冠词-PPT.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,冠 词,虚词，本身无独立的意义，它用来帮助说明名词所指的人或物是泛指还是特指,不定冠词,a,an,（泛指）,定冠词,the,（特指）,1,1.,不定冠词的用法,1),当,第一次,提到人,(,事物,),*What is she?She,is,a doctor.,2),表示某一事物中的,任何一个,*,An,elephant is bigger than a horse.,*,A,monkey can climb trees.,2,3),泛指某一种类人和物,*A snake is,a,dangerous animal.,*A plane is,a,machine that can fly.,4),表示数量，有“一”的含义,*There is,a,flower in the vase.,*A panda has,a,mouth,a,nose,，,two eyes.,3,5),有些,不可数名词,要表示“一种”、“一 场”、“一堆”时，须加不定冠词,*,a,heavy snow *,a,strong wind,*make,a,fire *have,a,good time,6),用于固定词组,*half,an,hour *,a,moment ago,*,a,number of *have,a,rest,*,a,little *,a,few *,a,pair of,4,2.,定冠词,(the),的特别用法,1),指上文提到过的人或物,There is car behind you.The car is red.,2),世界上独一无二的事物前,*the sun *the moon *the earth,3),定冠词,the,用于,序数词,前或表示,方位的 名词,前和,形容词最高级,前,*the first *the best *in the,south,5,4),乐器名称前,*play the piano *play the violin,5),在,复数姓氏前,加,the,，表示,一家人，常看成复数,*The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.,6,6),在一些,形容词,前，表示一类人,*the rich *the old *the deaf,7),习惯用语中,*by the way,*on the right,*the more,the better.,*in the morning,*all the time *in the end,7,8.,用于双方都知道的人或物前,*,Open,the,door,please.,9.,用在山脉，河流，海洋，群岛,等名词前。,*,the,Yellow River,*,the,Great Wall,*,the,West Lake,*,the,Atlantic Ocean,8,大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流,可以互相讨论下，但要小声点,9,3.,不用冠词的情况。,1),专有名词前,:,*Zhejiang;China,2),复数可数名词前,*,Cows are useful animals.,3),球类跟餐名前面,*He likes play football.,*Dinner is ready now.,10,不定冠词的特别用法,用在序数词前，表示“再一次，又一个”。,你得再做一次。,我认为我们不再需要第三个人了。,用在一些专有名词前，使其变成普通名词。,一位怀特先生今天上午给你打来电话。,I am going to buy an Olympus.,我打算买一台奥林巴斯照相机。,11,4),在节日、星期、月份、季节、,年、等词前,*in summer *in August,*on Sunday *on Christmas,*in 2006,请区别：,in the spring of 1945,(,特指,加,the,),12,5),名词前已有,this,that,my,your,some,any,each,等词,*They met here this morning.,*Each boy has a workbook.,6,）称呼、头衔前,*Mr.Li Dr.Liu,13,7,）,表示颜色、语种、学科前,*in purple *physics,*Japanese,8),固定词组,*go to bed *by bus,*at night *in time,14,注意,:,4.,在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同,in front of,在,范围外,的前面,in,the,front of,在,范围内,的前部,*There is a tree in front of the house.,*The teachers desk is in the front of the classroom.,讲台在教室的前部,15,表示某一类人或物，以区别于其他类。例如：,The librarian is a person who lends books to others.图书馆员是借书给他人的人。,The cow is a useful animal.(=A cow is a useful animal./All cows are useful animals.)奶牛是一种有用的动物。,16,in hospital,(,生病,),住院,in the hospital,在医院里,*Hes ill in hospital.,他生病住院。,*My parents work in the hospital.,我的父母在医院工作。,17,.,表示方向、方位,intheeast,在东方,inthewest,在西方,inthefront,在前,attheback,在后面,inthebottom,在底部,atthetop,在顶部,ontheright,在右边,ontheleft,在左边,18,4),乐器名称前用定冠词,the,*play the piano *play the violin,5),在复数姓氏前加,the,，表示,一家人，常看成复数,*The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.,=The Brown family are going to Shanghai for a holiday thissummer,19,6),在一些形容词前，表示一类人,*the rich,富人,*the old,老人,*the deaf,聋子,在一些专有名词和习惯用语中常用定冠词,the,*the Great Wall *by the way,*in the morning *on the right,*behind the chair *all the time,20,6,）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：,They are the teachers of this school.,指全体教师,),They are teachers of this school.,(,指部分教师,),7,）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：,She caught me by the arm.,她抓住了我的手臂。