外研版八年级上M5知识点总结.doc

M5 Lao She Teahouse 知识点总结
●1　offer v. 提议；提出
Lingling offered to take me there./ The little boy offered the old man his seat.
offer一般指主动地提出。常用短语：offer sb. sth.(＝offer sth. to sb.)提供某物给某人； offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
●2　end n. (时间的)最后一段，末尾　v. 结束
…but in the end, we stayed for three hours./ The meeting will end at 6：30.
(1)end作名词，意为“终点，末尾，尽头”。We didn't leave until the very end.
(2)end作不及物动词，意为“结束，终止”。They ended the play with a song.
●3　How long did you stay? 你们待了多久？
该句中的how long用来询问时间的长短，意为“多长时间”，它还可以用来询问物体的长度。询问时间的长短，回答常用“For＋一段时间”，在现在完成时态中还可用“Since＋时间点”回答。
—How long have you stayed in Hefei?
—__For__ three years./__Since__ 2011.
●4　show v. 展示；显示　n. 演出；表演
The play has three acts and shows the lives of common people.
Please show me your new sweater.
show作动词时，常见用法为show sb. sth./show sth. to sb.，意为“把某物展示给某人”。如果sb.和sth.都是代词，只能用“show sth. to sb.”结构。show sb. around意为“带某人参观……”。
(2)show用作名词时，意为“展览，表演”，常用搭配为on show，意为“在展览”。
Many ancient relics are on show in the museum.
●5　common adj. 普通的；一般的
The play has three acts and shows the lives of common people.
[拓展] common还可以作名词。常见短语：have sth in common 共同；共有
He has a lot in common with his father.
●6　if conj. 如果；若
If you like the Beijing Opera, traditional music or magic shows, you can enjoy them at the teahouse.
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll go to the Great Wall.
if 是连词，意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后。如果放在主句前，从句要用逗号与主句隔开。若主句为一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
●7…and was named “the People's Artist”.
该句中的“was named”是被动语态，be named意为“被叫作……”，也可写成be called。其主动语态是name/call sb. sth.，意为“叫某人……”。
That street __is__ __named/called__ “Heping Street”．
We __name/call__ that boy Xiaoming.
●8　Lao She Teahouse gives a warm welcome to everyone......
该句中的“give a warm welcome to sb.”意为“热情地欢迎某人”，相当于“give sb. a warm welcome”。
We gave the American teacher a warm welcome at the party.
模块语法聚焦五
动词不定式(一)—动词不定式作宾语
l 可以接带“to＋动词原形”作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, decide, learn)，宁可假装计划(prefer, pretend, plan)，希望想要愿意(wish, hope, want, would like/love)。
We decided to talk to some students about why they went there.
He prefers to eat bread and rice./I'd love to visit Mexico.
l decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell等动词可用“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式短语”作宾语，但特殊疑问词why后面一般接从句。
Could you please tell me where to park my car?
(3)有些动词后既可接动词不定式，也可接v.­ing形式，有些表达的意义相同，如begin, start等，有些则不同。
①stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事/②stop doing sth. 停止做某事
③forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/④forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
⑤remember to do sth. 记得去做某事/⑥remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
⑦try to do sth. 努力做某事/⑧try doing sth. 尝试做某事

双宾语
1. 概念：在英语中，有些动词后可以接两个宾语，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语称为双宾语。
2. 结构：及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语/及物动词＋直接宾语＋to/for＋间接宾语。
3. 接双宾语的动词：可以接双宾语的动词很多，常见的有give, bring, lend, pass, send, show, leave, buy, tell, teach, sell等。
Can you pass me the salt?/Mr Wang teaches us English this term.
4. 直接宾语提前
(1)在具体表达中，我们可以把直接宾语提前，但要借助于介词to或for。
He gave me a present.＝He gave a present to me.
My parents bought me a new bike.＝My parents bought a new bike for me.
(2)双宾语中接to的动词有give, show, pass, lend, take, send, teach等；双宾语中接for的动词有buy, cook, read, get, sing, make等。

(　　)1.You are very tired. Please stop ________ a rest.
A.having　　B. to have C. has D. to having
(　　)2.Jackie asked me ________ anything.
A. not touch B. not touched C. not touching D. not to touch
(　　)3.Can you show us ________ a bike?
A．how to mend B．what to buy C．where to go D．how many to buy
(　　)My parents always tell me ________ more vegetables and fruit.
A. eat　 B. eating　 C. eats　 D. to eat
(　　)5.—You look so tired.
—My mother makes me________ playing the piano for 2 hours every day.
A. practice B. to practice C. practicing D. practiced