基础英语4.pptx

Practical College Einglhsh,Unit Two Book 4,wang Chun-jiao,Life constantly presents certainties and uncertainties.But one thing is sure:life many more uncertainties than certainties.Thats why it is said that life is full of uncertainty.life is all about,the unknown.Naturally,we are to express certainty sometimes;yet sometimes we must utter,/say,an uncertainty when we have reason to be hesitant(,犹豫不决,).,In English,while preparing for what will happen in the future,we say,“Hope for the best but prepare .”,LS-The Language-1.1,You are going to listen to an instructor talking about expressing certainty and uncertainty.Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words.,The Language for Expressing,Certainty,and,Uncertainty,Instructor:,confident enough,_,for the worst,_,That is what,_,brings about,_,LS-The Language-1.2,The expressions of both depend on our instincts as well as .When we are certain,we believe all evidence supports our reasoning.Similarly,when we are uncertain,our doubts cannot be .From our expressions of certainty and uncertainty,can be perceived(,感知,).,Enlarge your language expressing certainty and uncertainty:,without reason,1.ASKING IF SOMEONE IS CERTAIN ABOUT SOMETHING,Are you certain about?,Are you convinced of?,Are you positive?,Do you know for certain?,Can you really be sure of?,Can you say with any certainty(that)?,Is there any doubt about?,Perhaps I misunderstood,but are you quite certain?,_,logical reasoning,_,our personality,_,things will change,_,the results,_,his promise,_,his honesty,_,what you are doing,_,how to do it,_,he will give me a surprise,_,this being true,_,结果你能肯定吗,?,你能确信他的承诺吗,?,你肯定事情会有变化吗,?,你确定知道你在干什么,?,你真的能确信他的诚实吗,?,你能确定他会给我一个惊喜吗,?,这事的真实性有什么怀疑吗,?,也许我误解了，不过你有把握如何做这件事吗,?,Instinct:n.,直觉，天性,，,Logical reasoning,符号逻辑的推理,LS-The Language-1.3,2.EXPRESSING CERTAINTY IN SHORT FORM,I bet.,我敢肯定,/,断定,。,Thats for sure.:certainly so,.,确实如此，毫无疑问,。,Im sure(of that/a,heavy rain today,).,此事我能确定,/,我确信今天有一场大雨,。,Im certain(of that/success).,我肯定我能,(,我能成功,),Im quite convinced(of her experience in it/that things will,improve.).,我十分相信,(,她在这方面的经验,/,事情会变好的。,),Thats my conviction.,我确信如此,It cant be otherwise.,一定是这样。,Ive no doubt(about that).,我对此深信不疑。,Im absolutely positive about that/(that its the trademark).,此事我完全可以肯定,/,我完全可以可肯定这是商标。,There cant be any doubt about that.,那是毫无疑问的。,I dont think I have any doubt about that.,我认为对此毫无疑问。,Its unquestionable.,这是毫无疑问的。,LS-The Language-1.4,3.EXPRESSING UNCERTAINTY IN SHORT FORM,Im not sure.,我没有把握,I cant be certain.,我不能肯定,I have no idea.,我不知道。,Im not too sure of it.,这件事我不太有把握。,Its hard to tell.,很难说,/,我无法断定。,I cant work it out./I cant work out how much time it will take.,这个我说不准,(,这得花多少时间,),。,I cant say for certain/sure.,我说不准。,Im afraid I cant be certain about it.,恐怕此事我不能肯定。,补充,1.Im not at all convinced about it/that he is so cool-headed.,我根本没法信服此事,/,我根本没法肯定他的头脑这么冷静。,2.One cant say with any certainty about the company s future.,无法断言他们公司的未来,3.There is some doubt in my mind about their claim.,我对他们的要求心存疑虑。,4.I give you my word for it.,我可以向你保证。,5.I couldve sworn that I saw a flying saucer over the sky,！,我可以发誓我看见一只飞碟。,6.Im a hundred per cent certain that hes fallen in love with Jane.,我百分之一百地肯定他爱上了简。,7.Its a cinch they will win.,他们肯定会赢。,8.Theres no room for doubt about.,此事毫无疑问,9.There is very little doubt in my mind as to this being true.,我不怀疑这是真的。,10.I really couldnt tell,我确实没法断定。,LS-,Expressing Certainty-3.1,Expressing Certainty and Uncertainty,Before you listen to the upcoming conversation,read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.,hang out,computer caf,doze off,鬼混，泡,网吧,打盹,So what?,addicted,finals,那又怎么样呢？