牛津上海八下8BUnit4Newspapers知识点梳理.doc

8B Unit 4 Newspapers
P53
1. sit v. 坐 –sat—sat—seat n. 座位
2. a pile of newspapers 一堆报纸 two piles of… 两堆…….
3. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 请某人（不要）做某事
4. a composition on newspapers 一篇关于报纸的文章 a composition =an article
5. news n. 新闻（不可数） a piece of news two pieces of news
6. newspaper n. 报纸（可数） a newspaper two newspapers a school newspaper 一份校报
7. write v.—wrote—written—writing—writer n. 作者；作家
P54
1. section n. 部分=part different sections =different parts 不同的部分
2. headline(s) n. 大字标题；新闻提要 passage n. 章节；段落
3. come from = be from 来自于 He is from…=He comes from… We are from…=We come from…
4. local a. 当地的 local news 当地新闻 local snacks 当地小吃
5. UN 联合国：the United Nations的缩写
6. be short of v. 缺少；缺乏 be short of cash 缺乏现金；现金不足
7. announce v. 宣布—announcement n. an announcement 一个通告
8. walk down the street 沿街散步
9. nobody= not anybody= no one 后+does/ is (三单)
10. recognize v. 认出 Nobody recognized him. 没有人认出他。
11. lips n. 嘴唇 be on everybody’s lips 众口相传
e.g. His name was on everybody’s lips. 他的名字挂在每个人的嘴上。/他的名字众口相传
12. well-known a. 有名的；著名自=famous –better known (比较级)—the best known (最高级)
13. one of the best known scientists 最著名的科学家之一
14. consider v. think about carefully考虑；把……看作—considerate a. 体谅的；深思熟虑的—inconsiderate a. 不替别人着想的；考虑不周的—﹡considerable a. 该注意的；应考虑的
15. inconsiderate passengers不替别人着想的乘客们
16. stand v. –stood—stood 站立；忍受
17. not…any more= not…any longer =no longer 不再……；再也不……
18. I can’t stand it any more. =I can’t stand it any longer.=I can no longer stand it. 我再也不能忍受了。
19. Sb. spend time (in) doing sth./ on sth.= It takes sb. time to do sth. 某人花时间做某事
20. queue up v. 排队等候 =wait in line jump the queue 插队
21. queue up for a bus 排队等车
22. push v. 推—pull v. 拉 push to get on 挤上车
23. get on 上车—get off 下车
24. get into the car/ taxi ---get out of the car/ taxi 上（下）小汽车/ 出租车
25. fair a. 公平的；公正的—unfair a. 不公平的 be unfair to sb. 对某人不公平
26. proper a. 适当的；正当的—properly adv. queue up properly 正当排队
27. give sb. a lesson 给某人一个教训 –gave—given
28. should do =ought to do 应该做 shouldn’t do =ought not to do 不应该做
29. self-discipline n. 自我修养；自律 give sb. a lesson in self-discipline 在自律方面给某人一个教训
30. intelligent a. 聪明的；智能的=clever =smart =bright
31. intelligent traffic systems 智能交通系统
32. set up v. 建立= put up set—set—set—setting
33. in Pudong New District 在浦东新区
34. improve v. 改善；改进；提高= make better —improvement n.
35. traffic flow n. 交通流量 flow n. 流量 flow v. 流动—flowed—flowed
36. win v. 赢；获胜—won—won –winner n. 胜利者
37. competition n. =contest 竞赛 take part in a competition/ contest 参加竞赛
38. probably adv. =maybe =perhaps =possibly 也许；可能；大概
P55
1. soon a. 很快；不就 =before long =in no time how soon 多久以后
soon after 不久之后；稍后
2. term n. 学期 this term 这个学期 last term 上个学期 next term 下个学期
3. Grade Eight students =students of Grade Eight 八年级的学生
4. want to do =would like to do 想要做某事 He would like to do =He wants to do
5. publish a newspaper 出版一份报纸 publishing house 出版社；出版公司
6. hold a meeting =have a meeting 开一次会 hold v. –held—held 举行；容纳；抓住
7. late a. 晚的；迟到的 be late for class/ school/ work 上课/学/班迟到 two minutes late 迟到两分钟
8. later adv. 后来 two minutes later =after two minutes 两分钟后
9. headmaster n. 校长---headmistress n. 女校长
10. after school 放学后 after class 下课后 after work 下班后
11. be at the meeting 在开会 speak at the meeting 在会上发言
12. decide to do =make up one’s mind to do 决定做 decide not to do 决定不做…...
