新版牛津译林8BUnit2Travelling知识点.doc

Unit 2 Travelling
PI Comic strip & Reading
1：Can I join you? 我能加入你吗？
• join v. 参加，加入
e.g: Every young man in the village joined the fight.
* join, join in, take part in 对比
① join +群体，组织
e.g: He joined the Party (党)last year.
② join in +活动
e.g: If you cannot attend, you can still join in the conversation.
③ take part in +（积极参加）活动，比赛
e.g: We still decided to take part in an important race across the Atlantic.

2. I miss you so much.
miss vt. 漏掉；错过；想念
e.g: She went to the station to meet her husband, but missed.
I'm going to miss her very much.

3：We’re having a fantastic time here.
have a fantastic time 玩的开心
相当于have a good time; enjoy oneself; have a lot of fun.
e.g: They come here to relax and have a good time.
=They come here to relax and enjoy themselves.
=They come here to relax and have fun.

4. It moved at high speed and was really exciting .
1). at high speed 以很快的速度=quickly
常用短语：at high/top/ full speed 高/最高/全速
at a/the speed of...以...速度
e.g: The car is driving at the speed of 120km/h.

4. It moved at high speed and was really exciting .
2）exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 由动词转变而来，
excited adj. 感到兴奋。
注：ing结尾的形容词用于修饰人/事，物 ed结尾的形容词表述人的心情。
e.g: We were excited at the exciting game.
类似的词有：动词加ed/ ing变为形容词：
v
surprise
excite
please
tire
Adj.令人...
surprising
exciting
pleasing(pleasant)
tiring
Adj. 感到...
surprised
excited
pleased
tired

5.We were screaming and laughing through the ride .
through the ride 全程
ride v. 骑马；乘；
n. 骑；乘坐；（乘坐汽车等的）旅行；
e.g: She got on her bike and rode quickly to school.
Let’s go for a bus ride.

6. We hurried to a restaurant to have a quick meal .
• hurry n. 匆忙，急忙
in a hurry 立即，匆忙 in no hurry 不着急；不匆忙
v. 仓促（做某事）；催促；（朝某方向）迅速移动；迅速处理
hurry up （使）赶快 hurry to do
e.g: We must hurry up, or we'll be late.
Students hurried to the playground to enjoy the exciting match.
注: hurry to do sth=do sth in a hurry 匆忙地去做某事

7. I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos.
1）run v. 行驶；奔跑；运转；经营
n. 奔跑；赛跑；趋向；奔跑的路程
e.g: His car runs through the streets at high speed.
Does your watch run well?
My business runs well.
常用短语:
run away 逃跑 run out 用完；耗尽；跑出；
run out of 跑出...用光...
run after 追赶

8. I bought a couple of key rings for classmates.
couple n. 对；夫妇；数个
a couple of 几个…；一对…
相当于a few, several, a small number of后面跟可数名词复数
young couple 青年夫妇 in couples 成对地
e.g: A couple of old women were chatting in the corner.
The old couple will spend the whole winter in the south.

9. At the end of the day, we watched the fireworks in front of the Sleeping Beauty Castle.
• end v. 结束，终止
end in 以…为结果；以…告终 end with 以...结束
e.g: They ended the discussion at 19:00 in the evening.
n. 结束，末端，终止
in the end 终于，最后 = at last = finally
by the end of 到……结束时；到……时为止；在……之前(常与完成时连用）
at the end of 在...结束的时候;在...的尽头(接时间或地点）
from beginning to end 自始至终
e.g: Our teacher ran over the main points at the end of each lesson.
Government decided to bring the programme through to the end.
Wall Street is at the southern end of the island.
【拓展】ending n. (故事、电影等的)结尾，结局，终结，毁灭

PII Grammar & Task
1. have/ has been to, have/ has gone to, have/ has been in的区别
• have/ has been to：曾经去过，强调以往的经历。
e.g: The old man has been to Egypt when he was young.
• have/ has gone to：去了某地，强调还没有回来。
e.g: ---Where is your uncle?
--- He has gone to the supermarket.
• have/ has been in：待在某地，住在某地。
e.g: We have been in here for one week.

2: since和 for 的用法区别和联系
(1)since的用法
A. since后可加时间点：They have been here since last week.
B. since引导时间状语从句时，后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时
e.g: They have learned English since they were 10 years old.
(2)for的用法：for后加一段时间。
e.g: They have learned English for ten years.
(3)since 和 for 用法的相互转换：for +一段时间= since+ 一段时间+ ago
e.g: They have learned English for ten years.
= They have learned English since ten years ago.
(4)对since和for的提问用how long。
e.g: ---How long have you been in Nanjing?
---For three years. / Since three years ago.

3. 延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法
（1）现在完成时与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。
翻译：这本书我从图书馆已经借了两个多星期了。
误：I have already borrowed the book for over two weeks.
正：I have already kept the book for over two weeks.
• 非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用时可采用将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词的方式。
• 如：come—be here；go—be there; die--be dead; borrow--keep; buy--have; join--be in(be a member);leave--be away等。
注：补充强调一下，非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，只是不能与一段时间连用。
非延续性动词
延续性动词
现在完成时形式
borrow
keep
She has kept this book for three weeks.
leave
be away
They have been away from home for two days.
arrive/reach/get/move
be in/at
Kitty has been in Hong Kong for a month.
come/go
be in/at
My mum has been in Beijing for two months.
begin/start
be on
The film has been on for an hour.
stop/finish/end
be over
The meeting has been over for two hours.
die
be dead
The lamb has been dead for some time.
join
be in/
be a member of
Simon has been a member of the Football Club since last year.
become
be
How long has your sister been a teacher?
open
be open
The shop has been open for ten hours.
close
be closed
The market has been closed since 2010.
buy
have
He has had this motorcycle for two years.
fall asleep
be asleep
The dog has been asleep for several hours.
catch a cold
have a cold
How long have you had a cold?
fall ill
be ill
Mike has been ill for ten years.
get married
be married
They have been married for fifteen years.
get up
be up
They have been up for two hours.
come back
be back
The lost cat has been back since last night.
go out
be out
The old man has been out since last Friday.