高中英语外研版必修三语法-不定式-Infinitive-讲解-练习教学教材.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动词不定式,不定式由“,to+,动词原形,”构成,其否定形式是“,not/never to do,”,不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。,不定式,结构,:to do,(,否定,)not/never to do,二,.,时态与语态,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,进行式,完成式,完成进行式,不定式,to do,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been,done,to have been,doing,-,-,(1).I am sorry,to hear,that.,I plan to attend the meeting,to be held,tommorrow.,(2).He pretended,to be sleeping,.,(,一般式表示与谓语的动作同时或发生在,它之后,.),(,进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行,),(3).I am sorry to have kept you waiting.,She pretended,to have known it before.,The room seems to have been cleaned already.,(,完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前,),(4).she is said to have been writing the novels for many years.,(,完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的,动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续,),1.,作主语,2.,作宾语,3.,作宾语补足语,4.,作定语,5.,作状语,6.,作表语,7.,作独立成分,8.,与疑问词等连用,不定式可以作以下句子成分：,三,.,用法,/,功能,To see,is,to believe,.,It,s important for us,to learn English well,.,It is kind of you to help me.,(1).,主语,单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数,若不定式太长,往往用,it,作形式主语,不定式置后,.,My job,to help the patient,.,Your task,to clean the classroom,.,is,is,(2).,表语,3.All you have to do is,(,to,),finish the job,quickly.,2.My job is to help the patients.,（,2,）,作表语,不定式常用在系动词,be,seem,appear,get,remain,等后作表语,如果主语部分有,实义动词,do,的任何形式，用作,表语的不定式可,省略,to,I want,to go home,.,I found it necessary,to talk to him again,.,(3),宾语,think/consider/find it+adj.+to do,常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：,hope,refuse,learn,set out,choose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.,不定式用在介词,but,except,besides,后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词,do,的,各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带,to,相反则带,to.,(1).She could,do,nothing,but cry,.,(2).I,have,no choice,but to go,.,(3).What do you like to,do,besides sleep,.,The teacher told me,to clean the blackboard,.,I expect you,to give me some help,.,(4).,宾补,五看,watch,see,look at,observe/,notice,三使,let,make,have,二听,listen to,hear,一感觉,:,feel,半帮助,help,以下动词作宾语补足语省略,to,I have something,to say,.,He has a lot of homework,to do,.,He is looking for a room,to live,in,.,There is nothing,to worry,about,.,(5).,定语,1.,当名词被,the first,the last,the only,等词以及,形容词最高级修饰时,常用动词不定式做定语。,eg:,She is always,the first,to come and,the,last,to leave.,2.,不定式作定语时，作后置定语,I have a lot of work,to do,.,我有很多工作要做。,He is always,the first to come,.,他总是第一个来。,We all have a chance,to go to college,.,我们都有上大学的机会。,eg:He spoke loudly(so as/in order)t,o be,heard.,(6),作状语,1.,表示目的,:to/in order to/so as to,I came here,to see you,.,He got up early,to catch the train.,2.,表示原因,不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed,等。,eg:Im glad/pleased,to see you.,We were surprised,to hear the news.,3.,结果状语,:,.only to do,adj./adv.+enough+to do,too+adv./adj.+to do,We hurried to the station,only to,find the,train had left.,The child is not old,enough to,go to school.,The child is,too,young,to,go to school.,(8),不定式与疑问词,who,which,when,how,what,等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。,He didnt know,what to say,.,他不知道说什么。,(,宾语,),How to solve,the problem is very important,.,如何解决这个问题很重要。,(,主语,),My question is,when to start,.,我的问题是什么时候开始。,(,表语,),几对易混淆的词组：,stop to do sth.,停止去做某事,doing sth.,停止正在做,forget to do sth.,忘记去做,doing sth.,忘记已做了,remember to do sth.,记得去做,doing sth.,记得曾经做,1.She said she _ her uncle very much and hoped _ him.,A.missed,to hear from,B.missed,to hear,C.misses,hearing from,D.misses,hearing,Lets do some exercises,！,2._ a living,she had to work from morning till night.,A.To make B.made,C.Making D.To have made,3.Mrs Brown regretted _ his son.,A.beated B.beating,C.beat D.beaten,4.I often hear him _ about the great writer.,A.to talk B.talk,C.speaking D.to tell,5.Missing the last bus means _ home.,A.to walk B.walking,C.walked D.walk,8.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.,A.not to B.not to do,C.not do it D.do not,9.-I didnt hear you come in last night.-Thats good.We tried _ noisy.,A.not to B.to be not,C.to be D.not to be,10.-I hear that you and Francis will spend your vacation in Nepal next spring.-Yes,we are planning _.A.to B.to be,C.it,D.to do it,12.The light in the office is still on.,Oh,I forgot _.,A.turning it off B.turn it off,C.to turn it off D.having turned it off,1.The last one _ pays the meal.,Agreed!,A.arrived B.arrives,C.to arrive D.arriving,高考链接,2.There is nothing more I can try _ you to stay,so I wish you good luck.,A.being persuaded B.persuading,C.to be persuaded D.to persuade,高考链接,3.My parents have always made me _ about myself,even when I was twelve.,A.feeling well B.feeling good,C.feel well D.feel good,高考链接,12.