小升初英语复习归纳.doc

☆（一）名词
★名词单数变复数的规则：
1、 一般情况下直接在词尾加s ，如：boy-boys
2、 以s，x，sh，ch结尾的，在词尾加es。如： glass-glasses bus-buses box- boxes dish-dishes sandwich –sandwiches
3、 以o结尾的加es hero-heroes tomato –tomatoes potato-potatoes
其余以o结尾的加s， 如：photo- photos
4、 以f或fe结尾的，变f，fe 为v ，再加es 。如：shelf-shelves
5、 单复数同形，死性不改。fish-fish sheep-sheep Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
6、 辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加es。如： baby-babies lady-ladies family-families
7、 不规则
A. 把a变成e。如：man-men woman-women policeman-policemen
B. 把oo变成ee。如：foot-feet goose-geese tooth-teeth
C. 不规则：mouse-mice child-children
★练习：写出下列单词的复数形式。
1. boy _____________ 2. child ________________ 3. baby __________
4. shelf ____________ 5. man _______________ 6. woman _____________
7. bus _____________ 8.box ______________ 9. glass ______________
10.sandwich ____________________ 11. girl _____________________
12. goose ___________ 13. sheep _________________ 14. fish _______
15. hero ___________ 14. tomato ______________ 15. photo _________
16. piece ____________ 17. bottle ____________ 18. bowl ____________
★不可数名词的量的表示方法
不可数名词有：bread toast pasta noodles chips chicken fish pork beef beefsteak porridge soup salad rice water juice tea coffee milk broccoli
量词有：bowl bottle plate cup glass piece bag kilo half a kilo
单数： a + 量词 + of + 不可数名词 如： a cup of tea 一杯茶
复数： 数词+ 量词的复数形式 + of +不可数名词
如： two cups of tea 两杯茶
★练习：
1. 一片面包 a p__________ of b_____________
2. 两杯咖啡 two c___________ of _______________
3. 三碟牛肉 _________ _____________ ______ _______________
4. 四碗汤 ____________ ____________　＿＿＿＿＿　＿＿＿＿＿＿
5. 一杯水 ______ ______________　＿＿＿　＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
6. 两瓶牛奶 _______ _____________ ________ ______________
7. 三袋薯条 _________ ____________ _____ ________________
★ 可数名词的量的表示方法：
数词+ 名词的复数形式 如： three apples 三个苹果
数词+ 量词 + of +可数名词的复数形式 如 a kilo of apples 一公斤苹果
数词+量词的复数形式+of +可数名词的复数形式
如 two kilos of apples 两公斤苹果
练习：三袋西红柿 three b_________ of ___________________
2. 半公斤鸡蛋 h_________ a __________ of ______________
☆（二）动词
★动词加ing的规则
1. 一般情况下直接在词尾加ing 如：jump-jumping， study-studying
2. 以哑巴e结尾，去e加ing， 如write-writing
3. 一元一辅，买一送一，如sit-sitting， put-putting，begin-beginning
练习：给下列动词加ing
swim_________________ begin___________________
run _________________ sit _____________________
get ________________ dance ___________________
come ________________ have ___________________
jump ________________ climb ___________________
sing _________________ eat __________________
★ 现在进行时的特征、结构
★ 句子中有now, look, listen, it’s +时间，动词要加ing，
be + 动词+ ing， 一家三口不分离，少了一个出问题。
问句：be + 人物+ 动词+ing 否定句：be not +动词+ing
练一练：请用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Look, the boy ____________________(run) fast.
2. They are ______________________(play) basketball now.
3. Listen! The girl ___________________(sing) a birthday song.
4. It’s ten o’clock. We __________________(have) a P.E. lesson.
5. Are you ______________________(swim) in the swimming pool?
6. My mother ____________________(not cook) now.
★ 动词第三人称单数的变化规则
1. 一般情况下，直接在词尾加s，如：live- lives, get—gets
2. 辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加es，如：study-studies
3. 以o, sh，ch，结尾的动词，加es， 如：go-goes, wash-washes， watch-watches
练一练：写出下列单词第三人称单数的形式
come _______________ do ______________ brush _________________
study _______________ live _____________ watch _________________
play _______________ run ______________ jump __________________
★一般现在时的特征、结构：
句子中有often, usually, sometimes, never，always , every day，
一见he, she, it, s就到，问句加does ，动词用原形否定句doesn’t+动词原形
不见he, she, it, s就逃，问句加do，动词用原形，否定句don’t+ 动词原形
★ 练一练：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. The lady usually ______________ (get) up at 6:30 in the morning.
2. The man often ______________(go) to work by underground.
3. _________ they __________ (take) exercise in the park every morning?