decision n. 决心 make a decision 做一个决定；作出决定
13. elect v. choose by voting 选举；推选 –election n.
e.g. elect her/ him monitor of our class 选/她/他当我班的班长
14. chief a. = main =most important 主要的
15. edit v. 编辑；校订—editor n. (报刊，杂志的)编辑---edition n. 版本；（报纸、杂志的）一份
16. the chief editor 主编
17. suggest v. 建议—suggestion n. some useful suggestions 一些有用的建议
18. suggest (that) sb. (should) do 建议某人做某事 （常写成:suggest sb(主格) do ）
e.g. They suggest we visit the Bund at night. 他们建议我们晚上参观外滩
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
19. choose v. –chose—chosen 选择—choice n. a good choice
20. experience n. 经历；经验---experienced a. 有经验的 an experienced worker 一个经验丰富的工人
experience表示“经验”时不可数，如：much experience 许多经验
She has no experience. 她没有经验。
表示“经历”时可数，如：a new experience an unforgettable experience 一次难忘的经历
21. an editor of her class 她班上的一个编辑
22. vote for her 投她一票 secret vote 不记名投票 We all voted for her. 我们都投了她的票。
23. elect Joyce to be the chief editor 选乔伊斯当主编
24. take charge of the meeting =be in charge of ~ =be responsible for ~负责会议
25. ought to do（情态动词）：应该做某事---ought not to do
26. secret n. 秘密---secretary n. 秘书
27. ask for sth. 请求…；要求… ask for help 请求帮助
28. … too =…as well =as well as =not only…but also =both…and =So do/ does sb.
29. I was secretary of the Reading Club. 我是读书俱乐部的秘书
30. the others =the rest =the other +复数名词 ：其余的；剩余的
31. other a. 别的 后+（名词）复数； others n. 别人；别的 后不可以+名词
the others n. =the rest 其余的 后不可以+名词
the other n. 另一个; a. 另一个……后+（名词）单/复
another a. 再一个；另一个；又一个 后+（名词）单/复
32. one…the other…一个……另一个……（用于两者）
33. in my/ his /her other hand 在我 /他/ 她的另一个手上
34. some…others….有的…有的…；一些……，一些……
35. some…the others….一些……其余的……
36. one after another 一个接一个 =one by one
37. one…another…the third…一个……另一个……第三个……
38. I was elected to be the secretary. 我被选为秘书。 （was /were +done 过去时的被动语态）
39. start taking notes =start to take notes 开始记笔记
40. the other three 另外三个人
41. different sections =different parts 不同的部分/版块
42. Pansy asked which sections they would have. =Pansy asked which sections to have.
（wh-词+ sb. will/would/ should/ can do= wh-词+ to do ）
43. tell sb. (not) to do 叫某人（不）做某事 tell—told--told
44. talk …over :discuss…carefully 详细讨论；详谈
45. between prep. 在两者之间 among prep. 在……中 （用于三者或以上）
46. at the next meeting 在下一次的会议上
47. make a list of… 列一张……的清单
48. some other things =something else 一些别的事情
49. discuss v. 讨论 =talk about ---discussion n.
50. for example 例如 一般后有“，”+句子 such as +sth.或doing sth.
51. how often 多久一次 （对“几次+ 一段时间”的提问）
52. be free to readers 对读者免费
53. free a. 有空的；免费的 be free =have time 有空 ask for free rides 要求免费搭乘（车，船）
54. ◆ cost 物花钱 e.g. The book cost me 25 Yuan.
◆ pay 人花钱 ( paid---paid ) I paid 25 Yuan for the book. 我花了25元买这本书。
◆spend人花钱 ( spent—spent ) I spent 25 Yuan on the book.
◆take 物/事花时 (took—taken) It took me two hours to do my homework.
