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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题十五 任务型阅读,中考英语,(河北专用),1/324,Passage 1(河北),阅读短文,并按要求完成15题。,Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能)is growing rapidly.We are living in a world that depends,more and more on AI.AI is a group of technologies that help machines get,understand and use in-,formation to do tasks.,AI,s recent developments have got a lot of social attention.Some people have welcomed AI be-,cause it makes things possible.For example,AI will have a big influence on areas like medicine,and engineering.But this attention has also produced a lot of fear.Especially,many workers are,worrying that AI could make them lose their jobs.,According to a recent study,nearly five percent of jobs will disappear because of AI.In some in-,dustries,AI is already doing the work that people used to do,such as assembling(装配)cars,dig-,A,组 -年河北中考题组,五年中考,2/324,ging the coal and lifting goods.Self-driving cars and trucks controlled by AI will also take away,the drivers,jobs in the future.,On the other hand,AI will also create many new jobs for people.More people will be needed to,write programmes for AI systems(系统)and they will set up and work on them,too.Meanwhile,jobs that require feelings,excellent communication skills with people will not be replaced(取代),by AI.These include jobs in fields like teaching,nursing and personal training.,AI is here.,It is changing how people live and work in many ways.,That makes AI important to,watch,not to fear.,1、2题完成句子;3题简略回答下列问题;4题找出并写下第二段主题句;5题将文中画线句子译成,汉语。,1.AI is,that help machines to do tasks.,2.,controlled by AI may make the drivers lose their jobs.,3.What will AI create for people?,4.,5.,3/324,答案,语篇解读本文为说明文。近年来,人工智能发展得非常迅猛,能够说我们正生活在一个越,来越依靠人工智能时代。人工智能给我们带来了便捷和高效,但同时也引发了人们一些,恐慌。那么我们终究应该怎样对待人工智能呢?本文就这一问题进行了深入阐述。,1.a group of technologies由第一段第三句话“AI is a group of technologies that help machines,get,understand and use information to do tasks.”可知本空填a group of technologies。,2.Self-driving cars and trucks由第三段最终一句话“Self-driving cars and trucks.in the fu-,ture.”可知本空填Self-driving cars and trucks。,3.Many new jobs./AI/It will create many new jobs for people.由第四段第一句话“On the,other hand,AI will also create many new jobs for people.”可知本题答案。,4.AI,s recent developments have got a lot of social attention.第二段为总分关系,下文从两个方,面讲述了人工智能带来好影响和引发恐慌,故本段第一句为本段主题句。,4/324,5.它/人工智能在很多方面改变着人们生活和工作方式。翻译时注意how在本句话中提问,“方式”,故把how people live and work翻译成“人们生活和工作方式”要比“人们怎样生,活和工作”更适当。短语“in many ways”意为“在许多方面”。,长难句 AI is a group of technologies that help machines get,understand and use information to,do tasks.人工智能是一组帮助机器取得、了解而且使用信息完成任务技术。,本句为复合句。句子主干为AI is a group of technologies。that引导定语从句,其先行词为tech-,nologies。,重点词汇rapidly,adv,.快速地;influence,n,.影响;especially,adv,.尤其,尤其,词汇积累technology,n,.技术;attention,n,.注意,5/324,Passage 2(河北),At many Thanksgiving dinners,everyone around the table shares something they are thankful,for.As we know,most can do this easily.It,s more important to know how to be thankful people,all the time.,Be positive(乐观).No matter what happens,it,s best to remember the good things.Find the,bright side in bad situations,and push back against negative(负面)opinions.Also,do your best,not to compare yourself to others.But when you,re around others,give expression to what you like about them.By keeping good in mind,you,ll give thanks for it even more than before.,6/324,Accept the negative.At the same time,we can,t pay no attention to bad things that have happened.,We should learn from mistakes.It makes us become strong.Before we know it,we,re thankful for,negative things,too.Our mistakes can also make us humble(谦逊),which is not all bad.Hum-,ble people have better relationships and see life,s blessings(祝福)much more clearly!,Acts of kindness.Thankful people know that it,s much better to give than to