,上了瘾的,期末考试,LS-Expressing Certainty-3.2,Listen to the following conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.,Wang Ying:Li Ming,are you sure of what you are doing these days?,Li Ming:I know .,Wang Ying:Oh really?Do you know why you,hang out,泡,so long at the computer,caf,网吧,?,Li Ming:Huh,you have been following me,havent you?,Wang Ying:you,dozed off,打盹,in class this morning?,Li Ming:Did I?You know,I stayed up late last night.,Wang Ying:At the computer caf?,Li Ming:,So what?,Can you really what I did there?,那又怎么样呢？,Wang Ying:I cant say for certain.But you look addicted to the computer.Its not good for your health and studies.about it.,for certain,what I am doing,And how come,_,be sure of,_,_,_,Theres no question,_,_,LS-Expressing Certainty-3.3,Li Ming:I know what you mean.But tell you what.Its really fun,going,online,上网,.,Wang Ying:Listen.How about your studies?Im sure youll fail if you go,on like this.,Li Ming:Oh yeah?Finals arent,around/round the corner,.,Wang Ying:Im sure you know what youre supposed to be doing on,campus.your direction at the moment?,Li Ming:Yes,Im sure of it.But,But are you certain of,_,Take it easy,_,LS-Expressing Certainty-3.4,Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.,1.What is Wang Ying concerned about?,She is concerned abut what Li Ming is doing these days.,2.What did Li Ming do in class this morning?,He dozed off in the classroom.,3.Why did Li Ming feel sleepy this morning?,Because he had stayed up very late at the computer caf last night.,4.Why does Wang Ying try to stop Li Ming from going to the,computer caf?,Because he seems to be addicted to computers,which is not good for his health and studies.,5.What does Wang Ying warn Li Ming against?,She,warns,Li Ming,against/of,the direction he is taking.,提醒、告诫,Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.,Follow-up Practice4.1,Follow-up Practice,loose,make ones dreams real,放松的，松弛的，自由的,实现梦想,Follow-up Practice4.2,Read the following passage silently while listening to the recording.,The question was once asked of a highly successful businessman,“How have you done so much in your lifetime?”,He replied,“I have dreamed.I have turned my mind loose to imagine what I wanted to do.Then I have gone to bed and thought about my dreams.In the night I dreamt about my dreams.And when I awoke in the morning,I saw the way to make my dreams real.While other people were saying,You cant do that.It isnt possible.I was well on my way to achieving what I wanted.”,As Woodrow Wilson,28th President of the U.S.,said,“We grow great by dreams.All big men are dreamers.”,So please,dont let anyone steal your dreams,or try to tell you they are too impossible.,Follow-up Practice6,Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.,wire,电传,shipment,交运的货物,exchange rate,汇率,routing,发送,peak season,销售旺季,customs clearance,结关,海关放行,check,检查,核对,invoice,发票,发货单,货物,packing,包装,打包,;,装箱,duty,进口关税,Pretend you are a manager of an import and export company.Read the following announcement on the office notice board.,Follow-up Practice6-1,Ask three questions to better know what is going on in your business at the moment(write down your questions if necessary).,Question 1 about the exchange rate:,Question 2 about the shipment date:,Question 3 about the customer:,Act out the situation briefly in class.,Follow-up Practice6-2,a.Whats the exchange rate today?,b.Do you know todays exchange rate?,c.Have you checked todays exchange rate?,a.Have you checked when the shipment flies?,b.Do you know when the shipment flies?,c.Whats the date of the shipment?,a.Do you have any idea how to,hold onto,紧紧抓紧,/,保证,that customer?,b.Have you found any solution to that customers problem?,c.What can be done so as not to lose the customer?,Listen twice to the taped conversation below between a manager and a secretary whose role you are