三相异步电动机的制动控制线路演示幻灯片.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,课题六 三相异步电动机的制动控制线路,所谓制动，就是给电动机一个与,转动方向相反的转矩使它迅速停转,（或限制其转速）。制动的方法一般,有两类：机械制动和电力制动。,1,一、机械制动,当电动机的定子绕组断电后，利,用机械装置使电动机立即停转。,机械制动,2,电磁抱闸制动器,MZD1,系列交流单相制动电磁铁,TJ2,系列闸瓦制动器,3,1,线圈,2,衔铁,3,铁心,4,弹簧,5,闸轮,6,杠杆,7,闸瓦,8,轴,电磁抱闸制动器结构示意图,4,电磁抱闸制动器工作原理示意图,1,弹簧,2,衔铁,3,线圈,4,铁心,5,闸轮,6,闸瓦,7,杠杆,电源,5,TJ2,系列闸瓦制动器与,MZD1,系列交流制动电磁铁的配用,表,制动器型号,制动力矩（,N,m,）,闸瓦退距（,mm,）,正常,/,最大,调整杆行程（,mm,）,开始,/,最大,电磁铁,型号,电磁铁转矩（,N,m,）,通电持续率为,25,或,40,通电持续率为,100,通电持续率为,25,或,40,通电持续率为,100,TJ2-100,TJ2-200/100,TJ2-200,TJ2-300/200,TJ2-300,20,40,160,240,500,10,20,80,120,200,0.4/0.6,0.4/0.6,0.5/0.8,0.5/0.8,0.7/1,2/3,2/3,2.5/3.8,2.5/3.8,3/4.4,MZD1-100,MZD1-200,MZD1-200,MZD1-200,MZD1-300,5.5,5.5,40,40,100,3,3,20,20,40,6,例：,MZD1-100,MZD1-200,电磁铁和制动器的型号,7,电磁铁和制动器的型号,例：,TJ2-100,TJ2-200/100,8,电磁抱闸断电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,KH,SB2,SB1,KM,YB,QS,KM,KH,M,3,9,电磁抱闸断电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,SB2,SB1,KM,YB,QS,KM,合上电源开关,QS,KH,KH,M,3,10,电磁抱闸断电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,SB2,SB1,KM,YB,QS,KM,按下,SB2,KM,线圈得电,KH,KH,M,3,11,电磁抱闸断电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,SB2,SB1,KM,YB,QS,KM,KM1,自锁触头闭合,自锁，松开,SB2,电磁抱闸线圈,YB,得电，使抱闸的闸瓦与闸轮分开,KM1,主触头闭合,电动机起动运行,KH,KH,M,3,12,电磁抱闸断电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM,SB2,SB1,KM,YB,QS,KM,停,:,按,SB1,，接触器,KM,失电释放,电磁抱闸线圈,YB,也失电，在弹簧的作用下，闸瓦与闸轮紧紧抱住,KH,KH,M,3,13,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KH,SB1,SB2,KM1,YB,QS,KM1,KH,M,3,KM2,KM2,KM1,电路组成分析,14,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,SB1,SB2,KM1,QS,KM1,KM2,KM1,合上电源开关,QS,KM2,KH,KH,M,3,FU2,YB,KM2,15,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,SB1,SB2,KM1,QS,KM1,KM2,KM1,按下,SB1,KM1,线圈得电,KM2,KH,KH,M,3,FU2,YB,KM2,16,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,SB1,SB2,KM1,QS,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM1,自锁触头闭合,自锁，松开,SB1,KM1,联锁触头断开，,KM1,主触头闭合,电动机起动运行,电磁抱闸线圈,YB,不得电,KM2,KH,KH,M,3,YB,KM2,FU2,17,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,SB1,SB2,KM1,QS,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,停,：,按下,SB2,KM1,线圈失电释放,KM2,线圈得电，,KM2,主触头闭合,电磁抱闸线圈,YB,得电，使闸瓦与闸轮紧紧抱住,KH,KH,M,3,YB,FU2,18,二、电力制动,电动机产生一个和电动机实际旋转方向相反的电磁转矩，使电动机迅速停转。,19,（一）反接制动,.,反接制动原理,在停车时，把电动机反接，则其定子旋转磁场便反向旋转，在转子上产生的电磁转矩亦随之变为反向，成为制动转矩。,反接制动,20,单向启动反接制动控制,M,3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KH,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,QS,KM1,n,KS,KM2,KS,21,单向启动反接制动控制,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM2,SB1,KM1,SB2,QS,KM1,n,KS,KM2,KS,合上电源,开关,QS,M,3,KM1,KH,KM2,KH,KM1,KM2,22,单向启动反接制动控制,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,QS,KM1,n,KS,KM2,KS,按下,SB1,KM1,线圈得电,M,3,KM1,KH,KM2,KH,23,单向启动反接制动控制,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,QS,KM1,KS,KM2,KS,n,KM1,自锁触头闭合,自锁，松开,SB1,KM1,主触头闭合,电动机起动，运行,在转速高到一定值时，,KS,闭合,M,3,KM1,KH,KM2,KH,24,单向启动反接制动控制,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,QS,KM1,KM2,KS,n,停：,按下,SB2,KM1,失电释放,KM2,线圈得电，,KM2,主触头闭合，电动机串联电阻反接，反接制动,KM2,自锁触头闭合,M,3,KM1,KH,KM2,KH,KS,25,单向启动反接制动控制,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,QS,KM1,KM2,KS,n,停：,松开,SB2,继续反接制动,M,3,KM1,KH,KM2,KH,KS,26,单向启动反接制动控制,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,QS,n,KM2,KS,当转速降低到一定值时，,KS,断开,KM2,线圈失电，各触头复位,M,3,KM1,KH,KM2,KH,KM1,KS,27,（二）能耗制动,电动机切断交流电源后，立即在定子线组的任意两相中通入直流电，利用转子感应电流受静止磁场的作用以达到制动目的。