receive.When,you,re thankful,you feel it,s your duty to show love to others.Some people volunteer to help,people in need.Studies show that volunteers might feel happier and healthier.,Use of time.By spending time with others,you show them how much they mean to you.But being,thankful is also better realized by spending time alone.,When you,re alone,you can think about,the best parts of your day.,You can list them out and think them over.You can find your way to,make thanksgiving a part of your life.How wonderful it is!Just enjoy it every day!,1、2题完成句子;3题简略回答下列问题;4题找出并写下全文主题句;5题将文中画线句子译成汉,语。,7/324,1.You need to find,in bad situations.,2.Learning from mistakes can make us,and humble.,3.How do volunteers probably feel according to studies?,4.,5.,8/324,答案,语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了在日常生活中怎样做一个一直都知道感恩人。,1.the bright side由第二段“Find the bright side in bad situations.opinions.”可知。,2.(become)strong由第三段“We should learn from mistakes.It makes us become strong.”可知。,3.They probably/might feel happier and healthier./Happier and healthier.由第四段“Studies,show that volunteers might feel happier and healthier.”可知。,4.It,s more important to know how to be thankful people all the time.从本文四个小标题可知,本文为总分结构,故主题句为第一段最终一句话。,5.当你独处/单独一个人时候,你能够思索/回想你一天中最美好时光/事情/部分。,长难句No matter what happens,it,s best to remember the good things.不论发生什么,记住好,事情是最好。,no matter what意为“不论什么”,引导让步状语从句。it,s best to do sth.意为“做某事是,最好”,it为形式主语,后面to do sth.为真正主语。,重点词汇kindness,n,.善良,仁慈;compare,v,.比较,词汇积累positive,adj,.主动,乐观;negative,adj,.负面,消极;humble,adj,.谦逊;blessing,n,.祝福,9/324,Passage 3(河北,),Where does your food come from?How is it made?These days,many people worry about,food safety.But food safety is not a new worry.In 1906,Upton Sinclair wrote,The,Jungle,.The,book is the story of a poor family in Chicago.It is also about the dangerous ways that food was,prepared.People were so worried that the U.S.started testing food.,These days,most food in the world is safe.Laws control where food comes from.They also con-,trol how food is managed and prepared.Laws are important.,But it,s more important to make sure,the rules are followed,.A good food safety system(系统)keeps people safe.It also helps them eat,healthy food.Labels(标签)on food give people important information.Then they can make good,choices about their food.,Although food safety systems usually work,there can be problems.Sometimes mistakes are made.,10/324,For example,a truck might carry eggs and then ice cream.The ice cream could make people sick,when the truck isn,t cleaned before carrying it.Other problems are not mistakes.Sometimes com-,panies break rules to make more money.When this happens,people don,t know if their food is,safe.,As we all know,food is closely related to our daily life.We should take action to make food safer!,1题完成句子;23题简略回答下列问题;4题找出并写下第三段主题句;5题将文中画线句子,译成汉语。,1.People were so worried about food safety that the U.S.started,.,2.What can people do after reading the information on food labels?,3.When could ice cream make people sick in the example?,4.,5.,11/324,答案,语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,介绍了相关食品安全问题以及人们是怎样控制食品安全,。为了确保食品安全,每个人都要行动起来。,1.testing food/to test food依据第一段最终一句话能够确定答案。,2.They/People can make good choices/a good choice(about their food)./Make good choices/a good,choice(about their food).依据第二段最终一句话能够确定答案。,3.When the truck isn,t cleaned/clean(before carrying it).依据第三段第四句话能够确定答,案。,4.Although food safety systems usually work,there can be problems.,依据第三段第一句话,能够确定答案。,5.不过确保/确保执行/恪守/法律/法规愈加主要。/不过确保/确保法律/法规被执行/恪守愈加,主要。,12/324,长难句As we all know,food is closely related to our daily life.众所周知,食物和我们日常生,活亲密相关。,句中“As we all know”意为“众所周知”;“be related to”意为“和,相关”。,评析1.问答题要尤其注意特殊疑问词及其它关键词,防止答非所问。如第二题题干中,“after reading the information on food labels”中“after”一词就尤为关键。假如不留心就,易错答为“get important information”。