55. call it= name it 给它取名为…；称它… be called 被叫做；被称为
56. mirror n. 镜子 look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子
57. brief a. 简短的—briefly adv. :shortly or quickly 短暂地
58. whether conj. 是否 =if whether…or…是…..还是…..
whether or not ：无论；是否；不管
59. different ideas =different views 不同的观点
60. be different from 与……不同 many differences 许多差别
61. think about doing 考虑做某事 –thought—thought
62. a bit= a little 有点；一点 e.g. a bit cold 有点冷 a bit longer 长一点(点)；久一点(点)
63. agree to do 同意做某事 ---disagree 不同意 agree with sb. 同意某人
I couldn’t agree more. 我完全同意。
64. conclude v. =come to the end/ finish （使）结束；终止；断定---conclusion(s) n. 结论
65. conclude the meeting 结束这次会议
66. arrange v. 安排---arrangement(s) n. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事
67. the next meeting 下一次会议
68. in one week’s time =in one week 一周之内；一周后 (How soon提问)
P56
1. work it /them out 把它（们）解答出来 work out = solve 解决；解答
2. badminton captain 羽毛球队长 play badminton 打羽毛球
3. need v. –necessary a. 必要的—unnecessary a. 不必要的
4. It’s necessary for us to plant trees every year. 我们每年种树是必要的。
5. It is + adj. + of sb.+ to do sth. 若结构中的形容词是指不定式逻辑主语的特征、品质、能力的，
形容词后的介词就用“of”。
e.g. It’s honest/ foolish/ clever/patient/ kind/ nice / friendly/ brave of you to do sth.
6. work as a secretary =be a secretary 担任秘书
e.g. He has worked as a manager for one year. =He has been a manager for one year.
7. discuss sth. with sb. =talk about sth. with sb. 跟某人谈论某事
P57
1. happen v.=take place 发生 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 happen to sb. 发生在某人身上
2. during the meeting 在会议期间---duration n. 持续时间 the duration of the film
3. refer to v. 指的是；参考
4. popular a. 流行的；受欢迎的 be popular with/ among students 受学生欢迎的
5. agree on ideas 意见相同
agree on 表示在某方面或某一点上达成或取得一致意见
P58
﹡1. modal verbs 情态动词
2. be similar in meaning 在意思上相近
3. much rubbish 许多垃圾
4. right away =right now =at once =immediately 立刻马上
5. as soon as possible =as soon as one can 尽可能快地
e.g. We should read English as often as possible. =We should read English as often as we can.
6. need batteries for the recorder 需要录音机的电池
7. start to publish =start publishing 开始出版
P59
1. visit v./ n. 参观；拜访 visit the factory v. a visit to the factory n.一次到工厂的参观
2. WenHui Daily 文汇日报
3. at the school entrance 在学校入口处
4. wear a uniform 穿制服 –wore—worn wear v. 穿（戴）着 put on 穿（戴）上
5. behave well 表现好—behavior n. 行为；举止
6. a washing machine 一台洗衣机
7. staff n. 全体职员 （staff是一个复数名词，后+ are/ do）
8. be happy / glad /pleased to do sth. 很高兴做某事
9. type v. 打字—typist n. 打字员---typewriter n. 打字机
10. cook n. 厨师；v. 煮；做菜---cooker n. 炊具；炉灶---cookery n. 烹饪学；烹饪术
e.g. cookery books/ lessons/ programs
11. print v. 印刷---printer n. 印刷机；打印机
12. rob v. 抢—robber n. 强盗---robbery n. 抢劫案 rob sb. of sth. 抢了某人某物 rob—robbed
13. steal v. –stole—stolen 偷 steal sth. from sb. 从某人那里偷了某物
14. president n. 总统
15. burn down v. 烧毁 burn v.—burnt—burnt—burning a. sunburnt a. 晒黑的
16. according to … 根据；按照
P60
1. a writing competition 一个写作竞赛 competition= contest
2. award n. 奖品
3. stamp collecting n. 集邮 collect stamp v. 集邮
4. opinion n. =idea =view n. 观点；主张
5. attract v. 吸引---attractive a. 吸引人的---attraction(s) n. 吸引人的事物
6. thank you for joining us 感谢你加入我们
7. even if 即使
P61
1. after doing =after sb do before doing =before sb. do when doing =when sb. doing
2. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 some invitations 几张请柬
3. appreciate v. 欣赏；感激
4. at the moment =now= at present 现在；此刻
5. sound reasonable 听起来合理
6. learn from 向……学习—learnt--learnt
P62
