中考典型同义、近义和词组.doc

中考典型同（近）义词组 1. a little-a bit(of)
2. a lot of/lots of-many; much ;a number of
3. across-from one side to the other
4. agree-say yes when someone has to do something
5. almost-nearly
6. alone-on one’s own/by oneself
7. also-too
8.always-all the time
9. among-in the middle of
10. Address -the name of the place where you live
11. around-all over
12. Arrive (at/in)-reach :get(to)
13. at first –in the beginning
14. at last –in the end
15. at noon –in the middle of the day
16. at once –right away; right now
17. at times –sometimes
18. at the moment –right now/now
19. be in –be at home
20. be out –be not at home
21. be from –come from
22. be good at –do well in
23. be back – come back
24. be able to –can
25. be filled with –be full of
26. be lost –get lost
27. be amazed at-be surprised at
28. be interested in –like to know and learn about
29.be pleased-be glad ;be happy
30. be careful –look out; take care
31. be over –finish; end
32. be quick –be in a hurry
33. be all right –get well
34. be weak in –be not good at
35 .be top –be the best
36. beside –next to
37. begin –start
38. borrow –get something from somebody
39. bright –clever
40. by air –by plane
41. by now –so far
42. cook –make dinner
43. cry –shout with tears
44. cover –to put one thing over another
45. carry –take up something and move it from one place to another
46. cost –have as a price
47.copy –try to do (write)the same as others
48. call –ring up; phone; ring; give somebody a call/ring.
49. catch a bus –take a bus
50. catch a cold -have a cold
51. century –one hundred years
52. Christmas –December 25th
53. center –a middle part of point
54. catch up with –come up from behind
55 .certainly –of course
56. cross –go across
57. common –general
58. dirty –not clean
59. difficult –not easy;hard
60. different –not the same
61. do the shopping –go shopping;do some shopping
62. do one’s best –try one’s best
63. drop –throw;stop doing something
64. dress –to put clothes on (oneself or someone)
65. enjoy oneself –have a good time
66. enjoy –like
67. empty –have nothing inside
68. expensive –costing a lot of money;not cheap;dear
69. even though –even if
70. everywhere –here and there
71. end -be over
72. except –but
73. fall behind –fail to catch up
74. fast –quick;quickly
75. fail –not pass
76. fill -make or become full
77. fly –move through the air
78. friendly –kind
79. first of all –at first
80. fall off –drop from
81. feel like doing –would like to do;want to do
82. follow –go behind
83.get up –be up from bed;rise from bed
84. get to sleep-fall(be)asleep
85. go by air –fly (out)
86. get out –bring/take (out)
87. go on –last ;not stop ;continue
88. go on foot –walk to
89.give back –return
90. glad –pleased or happy
91. give…..a hand –help
92. given name –first name
93. give up –stop
94. go shopping –do some shopping
95. get into –enter
96. have no idea –don’t know
97. have a look –look ;take a look
98. have a seat –take a seat
99.hear from –get/receive a letter from
100. hardly –almost not
101.hurry –be quick ;move fast to get somewhere
102. hands up –put up one’s hands
103. hold a sports meeting –have a sport meeting
104. hold on –wait a moment(often on the phone)
105. have a drink –drink
106. have a swim –swim
107. hard –difficult
108. hand –pass
109. happen –take place
110. in front of –before
111. join –become a number of
112. just –only
113. just then –just at that moment
114. just now –a short time ago
115. knock –hit hard
116. kick –to hit with the foot
117. knowledge –learning
118. knock on –knock at
119. look for –try to find
120. leave –go away from
121. look after –take care of
122. look out –be careful;take care
123. litter…about –throw about
124. must –have to
125. more or less –about
126. medicine –something given a sick person to make him better
127. many /much –a lot of/lots of
128. make up one’s mind –decide
129.mention –take about
130. make sure –find out
131. on longer –not ….any longer
132. no more –not ….any more
133. nervous –worried
134. nearly –almost
135.one more –another one
136. over –more then
137. on show –on display
138. on –about
139. pay –give money to something
