
3. The ________ (use) truck I bought from Don is far cheaper than a new one, but it’s very __________ (use).
4. We are __________ (thank) to the great __________ (invent) by the scientists.
5. All of them were ___________ (amaze) at Jim’s quick ____________ (decide).
6. We must try our best ____________ (stop) the world’s population from__________ (increase).
7. Something must __________ (do) to build up a Great Green Wail__________ (success).
8. -----I __________ (return) the book to the library already.
9. Much of her confidence comes from her good ______________ (speak) English.
10. She feels free to put her ____________ (thought) down on paper.

二、形容词、名词转化
形容词：
（一） 词性：
1. 形容词转化为名词
2. 形容词转化为副词

（二） 词形：
1. adj.—n. (adj.+ness; t—ce; )(kindness, importance, truth….)
2.adj.—adv. (adj.+ly; y—i+ly; 去e+y; 特殊adv)
（carefully, easily, possibly, good--well）

（一） 词性：
法则一：

1. Although he didn’t want to go with Rose, he refused her ________(polite).
2. He is a kind-hearted man, so we can get along with him________(easy).
3. I think every student should be __________(careful)when doing things.
4. As long as they arrived at the railway station, it began to rain _________(heavy).
5. My brother runs very __________(fast),though he is fat.
6. Computers are now __________(wide)used in many places.
7. This picture did not look__________(peaceful)at all.
法则二：

confident dangerous foreign important dead different
1. The doctor’s ____________made all of them sad.
2. Several __________visited our school yesterday.
3. It’s difficult for us to tell the __________between these two words.
4. If you are full of _________, you will be happy all the time.
5. After watching this program, you will realize the _________of learning English.
6. In1972,it was discovered that the manatees were in _________.
（二） 词形
法则1.

A.比较级
1. The sea is the biggest on the earth. The sky is _________(big).than the sea. A human mind is the biggest of all.
2. Jim is fond of sports now, so he is much ___________(healthy)than before.
3. It takes ____________(little)time to go there by train than by bus.
4. Mary did__________(badly) in the exam than Jack.
5. After a day’s walk, she felt so tired that she couldn’t go ___________(far).
6. Don’t worry, Kitty. With our help, you will do much_____________(well)next time.
7. The_____________(high)you climb, the more beautiful view you will see.
课后练习题：
1. Tim was __________(bad)hurt, so he had to stop _____________(walk).
2. -----which sweater do you want _______________(choose), the red one or the blue one?
------ I prefer the blue one, for the color is much _____________(light).
3. Soon ________(dark) fell after we left the village ,but _________(luck)we met no one as we drove fast along the narrow road that ___________(lead)to the hill.
4. As our car climbed _________(high),it become colder and the rain began to fall, making it difficult to see the road.
5. The teacher said:”Do you notice your_________(behave)?you are all looking at other’s tea cups and ________(all)of you even the ________(fine)cups of others.”
6. The boys were very _________,but there was not much for them to do about it.(happy)
7. I like basketball and I want to be the ___________(good) player in college.
B.最高级
1. It often rains in April in China. It’s the ____________(wet)month of a year.
2. Of all the subjects, which do you think is ___________(difficult) to learn.
3. Paris is one of the ___________(lively)cities in Europe.
4. Which river is the second____________(long)river in the world?

法则2：

Pleasant polite honest expensive
1. It is less of a problem to be poor than to be____________.
2. Most people like easy jobs and don’t like to do the ___________work.
3. It’s _________ to make noise while eating noodles in some countries.
4. American used to like big cars, and gas used to be very ____________.

名词
（一）词性：
1
（二）词形：
1) n.+y: honesty, angry, hungry,foggy, lucky, salty, sleepy, windy
2) n.+ ed: balanced, talented, pleased, crowded, polluted
3) n.+ful/less: meaningful, thankful, colorful, homeless, useful, useless
4) n.+able: knowledge, suitable, comfortable
5) ce—t: important, comfident, different, independent
6)n.+al: personal, national, educational, traditional, natural, musical
7)n.+ly: lively, lovely, friendly
8)其他：energy—energetic, death—dead, fool—foolish, pleasure—pleased/pleasant, pride—proud, science—scientific

(一)词性：
法则1.

health cloud noise luck
1. It will be _________today. You see there are many clouds in the east.
2. Eat some vegetables and fruit every day because they are _____________food.
3. People in the west often think that the number thirteen is ___________.
4. It’s too ________here. I can’t get to sleep.