,28,M,3,L1L2L3,KM1,KH,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,KM1,KT,KM2,V,U,W,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,KM2,电路组成分析,定子绕组直流电通路,KM2,V,29,KM2,L3,N,V,定子绕组直流电通路,30,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,合上电源开关,QS,按下,SB1,KM1,线圈得电,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,KM2,V,M,3,KH,KH,V,U,W,31,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,KM1,自锁触头闭合,KM1,主触头闭合,KM1,联锁触头分断,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,KM2,V,M,3,KH,KH,V,U,W,32,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,KM2,V,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,按下,SB2,KM1,线圈失电,KM1,自锁触头分断,KM1,主触头分断,KM1,联锁触头闭合,KM2,线圈得电,KT,线圈得电,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,M,3,KH,KH,V,U,W,33,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,KM2,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,KM2,自锁触头闭合,KM2,主触头分断闭合,电动机半波能耗制动,KM2,联锁触头分断,KT,瞬时闭合触头闭合,松开,SB2,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,V,M,3,KH,KH,V,U,W,34,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,KM2,V,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,KT,延时断开触头延时分断,KM2,线圈失电,KT,线圈失电,各触头复位,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,M,3,KH,KH,V,U,W,35,FU2,KH,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KT,KT,KT,KM2,KM2,KM1,M,3,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,QS,FU3,VC,TC,KH,R,KM2,V,U,W,3,KM2,有变压器桥式整流能耗制动控制线路,电路组成分析,36,FU2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KT,KT,KT,KM2,KM2,KM1,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,QS,FU3,VC,TC,R,KM2,V,U,W,3,KM2,有变压器桥式整流能耗制动控制线路,合上电源开关,QS,按下,SB1,KM1,线圈得电,KH,M,3,KH,37,FU2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KT,KT,KT,KM2,KM2,KM1,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,QS,FU3,VC,TC,R,KM2,V,U,W,3,KM2,有变压器桥式整流能耗制动控制线路,KM1,自锁触头闭合,KM1,主触头闭合,KM1,联锁触头分断,松开,SB1,KH,M,3,KH,38,FU2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KT,KT,KT,KM2,KM2,KM1,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,QS,FU3,VC,TC,R,KM2,V,U,W,3,KM2,有变压器桥式整流能耗制动控制线路,按下,SB1,KM1,线圈失电,KM1,自锁触头分断,KM1,主触头分断,KM1,联锁触头闭合,KM2,线圈得电,KT,线圈得电,KH,M,3,KH,39,FU2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KT,KT,KT,KM2,KM2,KM1,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,QS,FU3,VC,TC,R,KM2,V,U,W,3,KM2,有变压器桥式整流能耗制动控制线路,KM2,自锁触头闭合,KM2,主触头分断闭合,电动机半波能耗制动,KM2,联锁触头分断,KT,瞬时闭合触头闭合,松开,SB1,KH,M,3,KH,40,FU2,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KT,KT,KT,KM2,KM2,KM1,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,QS,FU3,VC,TC,R,KM2,V,U,W,3,KM2,有变压器桥式整流能耗制动控制线路,KT,延时断开触头延时分断,KM2,线圈失电,KT,线圈失电,各触头复位,KH,M,3,KH,41,（三）电容制动,当电动机切断交流电源后，立即在电,动机定子绕组的出线端接入电容器来迫使,电动机迅速停转的方法叫电容制动。,42,电容制动原理,当旋转着的电动机断开交流电源时，转子内仍,有剩磁。随着转子的惯性转动，形成一个随转子转,动的旋转磁场。该磁场切割定子绕组产生感生电动,势，并通过电容器回路形成感生电流，这个电流产,生的磁场与转子绕组中的感生电流相互作用，产生,一个与旋转方向相反的制动力矩，使电动机受制动,迅速停转。,43,电容制动,M,3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,KH,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,KH,U,V,W,QS,R,KM1,电路组成分析,KT,KT,KM2,44,合上电源开关,QS,按下,SB,KM1,线圈得电,电容制动,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,R,KM1,KT,KT,KM2,M,3,KH,KH,45,电容制动,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,R,KM1,KT,KT,KM2,KM1,自锁触头闭合,KM1,主触头闭合,KM1,联锁触头分断,KM1,辅助触头闭合,KT,线圈得电,KT,瞬时闭合延时断开触头闭合,松开,SB1,M,3,KH,KH,46,电容制动,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,R,KM1,按下,SB2,KM1,线圈失电,KM1,联锁触头闭合,KM2,线圈得电,KM2,主触头闭合,KM2,联锁触头分断,电容制动开始,KT,KT,KM2,M,3,KH,KH,47,电容制动,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM1,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,R,KM1,KT,瞬时闭合延时断开触头延时分断,KM2,线圈失电,各触头复位,电容制动结束,KT,KT,KM2,M,3,KH,KH,48,(,四,),再生发电制动,当起重机在高处开始下放重物时，电动机,转速,n,小于同步转速,n,1,，这时电动机处于电动,运行状态，转子相对于旋转磁场切割磁感线的,运动方向发生了改变，其转子电流和电磁转矩,的方向都与电动运行时相反。,49,再生发电制动原理,50,