140. prefer….to …/like…better than…
141.put up –raise
142. problem –questions
143. person -a man;a woman or a child
144.parent –father or mother
145. perhaps –maybe
146. pleased –happy;glad
147. plenty of –much;lots of
148. quarter –fifteen minutes
149. a quarter-one-fourth
150. quite a few –many
151. retell –say again in one’s word
152. run –to move on one’s feet very quickly
153. receive –get
154. return – give…..back; get back
155.right away –at once
156.rather –quite
157.rest –a break
158.send for –ask somebody to come
159. see a film –go to the cinema
160.stop –keep form moving
161. stop doing –give up doing
162. smile –to laugh without opening the mouth
163. save –to make safe from danger
164. several –a few
165. soon -in a short time;before long; in a minute
166.sometimes –at times
167. spring –the first season of the year
168.spend on -pay for
169.shut down –turn down
170. shut –close
171. speak highly of –praise
172.sooner or later –very soon
173. teach –give lessons to somebody
174. .teach oneself –learn by oneself
175. travel –go from place to place
176. twice –two times
177. thanks to –because of ;with one’s help
178. take one’s time –don’t hurry
179. wash - make clean with water
180.win –be the best or first in a race
181. walk on -go on walking
182. work on –go on working
183. wash the clothes –do the (some) washing
184. wear –have clothes on the body
185. weak –not strong enough
186. wonderful –great
187. whoever –no matter who
188.wherever –no matter where
189. whenever –no matter when

中考典型反义词（组）
1 .at first –at last
2 .all –none
3 .ask – answer
4 .above –below
5 .always –never
6 .asleep – awake
7 .big/large –small
8 .bright –interesting
9 .boring -interesting
10 .bring –take
11 .buy –sell
12 .both –neither
13 .begin –finish
14 .borrow –lend
15 .before –after
16 .best – worst
17 .better –worse
18 .black –white
19. clever /bright –foolish
20 .careful –careless
21 .carefully –carelessly
22 .clean –dirty
23 .cool –warm
24 .come –go
25 .come in –go out
26 .come here –go there
27 .cry -laugh
28 .cold –hot
29 .catch –miss
30 .day –night
31 .deep –low
32 .dead –living
33 .dry –wet
34 .dear/expensive –cheap
35 .dark –light
36 .difficult – easy
37 .early -late
38 .east -west
39 .eastern –western
40 .entrance –exit
41 .end –beginning
42 .friend –enemy
43 .front –back
44 .find –lose
45 .full –hungry/empty
46 .famous –unknown
47 .fat-thin
48 .far –near
49 .father –nearer
50 .farthest –nearest
51. get on-get off
52 .good –bad
53 .hard –soft/easy
54 .here –there
55 .high –low
56 .ill –healthy/well
57 .illness –health
58. in –out
59 .inside –outside
60 .in front of –behind
61 .in the daytime –at night
62 .in class –out of class
63 .long –short
64 .little -big
65 .left –right
66 .live –die
67 .like –dislike
68 .many –few
69 .much –little
70 .more –fewer/less
71 .most –least/fewest
72 .man –woman
73 .noisily -quietly
74 .noisy –quiet
75 .narrow –wide
76 .new –old
77 .now -then
78 .over –under
79 .open –close/closed
80 .on –off
81.old –young
82 .push –pull
83 .poor –rich
84 .pass –fail
85 .put on –take off
86 .quickly/fast –slowly
87 .quick/fast –slow
88 .right-wrong
89 ,receive –send
90 .remember –forget
91 .side –center
92 .son –daughter
93 .stand –sit
94 .start –finish
95 .stand up –sit down
96 .strong –weak
97 .south –north
98 .southern –northern
99 .safety –danger
100 .safety -dangerous
101. sad –happy/pleased
102 .same –different
103 .sadly –happily
104 .tall –short
105 .teach –learn/study
106 .turn on –turn off
107 .throw –catch
108 .this –that
109 .these –those
110 .thick –thin
111 .usual –unusual
112 .usually –unusually
113 .unhappy –happy
114 .upstairs –downstairs
115 .unlike –like
116 .wake –sleep
117 .wake up –go to sleep
118 .with –without
119 .work –rest
120 .yes –no

4. 初中英语常用动词短语
A
1 agree with sb.同意某人的意见
2 argue with sb 和某人争吵
3 arrive on/at 到达
4 ask for要求
B
5 break down (机器)出故障
6 break into 破门而入
7 break out (战争、灾难等)突然发生
8 break off 中断，突然停止
C
9 call sb (up)给某人打电话
10 call for 要求，需要
11 call on sb 拜访某人
12 call at sp 拜访某地
13 care about 在乎、关心、关注
14 care for 照顾，关心，喜欢
15 catch up with 赶上
16 catch a cold 感冒
17 change one’s mind 改变主意
18 change…..into… 把…变成….