,21,形容词、副词的比较级前也可以用定冠词，表示“两者中较,的一个”。,He is the taller of the two.,他是两人中个子较高的那个。,Of the two students Mary works the harder.,在这两个学生中，玛丽学习更努力。,the more,the more意思是“越就越”。但是，本结构中的the已不再是冠词，而是副词了。例如：,The more he thought about it,the angrier he grew.,这件事他越想越生气。,22,不用冠词的序数词；,a.,序数词前有物主代词时。,b.,序数词作副词。例如：,He came first in the race.,他跑步得了第一。,c.,在固定词组中，如,at,（,the,）,first,first of all,from first to last,等。,23,不用冠词的情况。,专有名词前,China,Grade Two,Mark Twain,2.,不可数名词前,I like milk better than juice.,3.,名词已有作定语用的,this,that,my,your,some,any,等代词,The bananas are in his bag.,24,4.,复数名词表示一类人或事物时,Computers are good tools for study.,5.,在季节、月份、节日、星期前,The days get shorter in winter.,June 1,st,is Childrens Day in China.,It was Sunday yesterday.,25,6.,在称呼或表示头衔的名词前,Mr Green is a teacher at a middle school.,7.,在三餐饭名称前,He doesnt have breakfast today.,9.,在某些固定词组中,at home,by car,on time,8.,在球类运动的名称前,I like playing football.,26,3.,不用冠词,1),在节日、星期、月份、季节、年、学科等词前不用冠词,*in summer *in August,*on Sunday *study physics,请区别：,in the spring of 1945,(,特指,加,the,),2),一日三餐和球类运动名词前不用冠词,*have breakfast *play football,27,3),名词前已有,this,that,my,your,some,any,each,作定语,不用冠词,*They met here this morning.,*Each boy has a workbook.,4),一些专有名词、不可数名词、称呼、头衔不用冠词,China Grade Two,Mr.Li Dr.Liu meat,28,5,）表示颜色、语种、国家前不用冠词,*in purple *in red,*Japanese *Britain,6,）固定词组,*go to bed *by bus,*at night *in time,29,We work in the day and sleep at night.,我们白天工作晚上睡觉。（,at night,表示惯常在夜间发生的事情。）,The baby woke up three times in the night.,孩子昨天夜里醒了三次。（,in the night,通常指刚刚过去的那个夜晚。）,You are badly ill.Youd better lie in bed.,你病得很重，最好躺在床上。（,in bed,之身上盖着被子或毯子。）,She is sitting on the bed and talking with her friend.,她正坐在床上和她的朋友讲话。（,on the bed,指身上未盖被子或毯子。）,30,4.,在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同,in front of,在,前面,in the front of,在,范围内的前部,*There is a tree in front of the house.,房子前面有一棵树,*The teachers desk is in the front of the classroom.,讲台在教室的前部,31,in hospital,(,生病,),住院,in the hospital,在医院里,*Hes ill in hospital.,他生病住院。,*My parents work in the hospital.,我的父母在医院工作。,32,at table,在用饭；吃饭时,at the table,在桌旁,by day,白天；日间,by the day,按日计,He works in an office by day.,Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.,take place,发生；举行,take the place,代替；接替,33,in words,用言语,in a word,总之,at times,有时；不时,at a time,一次,a most interesting,非常有趣的,the most interesting,最有趣的（形容词的最高级）,A number of,许多；好些,the number of,（的）数目,34,不加冠词,加定冠词,attable,在进餐,atthetable,在桌子旁边,atdesk,在读书,atthedesk,在课桌旁,atschool,在上学,attheschool,在学校里,inclass,在上课,intheclass,在班级里面,inbed,卧床,inthebed,在床上,inprison,坐牢,intheprison,（因事）在监狱,inhospital,住院,inthehospital,（因事）在医院,gotoschool,去上学,gototheschool,（因事）去学校,gotobed,上床睡觉,gotothebed,在床上,gotohospital,去看病,gotothehospital,去医院,35,冠词与形容词,+,名词结构,1),两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西。,He raises a black and a white cats.,他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。,The black and the white cats are hers.,这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。