A-Farewell-to-Arms.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,A Farewell to Arms-Ernest Hemingway,1,Contents,Ernest Hemingway,A Farewell to Arms,Conclusion,Brief introduction,Character analysis,Chapter XLI analysis,2,Ernest Hemingway,Ernest Miller Hemingway was an,American novelist,、,writer and journalist.,the Lost Generation.“,He received the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 for,The Old Man and the Sea,and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954.,3,Life journey,a,reporter,an,ambulance driver,in France and in the Italian infantry,a,correspondent,for the Toronto Star,a correspondent on the loyalist side.,awarded the,Nobel Prize for Literature.,committed suicide by shooting himself.,4,Writing features,characterized by,economy and understatement,His protagonists are typically,stoical men,who exhibit an idea described as,grace under pressure,Hemingways fiction usually focuses on people living,essential,dangerous lives,literary style,influenced by Ezra Pound and Gertrude Stein,is,direct,terse,and often monotonous,yet particularly suited to his elemental subject matter.,Hemingway referred to his style as the,iceberg theory,5,iceberg theory,1.,If a writer of prose knows enough of what he is writing about he may omit things that he knows and the reader,if the writer is writing truly enough,will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them.The dignity of movement of an ice-berg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water.A writer who omits things because he does not know them only makes hollow places in his writing.,-Ernest Hemingway in,Death in the Afternoon,.,2.In his writing the facts float above water;the supporting structure and symbolism operate out-of-sight.By presenting a very ordered surface for the reader,the reader is able to examine the chaos and complexity with a fairly clear head,6,Main Works,The Sun Also Rises,(1926):,太阳照常升起,A Farewell to Arms,(1929):,永别了，武器,For Whom the Bell Tolls,(1940):,丧钟为谁而明,The Old Man and the Sea,(1952):,老人与海,7,A Farewell to Arms,a,semi-autobiographical,novel,a first-person account of American Frederic Henry,The title is taken from a poem by 16th-century,English dramatist George Peele.,its publication cemented his stature,as a modern American writer.,100 best English-language,novels of the 20th century.,It was first adapted to,film,in,1932,8,A Farewell to Arms,works on two literary levels,Firstly it is a story concerning the drama and passion of a doomed romance between Henry and British nurse,Catherine Barkley.,secondly,it also skillfully contrasts the meaning of personal tragedy against the impersonal destruction wrought by the,Great War.,9,Character analysis,Main characters:,Frederic Henry,Catherine Barkley,Rinaldi,The Priest,Helen Ferguson,10,Character Map,Rinaldi,(Italian surgeon in Henrys unit),Frederick Henry,(Second Lieutenant in the Ambulance Corp),The Priest,(Chaplain in Henrys unit,),Catherine Barkley,(British nurse),Helen Ferguson,(Scottish nurse),(friend to),(befriends),(gives spirtual advice),(friends),(loves),11,An analysis of Henry,1.The attitude of war:,From,full-hearted,（满腔热情）,to disgustful,（深恶痛绝,）,2.The attitude of life :,From,taking the life as a game to pursuing love,3.The attitude of setback and misfortune:,From,hard fight,（艰辛斗争）,to aimless,（漫无目标）,12,An analysis of Catherine,1.The consciousness of love:,Love should be life standards,2.The consciousness of life:,Life should be bright and wisdom,13,Chapter XLI,Main idea of the last chapter:,In the novels final chapter,Frederic Henry takes Catherine Barkley to the hospital,where she experiences a protracted and agonizing childbirth.First the baby dies,having choked on its umbilical cord.Then,as a result of multiple hemorrhages,Catherine dies as well.,14,Writing features in chapter XLI,Its told in the,first person,in the,past tense,like a memory,It reflects Hemingways central theme about the horrific world:,But they killed you in the end.You could count on that.Stay around and they would kill you,.,The novel also ends in the same atmosphere of,sterility,and,death,with which it began.,It is,ironic,15,Text analysis-Simple language语言简单凝练,conversation-style对话型,P235,Are you all right,Cat?,Ive been having some pains,darling.,Regularly?,No,not very.,If you have them at all regularly well go to the hospital.