Grammar选修六第二单元语法.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二层,第三层,第四层,第五层,精选课件ppt,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,二级,三级,四级,五级,精选课件ppt,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二层,第三层,第四层,第五层,精选课件ppt,*,课标人教实验版高二,Module 6,Unit 2,1,精选课件ppt,Subjunctive Mood,虚拟语气,2,精选课件ppt,1.,英语动词有三种语气,陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。,2.定义:用来表示说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫,虚拟语气,。,3,精选课件ppt,3.,在条件句中的应用,条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。,4,精选课件ppt,1).,真实条件句,真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中 if 是如果的意思。,5,精选课件ppt,2).,非真实条件句,非真实条件句用语虚拟语气,假设的情况不可能发生,或者可能性很小,其中if 是“,要是、如果,”的意思。即,:“,要是,就好了”,;,“如果,就会,”,6,精选课件ppt,1.If I,had,enough,money,I,would,travel,around,the,world.,2.If I,were,you,I,would give,AIDS,patient a hug.,与现在事实相反,7,精选课件ppt,3.If,I,had taken,your,advice,I,wouldnt have made,a mistake,.,4.If he,had been,there,it,wouldnt have happened.,与过去事实相反,8,精选课件ppt,5.If it,should rain,tomorrow,they,wouldnt,go,for an outing.,6.I think we,could do,it,if we,planed,it properly and could borrow the tools.,7.If we,were to have,three days off,we would enjoy a very happy life.,与将来事实相反,9,精选课件ppt,3)The,meaning of the sentence of subjunctive mood,.,If he,had come,yesterday,I,should/would have told,him about it.,含义,:He did not come yesterday,so I did not tell him about it.,10,精选课件ppt,If he,had not been,ill and missed many classes,he,would have made,greater progress.,含义,:He was ill and missed many lessons,so he did not make greater progress.,11,精选课件ppt,条件从句,If,从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,V.+,ed(were),had done,would/could/should/might+V(,原,),would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.V.+,ed.,2.should+V.(原),3.were to do,would/could/should/might+V.(,原,),一,.,虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,12,精选课件ppt,二,.,虚拟语气特殊句型,:,1.,wish 的宾语从句,现在,:,过去时（,were,）,过去,:,过去完成时,未来,:,would/could/might+V.,should,13,精选课件ppt,1.I wish I were a bird.(,现在,),2.I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.(,过去,),3.We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.(,将来,),14,精选课件ppt,I wish I,were,as tall as you.,我希望和你一样高。,He wished he,hadn,t said,that.,他希望他没讲那样的话。,I wish it,would rain,tomorrow.,我希望明天下雨就好了。,15,精选课件ppt,2)wish to do,表达法 wish sb./sth.to do,I wish to see the manager.=I want to see the manager.,I wish the manager to be informed at once.=I want the manager to be informed at once.,16,精选课件ppt,2.would rather that,现在,:,过去,:,未来,:,I would rather you,paid,me now.,I would rather you,had gone,too.,Dont come.I would rather you,came,tomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,17,精选课件ppt,3.as if/though+Clause,现在：,过去：,过去时,过去完成时,She loves the baby as if it,were,her own son.,It seems that it,were,spring.,I remember the whole thing as if it,had happened,yesterday.,18,精选课件ppt,They talked as if they,had been,friends for years.,He looks as if he,were,drunk.,19,精选课件ppt,4.Its(about/high)time+that,过去时,should+V.,你该走了。,Its high time that you,went,.,Its high time that you,were,going.,Its high time that you,should,go.,20,精选课件ppt,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we,went,to bed.,Its time that we,should,go to bed.,21,精选课件ppt,5.,表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句中常见动词,:,一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求,。即,1).insist,2).order,command,3).advise,suggest,propose,4).demand,require,request,desire,22,精选课件ppt,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用,should+,动词原形,或者将,should,省略。,23,精选课件ppt,我们建议,Tom,去休息一下。,We suggested that Tom,have,a rest.,他坚决要求我到场。,He insisted that I,(should)be,present.,24,精选课件ppt,国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。,The king ordered that the prisoners,be killed,the next day.,他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,They requested that we,(should)send,them to work there.,25,精选课件ppt,I suggest that we,(should)hold,a meeting next week.,He insisted that he,(should)be,sent there.,注意,:,如,suggest,insist,不表示“建议”或“坚持要某人做某事时”,即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时,宾语从句用陈述语气。,26,精选课件ppt,1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.,2.He insisted that she _(be)seriously ill and that _(send)to hospitals at once.,obey,was,be sent,27,精选课件ppt,3.He suggested that we _(have)a meeting at once.,4.His pale face suggested that he _(be)ill.,have,was,28,精选课件ppt,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句,表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气,从句中的动词形式一样。,order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,29,精选课件ppt,Its suggested that the plan,be carried out,.,My demand is that she,should come,to see me once a week.,All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory,should be,closed down.,30,精选课件ppt,6.without,和,but for,构成虚拟。