,2),如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一物。,He raises a black and white cat.,他养了一只花猫。,36,Exercises,37,用名词的正确形式填空,1 He cut the apple into _(half).,2 The _(potato)are mine.,3 How many _(family)are there in this town?,4 There are ten _(deer)on the farm.These _(Germanare _ businessman.6 Last week we went to the _(child)Park.,halves,potatoes,families,deer,Germans,businessmen,Childrens,38,改错,1.Its a hard work.,2.We dont have any class on Sundays.,3.The rooms windows are very big.,.,Its hard work.,We dont have any,classes,on Sundays.,The windows of the room are very big.,39,4 How many milk is there in the bag?,5.Could I have three papers,please,？,6.These two pieces of bread is over there.,How,much,milk is there in the bag?,Could I have three,pieces of paper,please,？,These two pieces of bread,are,over there.,40,()1 I found _ good news in _ newspaper.,A.a,a B.a piece of,a piece of,C.a,a piece of D.a piece of,a,()2 What _ it is today!,A.a fine weather B.fine weather,C.fine a weather D.the fine weather,()3 To their _,they have all passed the exam.,A.surprise B.surprising,C.surprises D.surprised,D,B,A,41,()4 Lucy is _ sister.,A.Mary and Jack B.Marys and Jacks,C.Mary and Jacks D.Mary and Jacks,()5 Please make _ for him.He is very tired.,A.any room B.any room,C.some rooms D.some room,()6 The model plane was made by a _ boy.,A.ten-years-old B.ten-year-older,C.ten-year-old D.ten-year old,D,D,C,42,()7 He went to the _ to buy a pair of shoes.,A shoes store B shoe store,C shoes store D shoes store,()8 I will give you _ to finish it.,A two weeks time B two weeks time,C two week time D two weeks time,()9 The two bedroom are the _.,A twins B twins C twins D twins,B,B,C,43,()10 This is an old photo of mine when I _.,A have short hairs B had short hairs,C have short hair D had short hair,()11 I think the country is much more beautiful than any other _ in the world.,A country B countries,C the country D the countries,()12 Johns uncle has many friends.Mr.Shute is a friend of _.,A Johns uncle B John uncles,C Johns uncles D John uncle,D,A,C,44,Exercises,1 There is _“m”in _ word“mother”.,2 Did you play _ basketball or play _ piano after _school?,3 Turn right at _ third crossing on _ left.,4 They got to _ moon by _ spaceship.,5 She is _ university student,she likes _ music of _ film.,an,a,/,the,/,the,the,the,/,a,the,the,45,6 We didnt have _ history yesterday,we went to visit _ History Museum.,7 _ Smiths went to _ capital of _ China last year.,8 What _ windy day it is!,9 His _ best friend flew to _ France _ last week.,10 _ Chinese doctor told him to take _ three times _ day,/,the,The,the,/,a,/,/,/,A,/,a,46,1.Theres no air or water on _ moon.,2._ Yellow River is _ second longest river in _ China.,3.My mother bought me _ very nice bike.I like _ bike very much.,4.Xiao Ming likes playing _ basketball,but he doesnt like playing _ piano.,5.The students dont have classes in _ afternoon on _ Saturday.,6.I often watch TV in _ evening.,7.Lets go out for _ walk.,8.What would you like for lunch,_ or _ milk?,the,The,the,a,/,the,/,the,the,/,the,a,/,/,47,