4. The children __________________(not sleep) in class.
5. My mother ___________________ (not cook) every evening.
★选择题
( ) 1. My father always _______ up at half past six.
A. get B. gets C. getting
( ) 2. ________ the boy ________ TV every day?
A. Do … watch B. Does … watches C. Does … watch
( ) 3. Ben and Janet _________ Chinese and other subjects at school.
A. learn B. learns C. learning
( ) 4. A: ________ does Yongxian go to school? B: By bus.
A. How B. What C. Where
( ) 5. My mother _______ the housework every day.
A. did B. do C. does
( ) 6. The lion doesn’t _________ meat three times a day.
A. eats B. eat C. eating
( ) 7. He ________ a model every week.
A. makes B. is making C. made
( ) 8. Does the cat ________ a mouse every hour?
A. catch B. catching C. catches
( ) 9. What does he do? He usually ________ the earth to the hill.
A. carry B. carries C. carrys
( ) 10. My mother always _______ up at half past six.
A. get B. getting C. gets
( ) 11. She often _______ under a big tree and ________ books in the morning.
A. sit … reads B. sits … read C. sits …. Reads
( ) 12. ________ the boy _______ TV on weekdays?
A. Do … watches B. Does …. watch C. Do … watch
( ) 13. Their friend ______ to the park every two days.
A. go B. goes C. going
( ) 14. He never ______ a lot of water after he ______ football.
A. drinks … play B. drinks … plays C. drink …plays
( ) 15. ________ your mother ______ a car to get there every day?
A. Does … drive B. Do … drive C. Do … drives
( ) 16. He seldom _____ anything.
A. forget B. forgot C. forgets
( ) 17. She often ______ over when she _______ the baton.
A. falls … gets B. falls … get C. fall … gets
( ) 18. Janet ______ the dog every morning.
A. feed B. feeding C. feeds
( ) 19. My father _______ well every night.
A. doesn’t feel B. don’t feel C. doesn’t feels
( ) 20. A: ______ Ben’s grandmother often _________ VCD in the evening?
B: No, she doesn’t. She often ________ TV.
A. Do, watch, watch B. Does, watches, watches
C. Does, watch, watches
( ) 21. A: ______ John’s uncle usually ______ exercise at this time of day?
B: Yes, she ________.
A. Do, take, do B. Does, takes, does C. Does, take, does
( ) 22. A: Ann’s uncle often ________ tennis after school.
B: Yes. Look, he _____ tennis over there.
A. plays, is playing B. plays, plays C. play, is playing
( ) 23. A: My father usually _______ green tea.
B: My father ________ tea too. But he _______ black tea.
A. drink, likes, drink B. drink, like, drink C. drinks, likes, drinks
( ) 24. Kate ______ feel good today. She ______ take plenty of rest.
A. doesn’t, should B. doesn’t shouldn’t C. isn’t, should
( ) 25. A: Does your mother _______ swimming?
B: No, she ______.
A. like, doesn’t B. likes, doesn’t C. like, does
( ) 26. A: How often does Janet feed the cat?
B: ___________________.
A. She sometimes feed the dog. B. She feed it three times a day.
C. She feeds it three times a day.
( ) 27. The girl often _______ her homework at seven.
A. does B. doing C. do
( ) 28. He _________ the piano for one hour every day.
A. practice B. practices C. practicing
( ) 29. I like animals, so I _______ go to the zoo.
A. never B. often C. seldom
( ) 30. How does your mum go to work?
A. By car. B. In a bank. C. At 8:00.
★ 试一试，请你写一写爸爸或妈妈一天的作息时间。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
☆ （三）比较级、最高级
★ 形容词、副词比较级、最高级的规则
1. 一般情况下，直接在词尾加er，est， 如 fast –faster-fastest
2. 以e结尾，直接在词尾加r，st， 如： nice –nicer-nicest
3. 辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加er，est 如： pretty-prettier-prettiest
4. 一元一辅，买一送一，再加er，est，如： hot-hotter-hottest
5. 多音节词，more + 原形，most+原形
如： beautiful- more beautiful-most beautiful
6. 不规则： many-more-most much-more-most
good-better-best well-better-best
★ 练一练，写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式
cold ___________ ___________ small _________ ___________ new ________ _________
tall ___________ __________ short__________ ___________ old________ _________