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.,A.dont make B.not make,C.not making D.not to make,Grammar 1-6.Exercise(5m),.,Answers:,It is dangerous to,be traveling during a sandstorm,.,Experts hope to,learn more about the movement of thunderstorms,.,We were told not,to leave the house,.,The work on the house needs to,be completed(the work)by the end of the week,.,Most houses seem,to have been destroyed by the storm,.,Grammar 1-7.Exercise(5m),Answers:,It is frightening,to be working,in the road in a sandstorm.I hope I reach home soon.,Experts hope,to learn,more about the movement of sandstorms.,Id like,to be told,about the situation before now.,The work needs,to be completed,by the end of the week.,My father was out of the city when the sandstorm came.He was very glad,to have missed,it.,The building has,to be finished,by the end of the year.,To see,a real sandstorm was very frightening.,exercise,1.Last summer I took a course on_.,A.how to make dresses,B.how dresses be made,C.how to be made dresses,D.how dresses to be made,2.Ive worked with children before,so I know,what _ in my new job.,A.expected B.to expect,C.to be expecting D.expects,3.There are five pairs_,but I am at a loss,which to buy.,A to be chosen B to choose from,C to choose D for choosing,5.I would love _to the party last night,but I had to work extra hours to finish a,report.,A.to go B.having gone,C.going D.to have gone,6._late in the morning,Bob turned off,the alarm.,A.To sleep B.Sleeping,C.Sleep D.Having slept,4.I find these problems are easy_.,A.to be worked out B.to work them out,C.to work out D.to be worked them out,7.Tom kept quiet about the accident,lose his,job.,A.so not as to B.so as not to,C.so as to not D.not so as to,8.John was made _the truck for a week as a,punishment.,A.to wash B.washing,C.wash D.to be washing,9.,The patient was warned _oily food after the,operation.,A.to eat not B.eating not,C.not to eat D.not eating,10.Its said that the Olympic Games _ in,Beijing in 2008 will cover more events than,any other Olympics did.,A.holding,B.to be held,C.held,D.to be holding,11.Will you please tell me why you had no pen,_ in class,Kate?,A.to have written,B.to be written with,C.to have been written,D.to write with,My teacher was made _ his teaching,because of poor health.,giving up B.to give up,C.give up D.given up,2.The sentence wants _ once more.,explained B.to explain,C.being explained D.explaining,3.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic.,having been B.to have been,C.to be D.being,B,D,C,4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth,_ for him without delay.,to have woven B.to be woven,C.to be weaving D.to weave,5.I found the German language hard _.,learned B.learning,C.to be learned D.to learn,6.The light in the office is still on.,-Oh,I forgot _.,turning it off B.turn it off,C.to turn it off D.having turned it off,B,D,C,几对易混淆的词组：,stop to do sth.,停止去做某事,doing sth.,停止正在做,forget to do sth.,忘记去做,doing sth.,忘记已做了,remember to do sth.,记得去做,doing sth.,记得曾经做,7.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?,-The key _ the problem is to meet,the demand _ by the customers.,to solving,making B.to solving,made,C.to solve,making D.to solve,made,8.-What do you think of the school?,-It is a very good _.,school to study in,B.school for children to study,C.studying school,D.school to study,B,A,9.-Did you get a job?,-No,I _,but its no use.,expected B.tried to,C.managed to D.planned,10.We find it impossible for the work _,ahead of time.,to finish B.finishing,C.being finished D.to be finished,11.-I usually go to Shanghai by train.,-Why not _ there by boat for a,change?,to try to go B.try going,C.to try going D.try to go,B,D,B,12._ a living,she had to work from,morning till night.,To make B.Made,C.Making D.To have made,13.I would rather starve to death than _,for food.,beg B.begging C.begged D.to beg,14.The boy pretended _ when his mother,entered.,reading B.to read,C.to be reading D.being read,A,A,C,1.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.,to have studied B.to study,C.to be studying D.to have been studying,2.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.,not make B.not to make,C.not making D.dont make,3.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.,expected B.to expect,C.to be expecting D.expects,4.