答题要规范,提倡简单,但要确保形式准确无误。2.翻,译题标准是“信,达,雅”。最少要做到“信和达”,即“忠实原文、达意通顺”。另外要格,外注意英语中特殊句式翻译。如第五题画线句为“It is+,adj,.+to do sth.”句型,翻译时,“It”不翻译,该句型要按照“做某事是怎样”模式来翻译。,13/324,Passage 4(河北,),Many people believe that yellowing and wetness are the greatest enemy of stamps.In fact,stamps,are afraid of not only wetness,but also light and dirty things.People protect their stamps in several,different ways.,To protect stamps,we should never touch the stamps with our hands.This avoids moving dirty,things onto them.Stamp tweezers(镊子)should be used in all conditions.,Stamps are printed things.The colour will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a,long time.So we should not put stamps in the light for long.Direct sunlight must be avoided as,well.,14/324,Wetness is an important problem for stamps.Some collectors will put stamps in separate plastic(塑,料)bags.However,it is possible that some stamps have taken in some water from the air before,they are put into the plastic bags.Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they take in wet,air.To protect the stamps,some people also put the stamps into a special room which has a machine,to keep the air cool and dry.However,not many people can afford that.,To keep stamps,stamp collectors usually put them under plastic covers.,It is a common and simple,way.This helps because the plastic cover keeps the stamps off the wet air.It also stops the fingers,from touching the stamps.,Some collectors prefer to store stamps inside a plastic box with desiccants(干燥剂).However,we,should take care not to let the stamps touch the desiccants.On top of that,don,t take your stamps,out on a wet day.,15/324,1题完成句子;23题简略回答下列问题;4题找出并写下全文主题句;5题将文中画线句子译成汉,语。,1.One way to protect stamps is that we should never touch them,.,2.What will disappear if we put the stamps in the light for long?,3.When do stamps become yellow easily and rapidly?,4.,5.,16/324,答案,语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。集邮是许多人兴趣。不过怎样保留邮票呢?本文为大家,介绍了几个比较实用方法。,1.with our hands由第二段第一句话可知此空填with our hands。,2.The colour/Colour/The color/Color.由第三段第二句话可知假如邮票被长时间放到光下,邮,票颜色会慢慢消失。,3.After they take in wet air.由第四段中Stamps become yellow easily.in wet air.可知此处应回,答After they take in wet air。,4.People protect their stamps in several different ways.本文整体为总分关系。下文分说了保,护邮票不一样方法,如不能用手触摸邮票、预防褪色、预防变黄方法等。所以本文主,题句为第一段最终一句话。,5.为了保留邮票,集邮者(们)通常把它们(邮票)放在塑料薄膜下(边)。翻译本句话时要注意,句首To keep stamps为动词不定式作目标状语,意为“为了保留邮票”。,17/324,长难句However,it is possible that some stamps have taken in some water from the air before,they are put into the plastic bags.然而,一些邮票在它们被放进塑料袋之前就已经吸收了空气中,一些水分是有可能。,句中“it is possible+that.”为固定句型,意为“,是有可能”。,评析第四题为找主题句试题。河北中考任务型阅读关于“找主题句”主要有两种常见,考查方式:1.找出并写下全文主题句,如本篇阅读第四题。2.找出并写下某段主题句。,河北中考任务型阅读文章各段关系通常为“总分关系”或“总分总关系”,某一段落结构,也常为“总分关系”,即说出一个观点,然后分说或举例说明这个观点正确。所以全文主题句,位置通常在全文首段或尾段,段落主题句通常在段首位置。,18/324,Passage 5(河北),In today,s world of mobile phones,MP5 players and mini computers,most people have at least one,time-telling tool with them.Since these small machines are so common,will people stop wearing,the 500-year-old watches?According to some people,yes.A teenager says it,s unnecessary to wear,a watch.Many young people agreeand use their mobile phones to tell time.Louis Galie,a presi-,dent,said that fewer young people wear watches today than five years ago.,However,watchmakers say that watches get popular again when people reach their 20s and 30s.By,then,they want to spend money on a nice time-telling tool which doesn,t just keep good time.,For this reason,the watch industry has become an accessory business(配件业)in recent years.,Today,s,offer a lot of uses that meet the need of almost any personality(个性).They can be used as compasses(指南针),calendars,and even USB drives.,19/324,People are always trying their best to create new kinds of watches.,A certain watchmaker business,makes watches that don,t even look like watches.Their popular model uses different color lights to,tell the time.Another watchmaker business,makes a“handless”watch,using a ring of circles to,keep time.This watch makes people talk a lot about modern watches.,Whether a watch expresses fashion sense,creative ability or a love of sports,people want their time-,telling tools to be beautiful,fashionable and practical.All in all,a watch has become more important,than the time it tells.,1题完成句子;2题简略回答下列问题;3题将文中横线处空缺一个单词填写在下面答题线上;4,题找出并写下全文主题句;5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。