weak _________ ___________ strong ___________ _________ high________ ________
fat___________ ___________ hot __________ ___________ big _________ ________
thin ________ ___________ wet _____ _ ___________ large____________________
nice ___________________ cute _________ __________ fine_________ __________
much ___________________ well ___________________ good ___________________
easy___________________happy___________________pretty____________________
dirty______________________ lovely_____________________heavy ___________________
ugly ________ ___________ long________ ___________ bright________ ___________
low________ ___________ clean________ ___________ young _______ ____________
cheap__________ ___________ early_________ ___________ tidy__________ __________
famous_____________ _____________ boring _____________ ____________
interesting ____________ _____________ important ___________ ______________
★ 句子中两者的比较用比较级，er和than不分离
★ 句子中有三个以上，用最高级，如：of all，of the three，in the ……
练一练：
1. Fred is the __________(short ) in his class .
2. My book is ________( new ) than my sister’s .
3. That piece of chicken is the ___________( heavy )in the fridge .
4. Her rule is ______(long), and it’s the _______(long)of ours all .
5. Is a fish _________(thin) than a bird ?
6. A rose tree isn’t _______( short ) than a pear tree .
7. The leopard can run _______( fast), but the cheetah can run _____( fast) than it . It can run ________( fast ) in the world .
8. Is she the ________(old ) woman in the world ?
9. Which is _______( big ), a dinosaur or a blue whale ?
The blue whale is _________( big ) than a dinosaur , it is the _______(big) animal in the world . And elephant is the ________(big) animal on land .
10. My father leaves home _______(early ) than me .
11. This zoo is much _______(good ) than the old one .
12. My brother is much _______(tall ) than my cousin .
13. The shoe shop is _________(near) the park .
14. This bag is very ________( heavy), but that one is _______(heavy) than this one . It’s the ________( heavy) of all .
15. Jiamin is _______( tall ). But Yongxian is _______( tall ) than him .
16. Our library has ________(many ) books than before .
17. I sing the _________( good ) in class .
18. The woman is the ________( fat ) of the three .
19. The cat is _________(fast), the horse is _______(fast) than the cat . The leopard is the _______(fast) of the three .
20. Chinese homework is ________(easy). Maths homework is _______(easy) than it . And English homework is the ______(easy)of all .
21. Which is ___________(heavy), a tiger , a lion or a bear ?
22. Which jumps ________(high ) , a kangaroo or a monkey ?
☆（四）一般将来时
★句子中有tomorrow，next，this evening, this morning , this afternoon, on your holiday
be going to +动词原形 或者will+单词原形
练一练：
1. What _________ you ____________________( do ) on your holiday?
2. I ______________________(play) football with my friend tomorrow afternoon.
3. My mother and I __________________(clean ) our garden tomorrow afternoon.
4.Next Saturday all the pupils in my class ________________(go) to Mike’s party.
5.Where ________your parents __________________(have ) lunch tomorrow?
l 请根据下面的时间，写出自己要做的事情。
1) I’m going to ___________________________________ after school.
2) _____________________________________________ this weekend.
3) I will __________________________________________ this evening.
4) _________________________________________ on school holiday.
l 请根据下面的时间，写出爸爸、妈妈要做的事情。
1) My father is going to _______________________________ after work.
2) My father ___________________________________ this weekend.
3) My mother will ___________________________________ tomorrow.
4) My mother ____________________________________ this Sunday.
☆（五）序数词
★基数词变序数词的规则
基变序，有规律，1,2,3，特殊记，1st， 2nd， 3rd，从4起，
加th，ve用f代替，8去t， 9去e，ty变成tie，遇到几十几，变各位就可以。
l 请根据缩写的提示，仿照例子完成下面的表格。
1st
first
11th