19 cheer up 使振作起来，使高兴起来
20 clean out 把（某物）内部彻底打扫干净
21 clean up 打扫（或清除）干净
22 come along 一起来，到达
23 come on 加油，快点
24 come in 取得（名次），流行
25 come out 出版、发表
26 come back 回来
27 come from 来自
28 come over to…顺便来访
29 come true 实现
30 come up with 想出、提出
31 consider ….as….. 把…..看做….
32 cut in 打断，插嘴
D
33 deal with 处理，应付
34 depend on 依赖，依靠
35 divide…..into …. 把…..分成……
36 do some cleaning 打扫
37 dream of /about 梦想
38 dress up 打扮
39 dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
40 drop by /in 顺便拜访
E
41 enjoy oneself 玩得痛快，过得快乐
F
42 fall in love with 爱上
43 fall asleep 睡着，入睡
44 fall behind 落后
45 fall down 落后
46 fall into 掉进……里
47 fall off 从…. 掉下来
48 feed on 以….为食
49 feel like doing sth 想做某事
50 find out 发现，查明（真相）
51 fly a kite/kites
G
52 get to 到达
53 get up 起床，起身
54 get on /off 起床、起身
55 get back 回来
56 get along with sb 与某人和睦相处
57 get lost 迷路
58 get out of 从…..出来
59 get together 相聚，聚会
60 get home 到家
61 get sth in 收割（庄稼等）
62 get into trouble 陷入困境
63 get over 克服
64 get/be ready for 为……作准备
65 get married 结婚
66 give away 捐赠
67 give a talk 作演讲
68 give back 回来
69 give in 屈服，让步
70 give sb a lesson 给某人一个教训
71 give out 分发、散发
72 give up 放弃
73 give sb a hand 帮某人的忙
74 give sb a lift 让某人搭便车
75 ge to bed 上床睡觉
76 go to sleep 入睡
77 go to school 上学
78 go to work 上班
79 go home 回家
80 go by (时间)流逝
81 go on 继续
82 go back 回去
83 go away 离开
84 go off 熄灭
85 go through 通过
86 go down 下降
87 go up 上升，增长
88 go over 仔细检查，复习
89 grow up 长大
H
90 hand in 上交，递交
91 hand out 分发
92 hang on 稍等，别挂电话，坚持
93 hang out 泡在某处，闲逛
94 hang up 挂断电话
95 happen to sb / sth 遭到，遇到
96 have to 不得不
97 have a walk 散步
98 have a headache 头痛
99 have fun/a good time 玩得愉快
100 have a cold 患感冒
101 have a fever 发烧
102 have/take a look 看一看
103 have a rest 休息
104 have a try 试一试
105 hear of/about 听说
106 hear from sb 收到某人的来信
107 help oneself to 请随便吃、用……
108 hold on 不挂电话
109 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
110 hurry up 快点
I
111 insist on 坚持
K
112 keep away from 远离
113 keep a promise 遵守承诺
114 keep…..from 阻止
115 keep fit 保持健康
116 keep up with 跟上
117 keep on 继续
118 keep out 使不进入，阻止进入
119 keep quiet 保持安静
120 knock into 撞上
121 knock on /at 敲（门）
122 know about 了解
123 know well 熟悉
L
124 laugh at 嘲笑
125 learn from 向….学习
126 learn about 了解
127 learn….by oneself 自学
128 leave a message 留口信
129 lie down 躺下
130 listen to 听
131 live on 靠（….钱）生活
132 look over 检查
133 look at 看
134 look through 浏览
135 look up 向上看，（在词典中）查 找
136 look after 照顾
137 look for 寻找
138 look around 向四周看
139 look forward to 期待
140 look like 看起来像
141 look the same 看起来一样
M
142 make a decision 作出决定
143 make friends with 与……交朋友
144 make a living 谋生
145 make a noise 吵闹，发牢骚
146 make mistakes/a mistake 犯错误
147 make one’s bed 铺床
148 make up one’s mind 下定决心
149 make progress 取得进步
150 make faces/a face 做鬼脸
151 make tea 沏茶
152 make up 构成，组成
153 make sure 确保，查明
154 make fun of 取笑
155 make oneself at home 别拘束
156 make /earn money 挣钱
157 make a promise 许下承诺
158 marry sb 与某人结婚
159 mistake……for…..把……误认为是….
