罗立胜-学术综合英语Unit8.ppt

1,PEI Energy Framework,Unit 8,main,Unit 8,PEI Energy Framework,2012,Part A Section A,Pre-listening-,Background Information1.1,Pre-listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,Listening,Three Mile Island Accident,The Three Mile Island accident was the most significant accident in the history of the American commercial nuclear power generating industry.It happened on,March 28,1979,as a result of,technical malfunctions and human error.Radiation was released,a part of the nuclear core was damaged,and thousands of residents were evacuated from the area.,LISTENING,Section A,Pre-listening-,Background Information1.2,Pre-listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,Listening,LISTENING,Section A,Pre-listening-,Background Information1.3,Pre-listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,Listening,Though it caused no known deaths or diseases to plant workers or members of the nearby community,it brought about sweeping changes in nuclear power industry.The disaster inflamed public opposition to nuclear power.After that,dozens of planned reactors were canceled.,LISTENING,Section A,.,New Words and Expressions,Pre-listening,New Words and Expressions,Background,Information,Part,A,Part,B,Listening,nuclear power,核电,bring online,使,运行；把,投入使用,be opposed to,反对,waste disposal,废物废料处理,address,应对，解决,not in my backyard,事不关己,reinvigorate,给,以新的活力,studio,演播室,LISTENING,Section A Listen,Task 1.1,Listen to the program and try to get its main ideas by taking notes.Fill in the blanks according to your notes.,Pre-listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part,A,Part,B,Listening,In the radio program,the anchorman is,.,introducing,two experts and talking about the utilization of,nuclear power and the construction of nuclear,power plants in the US,_,_,_,_,LISTENING,3.Peoples attitudes towards nuclear power are now,.,President Bush:,.,Other politicians:.,Environmentalists in the past:,;now:,.,Section A Listen,Task 1.2,Pre-listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part,A,Part,B,Listening,2.In terms of the current utilization of nuclear energy,France gets,and the US gets .,70%of its electricity from nuclear power,_,less than a third of that of France,_,changing,_,wants to see an increased emphasis,on nuclear power,_,_,not mentioned,_,opposed to nuclear,power,_,_,some say that nuclear energy poses,much less threat,_,_,LISTENING,4.The participants in the debate are Dave Modeen,from,and Arjun Makhijani from,.,5.The anchorman mentioned some telephone numbers,and his purpose is,.,Section A,Listen,Task 1.3,Pre-listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part,A,Part,B,Listening,the nuclear division for the Electric Power,Research Institute(EPRI),_,_,Research(IEER),the Institute for Energy and Environmental,_,_,to make it possible for the,listeners to call in and express their views on the,topic under discussion,_,_,_,LISTENING,Task 2.1,Listen to the program again and try to answer the following questions.,How many nuclear power plants were put to use in France in the past 30 years?,58 in the past 30 years.,2.,How many nuclear power plants were built in the US,during the same period?Why?,None.Because of the Three Mile Island Accident,people worry about the safety.,Pre-listening,Listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part,A,Part,B,LISTENING,Task 2.2,3.,Technologically,what are people worried about?,They mainly worry about issues such as safety and waste disposal.,4.,Why are some environmentalists less strongly,opposed to the construction of nuclear power plants?,Because nuclear power plants pose much less threat compared to global warming.,Pre-listening,Listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part,A,Part,B,LISTENING,Task 2.3,5.,Were Dave Modeen and Arjun Makhijani in the same,studio?,No,they were on air from two different studios,one in North Carolina and the other in Maryland.,Pre-listening,Listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part,A,Part,B,LISTENING,Script1.1,Part,A,Part,B,Nuclear Power Plants,Im Clare Flado.Welcome to this special broadcast on Science Friday from ScienceF.Youre listening to Talk of the Nation on Science Friday.Im Clare Flado.France gets about 70%of its electricity from nuclear power.Here in the US,that number is less than a third of that.France has brought 58 nuclear plants online in the last 30 years.The US hasnt ordered any new plants here since,the,Anchorman:,LISTENING,Script1.2,Part,A,Part,B,the 1970s,following the Three Mile Island Accident.But that may all be changing.President Bush has said he wants to see an increased emphasis on nuclear power here in the US,including starting construction on new plants by the end of the decade.But is the country ready for nuclear power?Has the technology improved to the point where concerns over issues such as safety and waste disposal can be addressed?Will the phrase,“Not,LISTENING,Script1.3,Part,A,Part,B,“Not