supposed to play.First,write down your answers to the questions during the timed pauses.Second,say your answers out loud.,Follow-up Practice7-1,Follow-up Practice7-2,Good.,Your coffee is ready.,Thanks.I am expecting a very important call.,Ill take care of that when it,(,call),comes in.,Act out the above conversation in class.,Good morning,Mr.Green.,Good morning,Anna.Any mail for me?,Oh,yes.Here you are.,Thanks.Have you wired the money to the supplier?,How about the shipment?,Oh yes,and have they found any solution to,hold onto,保住,that customer?Hes very important to us.,Manager:,Secretary:,Manager:Secretary:,Secretary:,Manager:,Secretary:,Manager:Secretary:,Manager:,Secretary:,Manager:,Secretary:,Yes,I have.I did it yesterday afternoon,I have checked when the shipment flies.There is no chance of delay,As far as I know,they are still trying.I am sure theyll come up with a,solution,_.,_.,_.(come up with,提出，提供，供给，供应,),Listen and,during the timed pauses,translate orally into English the Chinese sentences in each of the following three short conversations.,A Male Voice:Yes,Miss.This is Mr.Michael Li.Id like to,make an,appointment,to see Mr.Green.,make the agreement of time,You:,好的，,我查一下,。格林先生只有星期二或星期四,有空,available,。哪一,天对您较适合？,Let me look over the record/lets see,KEY,OK.Lets see.Mr.Green is available only on Tuesday or Thursday.Which day would be better for you/convenient to you?,Follow-up Practice8,A Female Voice:Ive been having trouble with my,research project,研究,项目,.Would it be convenient to see you today?,You:,当然，我的接待时间是,10:00,到,12:00,。你可在这段时间来，我们,谈一下。,KEY,Yes.My office hours are from 10:00 to noon.You can come during that time.Well talk about it.,Is this your first,appointment with,Dr.Wang?Please fill out this card and give it back to me.A nurse will call your name and the doctor will be with,you/make an examination for you,in a few minutes./,A Male Voice:,Ive got some trouble with one of my teeth.The,pains killing me,我的牙痛得要命,.,You:,这是你第一次找王医生看病吗,Is this the first time you,make appointment with Dr.Wang?,？请把这张卡填好交,给我。一会儿护士会叫你的名字，然后王医生 就给你看病。,KEY,Follow-up Practice8-2,Act out the above conversations in class.,Title of Text A,I Was Deceived,我被骗了,Language Points,1.,deceive,:,vt.,欺骗,:,impose:cheat,e.g,.,He deceived me when he said he loved me,because he really doesnt.,他说他爱我，其实是在骗我，因为他实际上并不爱我。,T,Dont be deceived by appearances!,T,不要被外表所欺骗,!,自欺欺人,:,deceive,oneself as well as others,欺人之谈,deceitful words/talk,欺人太甚,go too far in bullying others,What is the advice commonly given to those in an online love relationship?,Dont base the rest of your life on a week or two.In other words,dont spend a week or two with your online lover,then move in with him or her and get married.,Text A1_Q,Para.1 of Text A,Question of Para.1,Text A _1_ But this,Language Points,2.One common,thing,of those(who have met others in real life),is,:“Dont,base,the rest of your life,on,a week or two,”,meaning/in other words,dont spend a week or two with your online lover,then move in/,live together,with them and/or get married.,3.,base on,:,use as a basis or foundation for,以为基础；以为根据,e.g.,She based her decision to marry him on love,not money.,Her decision to maary him is based on love,not money,她作出嫁给他的决定是基于爱情，而不是金钱。,T,本句中,meaning,是现在分词结构，作状语，对上文起解释说明的作用，可以理解为,which means,。,那些已经和生活中的真人见过面的人一致认,为：,“,不能把你的后半生建立在一两个星期的,感情基础上。,”,意思是说，不要和你的网上情,人仅仅相恋一两个星期就搬进去与他,/,她同居,并结婚。,4.statistics:,n.,collection of information shown in numbers,统计数字,统计学,Text A_1_ statistics,Language Points,I dont know what the recent statistics are,but almost half of married women now work outside the home.,T,我不知道最近的统计数字具体如何，但近半数的已婚妇女如今都外出工作。,e.g.,我被骗了,佚名,我在网上和人聊天已有三年多了，遇到过很多人。那些已经和生活中的真人见过面的人一致认为：,“,不能把你的后半生建立在一两个星期的感情基础上。,”,意思是说，不要和你的网上情人仅仅相恋一两个星期就搬进去与他,/,她同居并结婚。