,1.Many young people agree that it,s unnecessary to,.,2.When do watches get popular again according to watchmakers?,3.,4.,5.,20/324,答案,语篇解读这是一篇议论文。本文反应了现在手表越来越被冷落现象,同时也预测未来,手表将会重新步入流行行列,但会从设计上做大改变。本文含有时代气息。,1.wear a watch/wear watches由文章第一段第四句A teenager says it,s unnecessary to wear a,watch.可知。,2.When people reach their 20s and 30s,watches get popular again.由第二段第一句可知。,3.watches由本段内容可知是讲当今手表改变。,4.All in all,a watch has become more important than the time it tells.通读全文可知,本文是在讲将,来手表会变得时尚、功效多,将会重新步入流行行列。,5.人们一直/总是尽力创造/设计/制造新型种类手表。always和现在进行时搭配,表示一直,做某事,且含有感情色彩;try one,s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力去做某事。,21/324,Passage 1(陕西),阅读下面短文,依据短文内容,完成以下各题。,Eleven countries are building a great wall of trees across Africa.It is called the Great Green,Wall.The aim is to bring life to the dry lands and help to fight the bad environment.,The wall is 8,000 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide.It covers from Senegal in the west to,Djibouti in the east,on the south of the,Sahara,Desert,(撒哈拉沙漠).So far,Senegal has made the,best progress by planting about 11,000,000 trees.,Many years ago,there were few trees in that area and the winds used to be very strong.It was,harmful to the fields.Also,there was little rain,so few plants could grow and many people went,hungry.Since the tree planting project started,the trees have provided food for the local people,and increased the wetness(湿度)of the air.Little by little,there appeared green fields for people to,grow plants.,The project which began in is supposed to cost a total of 8,000,000,000 dollars.Many coun-,B,组-年全国中考题组,22/324,tries are trying their best to help to continue the planting.So we will be able to see the whole green,wall across Africa in the near future!,1.Why are the countries building the wall of trees?,They want to bring life to the dry lands and help to,.,2.Where is the great wall of trees?,It,s,of the Sahara Desert.,3.Why couldn,t many plants grow in that area many years ago?,Because there were few trees,strong winds and,.,4.When did the project begin?,It began,.,5.What does the passage mainly talk about?,It mainly talks about,in Africa.,23/324,答案,语篇解读本文为说明文,主要介绍了11个国家正在非洲营造绿色长城基本情况。营造,绿色长城目标是把生机带向干旱地域并遏制环境变得恶劣。,1.fight/stop/prevent the bad environment文章第一段最终一句给出答案信息。fight、stop和,prevent都有“阻止、反抗”之意,三者皆可。,2.(from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east,)on the south/south文章第二段第二句话描,述了绿色长城地理位置。,3.(there was)little rain依据文章第三段可知,许多年前那些地域极少有植物原因是树少、,风大和降雨少。,4.in 由文章第四段第一句可知此项目开始于年。,5.the Great Green Wall/the tree planting project/planting trees/tree planting/building a great green,wall of trees/the project of planting trees/the project of the Great Green Wall/bringing life to the,dry lands/environmental protection/protecting the environment/.文章主旨是介绍植树营造绿,色长城以保护环境。,24/324,长难句Since the tree planting project started,the trees have provided food for the local people,and increased the wetness of the air.自从植树项目开启以来,这些树木已经为当地居民提供了食,物并增加了空气湿度。,since引导时间状语从句,其后为主句。主句时态为现在完成时,从句时态为普通过去时。主句,中provided和increased 都是过去分词,是并列成份。provide sth.for sb.是固定搭配,意为“为,提供,”。,重点词汇environment,n,.环境;make progress 取得进步;increase,v,.增加;little by little逐步地,25/324,Passage 2(天津),阅读下面短文,依据短文内容完成句子。,Albert Einstein(1
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