高中英语《现在完成时》(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,现在完成时*,1,构成：现在完成时是由助动词,have,（,has,）过去分词,否定句：在,have/has,后加,not.,一般疑问句：把,have/has,提到主语前,.,动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样）,不规则变化,现在完成时,2,不规则变化：,am/is-was-been are-were-been,begin-began-begun break-broke-broken,do-did-done draw-drew-drawn,drink-drank-drunk drive-drove-driven,eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen,fly-flew-flown forget-forgot-forgotten,give-gave-given go-went-gone,3,完成时态的分类,现在完成时,：站在,现在,回顾,过去,1.,表示“影响”,2.,表示“持续”,过去完成时：站在过去回顾过去的过去,将来完成时：站在将来回顾此前发生的事件,4,1,“,影响,”,表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,.(,多数需要结合上下文,语境,）,Eg.I have just cleaned my clothes.,我刚洗过衣服。,（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）,I have just had my breakfast.(,对现在的影响：不饿,),影响 近的影响,远的影响 经历,eg.I have visited your factory before.,5,与其搭配的时间状语：,just,（刚刚）,already,（已经）,before,yet,（一般疑问：已经；否定句：还）,never,ever,I have,never,heard of that,before,.,Have you,ever,ridden a horse?,She has,already,finished the work.,Have you milked the cow,yet,?Yes,I have done,that,already,.,Ive,just,finished my homework.,He has not come yet.,6,2.,“,持续”,表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能继续下去的动作或状态。,Eg.I havent seen her,these days,.,She has learnt English,for 3 years/since 3 years ago,.,They have lived here,since 1990,.,What has happened to the USA,in the last 350 years,?,7,1.for,（段时间）,since,（过去点时间）,2.,到目前为止,/,迄今：,so far,till now,up to now3.,最近几个日、月、年以来：,these days,in/over/during for the last/past few years/months/weeks/days,through years,与其搭配的时间状语,(,默认的时间结点在现在）,eg.I have been here for just over two years.He has worked here since 1989.,从,1989,年，他就在这工作了。,8,动词,延续性动词,非延续性动词的,否定时态,或,转换为延续性动词,9,2.,非延续性动词,也称终止性动词，瞬间动词，表示动作瞬间完成,例如：,become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,die,fall,finish,get to know,go,join,leave,marry,3.,非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换,10,1,.,延续性动词,have,，,keep,等来代替非延续性动词。,他入党五年了。,He joined the Party five years ago.,He has been in the Party for five years.,电影开始五分钟了。,The film began five minutes ago.,The film has been on for five minutes.,2,.,come/go be(in)leave be away,borrow keep buy have,die be dead,get to know know,begin be on,open be open,close be closed,arrive be here/there,marry/get married(to)be married(to),fall asleep/get to sleep be asleep,join the Party be in the Party/be a member of,11,(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),I have,bought,a new dictionary for a week.,I have,had,a new dictionary for a week.,我买一本新词典已有一星期了。,They,have,come,here,for two days.,They,have been here,for two days.,他们来这儿已经两天了。,He has,joined,the League member for two years.,He,has been,a League member for two years.,他已入团两年了。,The man,has been,dead,for several years.,The man,has,died,for several years.,这个人已经死了几年了。,请 判 断,12,1.I,have,borrowed,the book,for,2 weeks.,(),2.The film,has,begun,for,5 minutes.(,),A B C,A B C,B kept,B been on,3.,这辆自行车我买了两年了。,Ive _ the bike _ two years.,4.He left Nanjing two years ago.,He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.,5.The monkey died last month.,The monkey _ _ _ for a month.,6.A:Hong long _ you _(),B:Two weeks.,A.did,get ill B.have,fallen ill C.were,ill D.have,been ill,had for,has been away from,has been dead,D,13,注意,一,.,常用现在完成时的句型,This/It is the,first/last/only,+n.+that+,现在完成时,This/It is,the first/secondtime,that+,现在完成时,This/It is+,adj.,最高级,(the best/worst/most interesting),+,名词,+that+,现在完成时,14,二,.have been in,have been to,与,have gone to,的用法：,1,、,have(has)been in,表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。,持续,Mr.Brown has been in Shanghai,for three days,.,布朗来上海已经有三天了。,They have been in Canada,for five years,.,他们到加拿大有五年了。,2,、,have(has)been to,表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。,影响,I have just been to the post office.,我刚才去邮局了。,Mary has never been to the Great Wall.,玛丽从未去过长城。,Have you ever been to Hangzhou before?,你以前曾经去过杭州吗？,3,、,have(has)gone to,意为“到某地去了”,影响,-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop.,他到书店去了。,Jack Johnson has gone to London.,杰克,.,约翰逊到伦敦去了。,15,三,.,一般过去时和现在完成时的区分,The plane has arrived.,飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）,The plane arrived a quarter,ago,.,飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）,I have taught here,for fifteen years,.,我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）,I taught here,for fifteen years,.,我过去在这儿教过十五年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）,16,用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。,1.Mary _(lose)her pen._ you _(see)it here and there?,2._ you _(find)your watch yet?,3.-Are you thirsty?-NO,I _ just _(have)some orange.,4.We _already _(return)the book.,5._ they _(build)a new school in the village?,6.-Has Tom taught you English?,-Yes,he _(teach)us English for two years.,7.I _(not finish)my homework yet.Can you help me?,8.What _ they _(do)with the newspaper?They have read them.,9.-The door is open.Who _(open)it?Do you know?,-Sorry,I dont know.,10.My father _(read)the novel twice.,17,Thank you,18,