in my backyard”strike fear in the heart of politicians?Is there a political will to build new plants?On the other hand,ironically,were seeing environmentalists who once were rigidly opposed to nuclear power.Some of them are now saying“As compared to global warming,nuclear energy poses much less threat.Its really the lesser of two evils,although this would be enough to reinvigorate the call to go nuclear.”What,do,LISTENING,Script1.4,Part,A,Part,B,do you think?Well be telling you debating on the nuclear energy proposal this hour.Do you think we should consider revising nuclear energy policies in the United States?What do you think about it?Our number 1-800-989-8255,1-800-989 TALK.Let me introduce my guests.Dave Modeen is the vice president of the nuclear division for the Electric Power,Research Institute(EPRI).,LISTENING,Script1.8,Part,A,Part,B,Its based in Charlotte,North Carolina.Hes joining us from our Washington studio.Welcome to Science Friday.,Thank you Clare.,And Arjun Makhijani is the president of the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research(IEER)from Takoma Park,Maryland.Welcome to our program.,Thank you Clare.,Dave:,Anchorman:,Arjun:,LISTENING,Script1.9,Part,A,Part,B,Environmental Research(IEER)from Takoma Park,Maryland.Welcome to our program.,Thank you Clare.,Arjun:,LISTENING,Script2.1,Part,A,Part,B,Nuclear Power Plants,Im Clare Flado.Welcome to this special broadcast on Science Friday from ScienceF.Youre listening to Talk of the Nation on Science Friday.Im Clare Flado.France gets about 70%of its electricity from nuclear power.Here in the US,that number is less than a third of that.France has brought 58 nuclear plants online in the last 30 years.The US hasnt ordered any new plants here since,the,Anchorman:,LISTENING,Script2.2,Part,A,Part,B,the 1970s,following the Three Mile Island Accident.But that may all be changing.President Bush has said he wants to see an increased emphasis on nuclear power here in the US,including starting construction on new plants by the end of the decade.But is the country ready for nuclear power?Has the technology improved to the point where concerns over issues such as safety and waste disposal can be addressed?Will the phrase,LISTENING,Script2.3,Part,A,Part,B,“Not in my backyard”strike fear in the heart of politicians?Is there a political will to build new plants?On the other hand,ironically,were seeing environmentalists who once were rigidly opposed to nuclear power.Some of them are now saying“As compared to global warming,nuclear energy poses much less threat.Its really the lesser of two evils,although this would be enough to reinvigorate the call to go nuclear.”What,LISTENING,Script2.4,Part,A,Part,B,do you think?Well be telling you,debating on the nuclear energy proposal,this hour.Do you think we should consider,revising nuclear energy policies in the,United States?What do you think about,it?Our number 1-800-989-8255,1-800-989,TALK.Let me introduce my guests.,Dave Modeen is the vice president of,the nuclear division for the Electric Power,Research Institute(EPRI).Its based in,Charlotte,North Carolina.Hes joining us,from our Washington studio.Welcome to,Science Friday.,LISTENING,Script2.8,Part,A,Part,B,Thank you Clare.,And Arjun Makhijani is the president of the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research(IEER)from Takoma Park,Maryland.Welcome to our program.,Thank you Clare.,Dave:,Anchorman:,Arjun:,LISTENING,Section B,Background Information,Pre-listening,Listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,The Coming Nuclear Renaissance,Thirty years ago,the Three Mile Island accident brought the expansion of the nuclear industry to a halt:dozens of planned reactors were canceled;not a single nuclear plant has been ordered and built in the United States since 1979.But 30 years after Three Mile Island,the nuclear future looks brighter than it has in a long time.,LISTENING,L-B-P.2,Pre-listening,Listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,The“nuclear renaissance”started under President George W.Bush.Within months after he took office in 2001,Bush set a 2012 goal of,Greenhouse Gas Reduction Initiative,.The nuclear energy industry played a significant role in helping to achieve President Bushs clean air goals.From 2002 to 2007,nuclear programs got$6.2 billion for research and development,twice as much as fossil fuel programs received,according to the Government Accountability Office.,LISTENING,L-B-P.3,Pre-listening,Listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,On February 16,2010 at the IBEW Local Headquarters in Lanham,Maryland,President Obama said that safe,new nuclear power plants are a“necessity”as he announced more than$8 billion federal loan guarantees to build the first nuclear power plant in three decades.And that is only the beginning.The Obama administration will triple the budget to finance safe,clean nuclear facilities.,LISTENING,L-B-P.4,Pre-listening,Listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,Barack Obama,is committed to ensuring Americas energy independence and environmental protection.