1. make some/ a few mistakes 犯些错误 correct the mistakes 改正错误
2. annual a. 每年的 a League member 一个团员
3. all over the city =throughout the city =around the city =the whole city= everywhere in the city整个城市
4. march around the streets 在街道上游行
5. form v./ n. 形成；形式 helicopter n. 直升飞机 fly over 飞过—flew--flown
6. act v. 扮演；行动—actor n. 男演员—actress n. 女~--action n. 行动—activity n. 活动
—active a. 积极的；活跃的
7. a talent show n. 才艺展示；才艺表演—talented a. 有才艺的 metal jars 金属罐
8. wear the national costumes 穿着民族服装—international a.—nationality n. gather v. 聚集；收集
9. youth n. 青年时期
10. in all =altogether 一起；总共
P63
1. express congratulations 表达祝贺/恭喜 compliment(s) n. 恭维；道贺
2. sympathy n. 同情；慰问 well done 干得好
3. deserve v. 应得；值得 You deserved to win! 你值得获胜！
4. delight v./ n. 使高兴；高兴---delighted a. 高兴的 I’m delighted for you! 我为你高兴！
5. What a shame!= What a pity! 真可惜！多可惜啊！ shame n. 羞耻；惭愧
6. terrible a. 可怕的；糟糕的= awful Long time no see. 好久不见
7. She was pleased at the news. =She was pleased to hear the news. 她很高兴听到这个消息。
8. show one’s sympathy for sb 对某人表示同情---showed----shown
P64
1. fall on the canteen 倒在食堂上---fell—fallen
2. in the storm 在暴风雨/雪中 in the rain 在雨中
3. interview sb. about sth. 采访某人关于某事 e.g. interview our headmaster about our school
4. at half past twelve =at twelve thirty 在12点半 at nine forty-five =at a quarter to ten 在12：45
5. fashion n. 时尚；时装---fashionable a. 流行的；时髦的
6. teenage a. 青少年的；十几岁的—teenager n. 青少年（13~19岁）
7. when you leave school= when leaving school 当你毕业时
8. an English teacher =a teacher of English 一个英语老师
9. design v. 设计—designer n.设计师 feature n. 特征，容貌，（期刊的）特辑
10. fix v. 修理；固定 fix= mend =repair 修理
11. many interests 许多兴趣 show interest in…. 对….表现出兴趣
take interest in sth. 对……有兴趣；对…...怀有兴趣
12. record n. 记录---recorder n. 录音机
13. team n. 队 on the school team 在校队
P65
1. complain v. 抱怨；抗议---complaint n. contain v. 包含；容纳--- container n. 容器；集装箱
2. committee n. 委员会
3. be pleased with sth./ sb. 对某事/ 某人满意 =be satisfied with sth.
4. less fit =less healthy =unhealthier a. 更不健康；较不健康 fit—fitter --fittest
5. special prizes 特殊的奖品 prize n. 奖；奖品；奖金
P66
1. a man of many talents and interests 一个有许多才艺和兴趣的人
2. invent v. 发明---inventor n. 发明家---invention n. 发明（物）
3. curious a. 好奇的 He was naturally curious about sth. 他天生对某事好奇
4. a way of doing sth. =a way to do sth. 一个做某事的方法
5. do an experiment 做一个实验 simple equipment 简单的设备
6. lead to 导致；通向 lead v. ---led—led 领导
7. discover v. 发现---discovery n. 发现； the discovery of electricity 电的发现
8. finding(s) n. 发现物
9. actually adv. =in fact 事实上；实际上
10. protect….from…=prevent…from…=keep…from…保护……免/不受….之害
﹡11. vision n. 视力；视觉=eyesight
12. be tired of sth./ doing sth. 对做某事感到厌倦；厌烦（做）某事
13. a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 two pairs of glasses
14. at the same time 在同一时间
15. two different types of glasses 两种不同类型的眼镜 type =kind 种类
16. be known as 被誉为；叫做；号称
17. develop v. 发展；形成---developed a. 发达的—developing a. 发展中的—development n.
with the development of… 随着……的发展
18. efficient a. 有效的；能干的—more efficient—most efficient
P67~68
1. damage v. =destroy v. 损害；毁坏 damage n. =harm n. 损害
2. search for 搜寻：look carefully for sth. or sb.
3. establish v. 建立；创建 =set up= put up
4. improve v. 提高；改善：make better
5. century n. 世纪= 100 years –centuries pl.
6. collect information about sth. 收集有关……的信息
7. cloud(s) n. 云—cloudy a. 多云的
8. What’s the weather like today? =How is the weather today? (问天气)今天天气怎么样？
9. able a. 有能力的—unable a. 不能的；不会的—disabled a. 残废的；有缺陷的
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