新概念英语复合不定代词(副词).doc

复合不定代词(副词)

定义：由some, any, every, no和one, body, thing ,where(副词)一起构成的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词代指的对象不确定或没必要提到或不愿意被提到。

构成： 不定代词
Somebody 某人
Someone 某人
Something 某物，某事
Anybody 任何人
Anyone 任何人
Anything 任何事物
Nobody 没有人
No one 没有人
Nothing 没有东西
Everybody 每个人
Everyone 每个人
Everything 一切

不定(副词)
Somewhere anywhere everywhere nowhere
He had nowhere to go. 他无处可去。
A few dollars goes nowhere now. 现在几块美元几乎买不到什么东西了。
I can't find my pen ,I've looked everywhere. 我到处找那支钢笔,可就是找不到。
We must find somewhere to live. 我们必须找个地方住下。
We welcome guests from anywhere. 我们欢迎四方宾客。

特点：
一、一般情况下，some构成的复合不定代词，其作用和some相同，用于肯定句；any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句；no构成的复合不定代词，同样可以用于肯定句但表示否定含义
I have something to tell you. 我有事要告诉你。
He didn’t say anything at the meeting yesterday. 昨天在会上他没发言。
There is nothing wrong with your ears.
There is nothing with your car
There is something wrong with your eyes.你的眼睛有毛病了
注意：由any构成的复合不定代词用在肯定句中的情况，带有“任何人，任何事”的意思
Anyone who breaks the law will be thrown into prison.
Anyone can do this job
注意：带有no的复合不定代词、副词相当于"not+any的复合不定代词（注意转换）
I saw nothing in the room.
=I didn't see anything in the room.我在屋子里什么也没看见
There's nobody there.
 = There isn't anybody there

二、复合不定代词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Everybody likes swimming. 每个人都喜欢游泳
Nobody knows his name. 没有人知道他的名字。
Not everyone likes English.
Everything begins to grow in spring.春天万物开始生长
Everything goes well. 一切顺利

三、不定代词的定语要后置。
Is there anything important in today’s newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？
I have something important to tell you.

四、something可用于提建议或请求的问句中，以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。
Would you like something to eat? 你要吃点东西吗？
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me? 你找人替我扛这箱子好吗？

五、一般情况下，用nothing 回答以what 开头的问题，nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题。
What’s on the table? Nothing.
Who is in the classroom? Nobody. ( No one).

复合不定代词(副词) 习题
根据句意，选用适当的复合不定代词、副词填空。（something, anything, nothing,everything, anybody, everybody, somebody, nobody, somewhere, anywhere,everywhere）
1. A:Is _________ here today?
B:Yes, we're all here. _________ is away.
2. A:Is there _________ in the red box?
B: No, there is _________ in it.
3. There is _________ wrong with my bike.It doesn't work.
4. Jim! _________ is waiting for you at the school gate.
5. In spring, _________ begins to grow.
6. There is _________ knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is.
7. The maths exam was very difficult. I don't think _________ could pass it.
8. I can't find my pen. I think _________ took it.
9. _________ is in the room, are they?
10. Does _________ live on that hill?
11. There's _________ new and important in today's newspaper.
12. —Who is in the classroom?
—It's empty. _________ is in it.
13. Maybe _________ put my pen _________ .I find it _________ , but I can't find it _________ .
14. We didn't go _________ else yesterday.They went _________ else, either.
15. Would you like _________ to drink?
16. We tried _________ , but _________ worked.

参考答案：
1.everybody, Nobody 2. anything, nothing 3.something 4.Somebody 5.everything 6.somebody 7.anybody 8.somebody 9.Nobody 10.anybody 11.something / nothing 12. Nobody 13.somebody, somewhere, everywhere, anywhere 14.anywhere, nowhere 15.something 16.everything, nothing