“Whether its nuclear energy or solar or wind energy”,said the president,“if we fail to invest in the technologies of tomorrow,then were going to be importing those technologies instead of exporting them.”;“The fact is,even though weve not broken ground on a new power plant in 30 years,nuclear energy remains our largest source of fuel that,produces,LISTENING,L-B-P.5,Pre-listening,Listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,produces no carbon emissions.To meet our growing energy needs and prevent the worst consequences of climate change,well need to increase our supply of nuclear power.Its that simple.”,LISTENING,Section B,Background Information,_Greenhouse Gas1,Greenhouse Gas Reduction Initiative:,an alternative to the international Kyoto Treaty,including a series of tax credits and other incentives to encourage business and farmers to reduce harmful emissions.The major differences are listed below:,Part,A,Part,B,Kyoto Treaty,GGRI,Goal,To reduce greenhouse gas emissions 5.2 percent overall and 7 percent in the U.S.by 2012,To reduce greenhouse gas emissions 4.5 percent in the U.S.by 2012,LISTENING,Section B,Background Information,_,Greenhouse Gas2,Part,A,Part,B,Participation,To set mandatory goals for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions,as applied to about 30 of the most developed nations,To set voluntary goals,allowing businesses to decide whether or not to participate,LISTENING,Section B,Background Information,_,Greenhouse Gas2,Part,A,Part,B,Incentives,To allow nations to buy or sell carbon credits on the international financial market or reduce their quota by expanding forests or farmland that absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere,To urge businesses to voluntarily reduce emissions by providing tax incentives to those that invest in and effectively utilize“clean”technology,LISTENING,L-B-P.,New Words and Expressions,inevitable,不可避免的,premature,未成熟的；早熟的,tax credit,税收减免,liability protection,负债准备；负债保护机制,insure,保险,metrics,度量衡，标准,achievable,做得成的，可完成的，可,有成就的,commission,委员会,Pre-listening,Listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,LISTENING,L-B-P.,New Words and Expressions,certify,证明，证实,forthcoming,即将来临的，将出现的,congressional,国会的,loan default,贷款违约；贷款拖欠,Westinghouse reactor,威斯丁豪斯反应堆,fantasy land,梦境，幻境,perspective,视角；观点,Pre-listening,Listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part,A,Part,B,LISTENING,According to Dave and Arjun,the US government is,in support of nuclear power with the hope of,1),;,2).,Task 1.1,Pre-listening,Listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part,A,Part,B,Listen to the talk and try to get its main ideas by taking notes.Fill in the blanks according to your notes.,solving the problem of greenhouse gas emission/global warming,_,solving the problem of power shortage,_,LISTENING,4.With improvement in technology,the nuclear power,plants are claimed to have become increasingly,.,2.According to Arjun the possibility that more nuclear,power plants will be built in the US is,3.If more nuclear power plants are to be built,they,to solve the electricity shortage in,the US.,Task 1.2,Pre-listening,Listening,Part,A,Part,B,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,small/slim/slight,_.,are still unable,_,safer,_,LISTENING,Task 1.3,Pre-listening,Listening,Part,A,Part,B,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,5.In terms of the view that nuclear power plants can,help address Americas environmental problems,Dave and Arjun with each other.,disagree,_,LISTENING,Task 2.1,Listen to the talk again and try to answer the following questions.,Pre-listening,Listening,Part,A,Part,B,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,According to the anchorman,how much was the tax,credit for energy?What for?,$3.1 billion for liability protection.,2.,According to Dave,is there an insurance system for,the nuclear power industry?,Yes,there is a self-insuring system in place ever since they began to operate as commercial programs.,LISTENING,Task 2.2,Pre-listening,Listening,Part,A,Part,B,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,3.,According to Arjun,how many nuclear power plants,will have to be built if the US is to achieve the level of France?And at what rate?,Seven or eight hundred nuclear power plants in the next 50 years,i.e.,two or three every two months for the next 40 years.,4.According to Arjun,if the US is going to build six,nuclear power plants in 10 years,can they help to,solve Americas power shortage and meet the demand?,No.Its just like a few drops(of water)in the boxes and wouldnt account for much.,LISTENING,Task 2.3,Pre-listening,Listening,Part,A,Part,B,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,5.According to Arjun,can the construction of more,nuclear power plants help to addre