,but for,要不是,Without,sunlight,peoples life,would be,different from today.,But for,your help,I,wouldnt have,finished the work.,Without,your help,I,would have,failed.,But for,water,it,would be,impossible to live in the desert.,31,精选课件ppt,7.If only,要是就好了,If only I,knew,his name!,If only we,had followed,your advice!,If only I,could see,him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了,!If only our parents,could live with,us!,要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only I,hadnt missed,the train!,32,精选课件ppt,8.Its necessary/strange/natural/important/pity/no wonder/impossible+that-Clause,从句中的动词要用虚拟,即,(should)+,动词原形,It is,important,that we,(should)master,a foreign language.,It is strange,that she,refuse,to come to the party.,Its necessary,that we,should study,hard.,33,精选课件ppt,9.,某些简单句的固定句型,:,Heaven,help,him!,God,bless,you!,May,you succeed,!,Long live the Peoples Republic of China!,34,精选课件ppt,10.need“,不必做”和“本不该做”,didnt need to do,表示,:,过去不必做某事,事实上也没做。,neednt have done,表示,:,过去不必做某事,但事实上做了。,35,精选课件ppt,约翰开车去车站接玛丽,所以她不必步行回家了。,John went to the station with the car to meet Mary,so she,didnt need to,walk,back home.,36,精选课件ppt,约翰开车去车站接玛丽,所以她本不必步行回家了。,(Mary,步行回家,没有遇上,John,的车。,),John went to the station with the car to meet Mary,so she,neednt have walked,back home.,37,精选课件ppt,There was plenty of time.She _.A.mustnt have hurried B.couldnt have hurried,C.must not hurry,D.neednt have hurried,典型例题,38,精选课件ppt,答案,D,。,neednt have done.,意为“本不必”,即已经做了某事,而实际上不必要。,mu,stnt have done,用法不正确,对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为,couldnt have done,“,不可能已经”。,must not do,不可以,(,用于一般现在时,),39,精选课件ppt,三,.,虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点,:,1.,假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致,叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。,40,精选课件ppt,If the weather had been finer,the crops would be growing still better.,If you had followed the teachers advice,you wouldnt be in the hospital.,41,精选课件ppt,2.,假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有,should,were,had,三个助动词可以把,if,省略,并将这三个词提至句首。,If I were you,I would give it up.,Were I you,I would give it up.,If it were not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,Were it not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,42,精选课件ppt,If I had had time,I would have run round that lake again.,Had I had time,I would have run round that lake again.,If there should be a flood,what should we do?,Should there be a flood,what should we do?,43,精选课件ppt,3.,谓语动词以,should+have done,的形式出现的时候,表示过去应该做而没有做的事情,从而表示一种责备的语气。,e.g.1)You,should have finished,your homework yesterday.,2)You,should have come,here five minutes earlier.,3)He,should have told,me about it earlier.,44,精选课件ppt,注意：在虚拟语气的从句中,动词be的过去时态一律用 were,不用was,即在从句中be用were代替。,45,精选课件ppt,If I,were,you,I,would go,to look for him,.如果我是你,就会去找他。,If he,were,here,everything,would be,all right.,如果他在这儿,一切都会好的。,46,精选课件ppt,_ to do the work,I should do it some other day.A.If were I B.I were C.Were I D.Was I,典型例题,47,精选课件ppt,答案,C.,注意,:在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do,而不能说 Werent I to do.,48,精选课件ppt,Exercises I,1.You _ to the meeting yesterday.What was the reason for your absence?A.had come B.came C.would have come D.should have come,2.“Have you visited the Science Museum?”,“No,but I really wish I _.”A.had B.did C.haveD.will,49,精选课件ppt,3.Here is some money in case you _ it.A.needs B.need C.needed D.will need,4.He demanded that the classroom _ at once.A.should clean B.clean C.should have been cleaned D.be cleaned,50,精选课件ppt,5.But for your carelessness,we _.A.should have succeeded B.had succeeded,C.would have succeeded D.succeeded,51,精选课件ppt,6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken,C.were brokenD.had been broken,7.Janes face suggested that she _ ill,and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination.A.be;should have B.was;have,C.should be;had D.was;has,52,精选课件ppt,8.The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.A.should be B.would be,C.have been D.had been9.I wish I _ the meeting last week.A.could attend B.attended,C.have attended D.could have attended,53,精选课件ppt,10.My suggestion is that we _ the sports met.A.would put off B.should put off,C.putted off D.be put off11.It is necessary that our drinking water _ cleaner.A.should be made B.is made,C.would be made D.was made,54,精选课件ppt,12.Dont come this afternoon.Id rather you _ tomorrow.A.come B.to come C.came D.will come13.The old professor gave orders that the experiment _ before 6.A.was finished B.will finish,C.be finished D.shall be finished,55,精选课件ppt,II.,根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充,完整。,1.Had I not seen it with my own eyes,I _(,都不会相信的,).,2.If I should be free tomorrow,I _(,会和你一起去,).,3.If you had listened to the doctor,you _(,现在一切都好了,).,would be all right now,wouldnt have believed it,would go with you,56,精选课件ppt,4.Had Mark been in charge,it _(,就不会发生了,).,5.Looking round the town,he felt as though he _(,已经离开了好多年,).,had been away for many years,wouldnt have happened,57,精选课件ppt,III.,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。,1.If I _(know)more about giving first aid,I _(help)them when the accident happened.,2.If I _(be)a man,I _(run)for president.,3.Do you think the thief entered through the side door?,No,if he _(have),he _ _(not break)the window of the living room.,had known,could have helped,were,would run,had had,wouldnt,have broken,58,精选课件ppt,4.I would rather you _(stay)at home last night.,5.I wish that the rain _(stop)immediately.,6.They talked as if they _(be)good friends for many years.,had been,had stayed,would stop,59,精选课件ppt,此课件下载可自行编辑修改，供参考！,感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！,60,精选课件ppt,