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.,to see B.to be seen,C.seeing D.see,5.It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.,it what to do with B.what to do with it,C.what to do it with D.to do what with it,6.The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.,A.who B.when C.how D.why,7.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.,A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning,8.We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.,A.having met B.meeting,C.to meet D.to have met,9.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.,A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to,10.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.,A.to eat not B.eating not,C.not to eat D.not eating,11.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.,A.to go B.to have gone,C.going D.having gone,12.Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer.,A.to invent B.inventing,C.to have invented D.having invented,13.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.,A.to be taken B.to take,C.being taken D.taking,14._ late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.,A.To sleep B.Sleeping,C.Sleep D.Having sleep,15.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.,A.dont make B.not make,C.not making D.not to make,II.,用所给词的适当形式填空。,1.More and more people do not like watching TV;the programs seem _(get)worse all the time.,2.The poem is said _(translate)into many languages in the past decade.,3.The flu is believed _(cause)by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.,to be getting,to have been translated,to be caused,1,爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。,_,are both great happiness.,2,中国人民决不会征服。,The Chinese people refuse _,3,据说他已经完成了他的工作。,He is said _.,4,根据报道他们已安全到达。,They are reported _,To love and to be loved,to give in/be conquered,to have finished/completed his work,to have arrived safely,5,我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。,I want this bike _.,6,玛利仿佛已经告诉这件事了。,Mary seemed _.,7,众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。,He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympic.,to be repaired at once/immediately,to have been told about it,to have been given,II.,用所给词的适当形式填空。,1.More and more people do not like watching TV;the programs seem _(get)worse all the time.,2.The poem is said _(translate)into many languages in the past decade.,3.The flu is believed _(cause)by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.,to be getting,to have been translated,to be caused,4.The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang,who was reported _(break)the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.,5.You are said _(write)a new novel these years.Have you finished it?,to have been writing,to have broken,_ is to lengthen life.,(,节约时间就是延长生命。,),2.She is easy _.,(,她很好相处。,),3.When I called him,he happened _.,(,我给他打电话时,他正在洗澡。,),III.,根据汉语提示,用不定式完成下,列句子。,To save time,to get along with,to be taking a bath,4.The book is said _ _.(,据说这本书已经被翻译成好几种语言。,),5.The experience makes us realize that much of the world remains _.(,这次经历使我们意识到世界上有很多东西仍有待探索。,),6.The teacher asked us _.(,老师叫我们不要如此吵闹。,),to have been translated into several languages,to be explored,not to be so noisy,7.The news reporter hurried to the airport,_ _.(,这位新闻记者急匆匆赶到机场，结果被告知电影明星已经走了。,),8.I dont think it possible _ _.(,我认为一次记住,100,个英语单词是不可能的。,),only to be told the film star had left,to remember 100 English words at a time,9.Students are not allowed _.(,学生不允许吸烟和饮酒。,),10._,call(920)746-3789.(,若要了解更多信息，请拨打电话,[phone],。,),To find out more information,to smoke and drink,11.They are reported _.,(,根据报道他们已安全到达。,),12._ are both great happiness.,(,爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。,),to have arrived safely,To love and to be loved,Answer key for Exercise 3 on Page 5:,to have spent,To free,to see,to treat,to help pass,to abolish,He was overheard,to say,that he hoped John would resign.,Peter was made,to wait,outside.,He was heard,to unlock,the door and go out.,The man was seen,to shoot,the woman on the street.,The old lady was noticed,to wipe,her face with a handkerchief.,I forgot to ask you,to,go to the bank.,It is very important,to turn off,the electricity before you check the machine.,I know how,to make,a mouse out of my handkerchief.,Luckily,we dont have much more work,to do,.,She was very pleased,to have,the opportunity to travel while she was young.,She has been very successful in her work,and now her greatest wish is,to get,married and have a child.,started,pushing/to push,promised,to go,advise you,to eat,began,shouting/to shout,avoid,falling,forget,to call,felt like,throwing,let them,stay,a.to tell b.spending,a.putting b.to check,a.talking b.to make c.to drink,a.to get b.thinking,