P
160 pay for 付钱
161 pay attention to 注意，留心
162 pay back 偿还
163 pick up 拾起，捡起，（开车）接人
164 pick out 挑出
165 play with/against sb 同某人比赛
166 point at 指向，瞄准
167 point to 提示，预示
168 point out 指出
169 prepare for sth 为某事做准备
170 prevent sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事
171 protect …. From….保护….免遭 ….
172 provide sb with sth =provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
173 put away 把….收起来
174 put up 举起，挂起，搭起，张贴
175 put out 熄灭，扑灭
176 put on 穿上
177 put off 推迟
178 put down 放下
179 put back 放回原处
R
180 receive a letter from sb 收到某人的来信
181 regard ….as…. 把…..看做…..
182 remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事
183 reply to 回复，答复
184 return sth to …. 把某物还给….
185 return to sp 返回某地
186 ring sb（ up） 给某人打电话
187 run off 跑掉，迅速离开
188 run out off 用完，用尽
189 run after 追赶
S
190 save one’s life 挽救某人生命
191 save money 省钱，存钱
192 say good bye to sb 向某人告别
193 say hello to 向….问好
194 search for 搜寻
195 seem like 看起来像
196 sell out 卖光
197 send away 开除，解雇
198 send for 派人去请
199 send out 分发，发出（光，信号，声音等）
200 send up 发射
201 set out 出发，着手
202 set up 建立
203 set off 出发
204 show sb around 带领某人参观
205 show off 炫耀
206 show up 出现，露面
207 speak to /with sb 同某人说话
208 stand up 起立，站起来
209 start with 以…..开始
210 stay away from 远离
211 stay /keep healthy 保持健康
212 stay up 熬夜
213 stay at home 待在家里
214 stop sb (from )doing sth 阻止某人做某事
215 succeed in doing sth 成功的做某事
T
216 take place 发生
217 take the place of 代替
218 take down 记录
219 take over 接收，接管
220 take /have /show an interest in
对…..感兴趣
221 take some medicine 吃药
222 take a message for sb 给某人捎口信
223 take off 起飞，脱掉
224 take away (从餐馆买饭菜等)带回食用
225 take out 切除，毁灭
226 take care 当心
227 take care of 照顾
228 take it easy 沉住气，别过分劳累
229 take a walk 散步
230 take part in 参加
231 take turns 轮流
232 take pride in 为…..自豪
233 talk about 谈论
234 talk to /with sb 和某人交谈
235 tell a joke 讲笑话
236 tell a story 讲故事
237 tell a lie/lies 说谎
238 think of 记得，想起，对…..持有看法
239 think about 考虑
240 think over 仔细考虑
241 try one’s best 尽力
242 try on 试穿
243 turn on 打开
244 turn off 关闭
245 turn up 调高
246 turn down 调低
247 turn right 右拐
248 turn left 左拐
U
249 use up 用完
W
250 wait for 等候
251 wait in line 排队等候
252 wake up 醒来
253 wake sb up 唤醒某人
254 worry about 为….而担心

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