21st

2nd

12th

22nd

3rd

13th

23rd

4th

14th

24th

5th

15th

25th

6th

16th

26th

7th

17th

27th

8th

18th

28th

9th

19th

29th

10th

20th

30th

31st

★序数词的前面一定要用the
★序数词与基数词的区别：序数词表示顺序，基数词表示数量。如three apples三个苹果，the third apple 第三个苹果（表示的数量只有一个）
练一练: 1.I have _______________(four) friends.
2. The __________(two) boy is my brother.
☆（六）have， has ，there is ，there are 的用法
Have has 表示某人有某物
there is ，there are 表示某处有某物
have, has 都是有，可是用法却不同，
I，you，we ，they 用have，
只有he，she， it用has
there is +单数或不可数名词
there are + 复数
☆（七）some , any, still ，yet, too，either，also的用法
some， any
still ，yet
too， either， also
some 用于肯定句
any用于否定和疑问句
Is there any water in the bottle?
There are some beef in the fridge.
still用于问句和肯定句
yet 用于否定句
如：Are you still working there？
Dinner isn’t ready yet.
Too 用于问句和肯定句
either用于否定句
too和either放于句末
also放于句子中
如： We also have seven gold medals.
☆（八）at， on， in 表示时间时的用法
at 用于点钟的前面
at+地点
on +星期
on 用于具体日期的前面
in 用于一天的某段时间
in+季节，in+月份
in +年 in+颜色
如 at seven o’clock
at school
at Jimmy’s
如： on Sunday
On February 1st
如 in the morning
in autumn
in January
in 1990 in red
☆（九）句子的回答技巧
1、问人用who
男单数： Who is the man? the man是男的，用he代替， 再采用交换原则
He is ……
女单数： Who is the lady？the lady是女的， 用she代替， 再采用交换原则
She is……
复数Who are the women？the women是复数，用they 代替，再采用交换原则
They are …….
2、问物主用whose
单数： Whose is the cap? 或Whose cap is this？物品的单数用it 代替，
It’s +人名’s. 或直接写人名’s
复数：Whose are the caps？ 或Whose caps are these？物品的复数用they代替
They are +人名’s. 或直接写人名’s
3、问职业
男的：What does your father do？=What’s your father’s job?
He’s a/an + 职业的词.
女的： What does your mother do?=What’s your mother’s job?
She’s a/an + 职业的词.
复数： What do they do? They are + 职业的词的复数形式.
4、 问理想
What do you want to be when you grow up?
I want to be a/ an +职业的词.
5、 问价格
单数： How much is the blouse? =How much does the blouse cost?
It’s + 数词+货币单位. 或直接写数词+ 货币单位.
复数： How much are the carrots?= How much do the carrots cost?
They are + 数词+ 货币单位. 或直接写数词+ 货币单位.
6、 问哪个更便宜
Which is cheaper？ The …….
7、 问加法
What is 数词 and 数词？ It’s + 数词. 或直接写数词.
8、 问正在干什么
问你：What are you doing？ are you 变I am I am +动词+ing.
问男的：What is the man doing? the man变成he He is +动词+ing.
问女的：