这么短的时间无法了解一个人。这倒是真的。我就是统计数字中又一个活生生的例证。,The writer met Jim in an online chatroom in January 1997.,Text A _2_Q,When and where did the writer meet Jim?,2),Paragraph 2-3,3)How did the writer and Jim feel about each other when they finally met that May?,They felt they were very compatible,and their time spent together seemed to affirm everything they were to each other on the Internet.,4)What did Jim request the writer do upon arrival at his house?,Jim requested that the writer get divorced from her husband upon arrival at his house.,Paragraph 2.,5.sordid,:,a,.,particularly unpleasant and shameful,卑鄙的，可耻的,more than a bit sordid,让人听起来有点不舒服,6.abridge,:,vt,.,make(a book,etc.)shorter,esp.,by using fewer words;condense,删节；节略,7.version,:,n,.,account of an event,etc.from the,point of view of one person;special adaptation of,a book,etc.;translation into another language,说,法，描述；版本；译本，译文,e.g.to give an abridge version,长话短说,e.g,.,The two men told different versions of the accident.,e.g.the movie version of“Jane Eyre”,e.g.I have the King James Version of the,Bible,.,这两个人对事故的说法不同。,根据简爱改编的电影,T,我有英王詹姆士一世钦定的圣经英译本。,T,T,Text A _2_ seemingly,8.seemingly,:,ad,.,in appearance;apparently,看上去；表面上,;,似乎,e.g.,They were seemingly unaware of the decision.,T,他们似乎不知道这个决定。,Language Points,Text A _2_ sordid,Language Points,9.The airline tickets were purchased,and the time was set for that May.,机票买好了，见面的时间定在那年的,5,月。,此句中,set,意为,arrange or fix(sth.);decide on(sth.),“,安排、确定或决定,(,某事物,),”,。,e.g.They,havent set a date for their wedding yet,.,他们的婚期还没定下来。,Paragraph 3,10.nestle:adv.&prep settle or lie in a close comfortable position,使舒适地安顿下来；使依偎；,:at the foot of,在,脚下,villages nestling among,/in(lying at the foot of),the mountains,坐落在山间的村庄,/,坐落在山脚下的村庄,11.,blissful,:,a.,extremely happy;joyful,极幸福的；极快乐的,Text A _3_Internet,Language Points,12.attentive:politely helpful,有礼貌,照顾周到的,体贴,13.,affectionate,:,a.,showing affection or love;,fondly tender,表示爱的,;,充满深情的;温柔亲切的,Very attentive and affectionate,温柔又体贴,14.affirm:prove,证实,Text A _3_permanent,15.permanent,:,a.,expected to exist for a long time;not likely to change,持久的；永久的,;,固定的,e.g,.,my permanent address,She is looking for a permanent job.,The disease can cause permanent damage to the brain.,我的固定地址,她正在找一份固定的工作。,T,T,这种病能造成永久性脑损伤。,T,Language Points,Text A _3_give notice,16.,give notice:,inform an employer or an,employee of the termination of a contractual agreement of service,事先提出离职,(,或解职,),通知,e.g.,Her boss gave her a weeks notice.,I gave my landlord a months notice before I moved out.,老板通知她一个星期后离职。,T,在我搬出之前一个月，我通知了房东。,T,Language Points,Text A _3_insist on,17.,insist on:,demand forcefully,not accepting a refusal,坚持，坚决要求,;,坚决主张,e.g.,I always insist on whole-wheat bread.,She insisted on seeing her lawyer.,我一直坚持吃全麦面包。,T,她坚决要求见她的律师。,T,Language Points,They insist on it that citydwellers should not raise chickens.,他们坚决主张城市住户不得养鸡,Text A _3_legal,e.g.,He has a legal right to vote.,Unless the money is paid immediately,we shall be forced to take legal action/proceeding.,他有法定的权利参加选举。,T,除非这钱马上付给我们，否则我们就将被迫提起诉讼。,T,19.,separation,:,n.,formal agreement by a husband and wife not to live together anymore,without actually divorcing,分居,18.proceedings:,n.,legal action,esp.as carried on in a court of law,诉讼,诉讼程序,Chinese Version:Para2)-3),因为我的故事很长，而且听起来也让人不舒服，我就长话短说。,1997,年,1,月，我在网上聊天室里碰到了一个男人,吉姆。我们似乎在一切,方面都有共同点。于是，在我们把闲暇时间全部泡在网上聊天仅仅一个,月后，我们便决定见面。机票买好了，见面的时间定在那年的,5,月。,时间过得真慢，见面的时间终于来了。我们在落基山脉脚下一个景色,怡人的小镇上见了面，一起度过了极幸福的一个星期。他很有绅士风,度，温柔又体贴。我们在一起的时间似乎证实了我们在网上相互感到的,一切，因此我们决定把事情持续下去。回到家里以后，我辞掉工作，告,诉家人我要离开。吉姆坚持的一点是，我在到达他的住处之前，必须和,我的丈夫离婚。可是，在我离家前一周，他又打电话来坚持说，离婚手,续必须在我离开之前办妥。这根本就办不到，因为离婚手续有时能拖上,一年。于是，他说分居证明也行。我按他的要求做了该做的事，把东西,装进汽车，离开了我的家人。,Text A _4_Q,5)As time passed,Jim revealed,露出,his nature sus