color success peace use wonder
1. It’s such a _________song that we all like it.
2. Do you think your school life is ________?
3. The experiment he did last week was very __________
4. My grandfather wants to live in a place which is more ____________than here.
5. No matter where we are ,we should do something ____________
法则二：

village Japan tour advantage art
1. “Are they Chinese?” “No, they are ___________.”
2. Modern __________ difficulty in finding patrons(资助人).
3. The university student came back to his hometown and it become a new ________.
4. His poor eyesight is a _________ to him.
5. The Eiffel Tower is always full of ____________ every year.
课后作业：
1. Mr. and Mrs. Green are ___________(happy)to live in this ________(noise)street. They have decided to move to another place/
2. It’s dangerous to stand outside, for the wind is blowing__________(strong)/
3. The ___________(swim)of our school got many prizes in the competition .
We all feel __________(pride)of them.
4. It was already late when we started for the next town, which according to the ___________(map)was about fifteen miles away on the other side of the hill.
5. Soon_________(dark)fell after we left the village, but ________(luck),we met no one as we drove fast along the narrow road that _________(lead)to the hill.
6. After we had travelled for about twenty miles. There was still no _________(sign)of the town which was marked on the map, we were beginning to get ________(worry).
7. Soon he found ,in the valley bellow, the __________of the town we were looking for .(light)

(二)名词词形
法则一：
（1） 规则变化
1. How many ___________(church)are there in Haikou ?
2. There are a lot of new ____________(factory)in our city.
3. The big tree has green _______________(leaf)throughout the year.
4. There are fresh____________(photo)in the supermarket.
(2) 不规则变化
1. It’s good for us to brush our __________(tooth)after meals .
2. The three __________(spaceman)of Shenzhou VII spaceship were warmly welcomed in Hong Kong.
3. My grandma can’t see anything clearly without ___________(glass).
(3) 单复同形
1. Look at the picture, a lion is running after a group of ____________(deer)\
2. There are more _________(sheep) in Australia than in Japan.
(4).不可数名词
1. Mr. Smith always has some good pieces of __________(news) to tell us.
法则二：
1. Please tell me the __________(win) telephone number, I want to interview him/
2. --- Excuse me, where is the ___________(lady)room.
3. ----What’s the date today? -----it’s March 8.it’s ______________(woman).
4. I found something important in _________________(today).newspaper.
5. ----how far is your cousin’s home from here?
-----It’s about two____________(hour)drive.

三、代词
考点四.代词
1.
2.
1.人称代词
1. After finishing this task, you can get ____________(you)50yuan in return.
2. I don’t think the diamond belongs to _______________(she).
3. My idea is quite different from ____________(she)
4. Who teaches _____________(they) physics?
5. Do you teach ___________(you) English?
6. Come and warm __________(you) by the fire, Millie and Jane.
7. The film was so moving that all the students lost _________(they) in it .
8. Thanks to space satellites, the world ___________(it)is becoming a much smaller place.
课后练习：
1. but the waiter was very kind and_________(help)
2. she_______(see) by a coach of a famous team and was offered a scholarship to the _______(woman) basketball team of their college.
3. Unfortunately, the_________ (France) government did not like the first design ______(which) Otis showed them, and they would not let him put the elevator in.
4. Although Eiffel designed the tower for people to visit. it was also for _________(science) use.
5. it was already late when we started for the next town, which according to the_________(map)was about fifteen miles away on the other side of the hill.
6. after we had travelled for about twenty miles, there was still no __________(sign) of the town which was marked on the map, we were beginning to get __________(worry).
2. 不定代词
1. Parents, especially those of teenagers, care about their children’s education more than anything else, They would do __________(something) for their children.
2. Then a week later the telephone rang in the police station, and _________(nobody) said ,”you are looking for Hornby, aren’t you?
“yes”. Well, he left here for New York an hour ago.”
3. One week later, the horse returned. And it brought _________(other) three horses.
4. Some find jobs and stay.___________(other)don’t ,and go home again, or join the unemployed in London.
5. In our modern world, radios and televisions offer us lots of music, giving us enjoyment,(both) in a music lesson or at a concert.
6. ___________(both)of them is a teacher. They are both students.
7. Parents now spend _________(many) time in the office. so they don’t have much time to stay with their children.
四、数词