“,“你好吗，凯特？,“有点痛，亲爱的。”,“是不是有规则的阵痛？”,“不，不太有规则。”“要是有规则的话，我们上医院去。”,16,Text analysis-Simple language语言简单凝练,state-style【叙述型】P235,Outside in the hall I rang for the elevator.There was no answer.I went downstairs.There was no one downstairs except the night-watchman.I brought the elevator up myself,put Catherines bag in it,she stepped in and we went down.The night-watchman opened the door for us and we sat outside on the stone slabs beside the stairs down to the driveway and waited for the taxi.,我到外边走廊上去按电铃喊电梯。没有回音。我走下楼去。楼下一个人都没有，只有一个夜班警卫员。我只好自己开电梯上去，把凯瑟琳的拎包放进去，她走进电梯，我们便朝下开。警卫给我们开了门，我们走出去，坐在通车道的台阶旁的石板上，等汽车来。,17,Text analysis-Simple language语言简单凝练,inner monologue【内心独白】P254-255,Everything was gone inside of me.I did not think.I could not think.I knew she was going to die and I prayed that she would not.Dont let her die.Oh,God,please dont let her die.Ill do anything for you if you wont let her die.Please,please,please,dear God,dont let her die.Dear God,dont let her die.Please,please,please dont let her die.God please make her not die.Ill do anything you say if you dont let her die.You took the baby but dont let her die.That was all right but dont let her die.Please,please,dear God,dont let her die.,我心里万念俱灰。我不思想。我不能想。我 知道她就要死了，我祈祷要她别死。别让她死。哦，上帝啊，求求你别让她死。只求你别让她死，我什么都答应。亲爱的上帝，求求你，求求你，求求你别让她死。亲爱的上帝，别让她死。求求你，求求你，求求你别让她死。上帝啊，求你叫她别死。只要你别让她死，你说什么我都做。婴孩你已经拿走了，但是别让她死。孩子没有关系，但是别让她死。求求你，求求你，亲爱的上帝，别让她死。,18,Text analysis-symbolism,It was,dark,but in the light from the window I could see it was,raining,外面在下雨,-婴儿刚出生,I could see nothing but the,dark,and the,rain,falling across the light from the window,我望望窗外。什么也看不见，只有一片黑暗，只见到窗 内射出的灯光中的雨丝。,I went down the hall and then down the stairs and out the door of the hospital and down the,dark,street in the,rain,to the cafe 走上雨中的黑暗街头,-婴儿死后，去餐馆吃饭,I walked through the,rain,up to the hospital.我在雨中赶回医院,-回医院发大出血不止、婴儿死了,19,Text analysis-symbolism,But after I had got them out and shut the door and turned off the light it wasnt any good.It was like saying good-by to a statue.After a while I went out and left the hospital and walked back to the hotel in the,rain,.,但是我赶了她们出去，关了门，灭了灯，也没有什么好处。那简直像是在跟石像告别。过了一会儿，我走出去，离开医院，在雨中走回旅馆。,20,Text analysis-symbolism,Catherine-love 最温柔、最善良、最浪漫、最勇敢,She smiled.,You were lovely to me.Oh,darling.,I want you to have girls,though.,Go and get something to eat.,Im awfully tired,Catherine said.And I hurt like hell.Are you all right,darling?,Im not going to die now,darling.Im past where I was going to die.Arent you glad?,21,linear art【白描】,there was nothing on top but coffee-grounds,dust and some dead flowers.,垃圾桶的上面只有些咖啡渣、尘埃和几朵凋谢了的花朵。,The day was cloudy but the sun was trying to come through.,天阴多云，但是太阳还是想冲出来。,22,Text analysis-ironic,It is,ironic,then,that Henry eats eggs,a symbol of life,for his supper-or perhaps a sign that he has intercepted a life that could have been,in the same way that he does not seem to mind his sons death.Whatever we make of this,the novel ends on an unequivocally pessimistic note.The final word is,rain,a reminder of the destruction and death the world inflicts upon those who hold out the most hope,and even those who most deeply,love.,23,conclusion,A Farewell to Arms,is not a complicated book.Rather,it is a simple story well told,the plot of which could be summarized as follows:,boy meets girl,boy gets girl,boy loses girl,.,Ernest Hemingway conveyed this story chronologically,in a strictly,linear fashion,with no flashback scenes whatsoever.In fact,the novel contains very little exposition at all.We never learn exactly where its narrator and protagonist,the American ambulance driver Frederic Henry,came from,or why he enlisted in the Italian army to begin with.Nor do we discover much about his lover Catherine Barkleys past,other than the fact that her fianc was killed in battle,in France.,24,Thank you,25,