1、名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式。名词所有格也称为属格、主格,它主要包括\'s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。 A. 's 所有格的用法 1. 表示有生命的东西的名词末尾加\'s。例如:Jim's bed, the man's wife, children's toys, the fox's tail 2. 以-es或-s结尾的名词末尾加"'s"。例如:the students' books, Teachers' Day, my boss' office, a girls' dormitory 3. 有些表示时间、距离、
2、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词,也可以加's构成所有格。例如:today's newspaper, five minutes' walk, a ton's weight, a dollar's worth of stamps, the moon's rays 4. 表示两者共同拥有的人或物(共有)时,只需要后一个名词加's(或')即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系(各自所有),则每个名词词尾都加上's(或')。例如: Joan and Jane's room(房间属二人共同所有) Joan's and Jane's room(指Joan和Jane各自的房间) an
3、hour and a half’s walk (步行一个半小时的路程) 5. 's所有格所修饰的词的省略现象 (1) 表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。 I met her at the doctor's(office).我在诊所遇见了她。 He has gone to the tailor's(shop). 他到服装店去了。 She went to Mr.Black's(house)yesterday.她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。 (2)名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。例如: Whose pen is
4、this?It's Tom's.这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。 The bike is not mine,but Wang Pinpin's.这辆自行车不是我的,是王品品的。 B. of 所有格的用法--- of所有格由of加名词构成,其用法归纳如下: 1. of所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中。例如:a map of the world, the story of a hero, the windows of the room, the title of the film 2. 用于名词化的词。例如:the sticks of the blind 盲人的拐杖 3. 修饰词较多时
5、也可用of所有格。例如: the very long and graceful tail of the black cat 黑猫的又长又美的尾巴 4. 表示有生命的东西的名词,有时也可以用of所有格。例如: the children of the family 那家的孩子们 5. 某些of所有格和's所有格可以互换。the son of a poor peasant=a poor peasant's son 一个贫农的儿子 6. 某些of所有格和's所有格互换,有时含义却不相同,请比较下面的例子: an old woman's story(一个老妇人讲自己的身世)
6、 the story of an old woman(别人讲一个老妇人的身世) 7. 起修饰作用的名词,如不表示所有关系,通常不用’s。 例 room number,tooth brush C. 双重所有格及其用法 's所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成"of+所有格"形式,即双重的所有格。它通常表示部分观念,即全体中的一部分,在意义上与"one of..."相似,它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。此外,双重所有格与指示代词连用时,常带有感情色彩,如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。它的主要形式如下: 1. 名词+of+名词性物主代词。例如: a good friend of
7、 mine 我的一个好朋友 an interesting story of his 他的有趣的经历 2. 名词+of+'s所有格。例如: He is a friend of my sister's.(=one of my sister's friends)他是我姐姐的一个朋友 Look at that long nose of Jack's.看杰克的那个长鼻子。(感情色彩) 试比较a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张(本人)的照片 a picture of Xiao Zhang's 小张(具有的照片中)的一张照片 3. 不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词(some,an
8、y,many,no,few等)以及which等限定词,一般不与形容词性物主代词或's所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词,而采用of所有格或双重所有格形式。例如: most of the students 学生中的大多数 three of them 他们中的三个人 I have read some books of his.我读过他的一些书 Which book of Qiong Yao's have you read?你读过琼瑶的哪一本书? D. 's所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三者之间的 请仔细比较下面三句话: 1. She is Mary's brother's friend.
9、 2. She is a friend of Mary's brother. 3. She is a friend of Mary's brother's. 1句用的是's所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,突出friend一词。 2句用的是of所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,强调突出了Mary's brother。 3句用的是双重所有格,侧重说明Mary哥哥的朋友不止是一个,她只是其中的一个。 用所给词的适当形式填空: 1.March 8th is __________Day. (woman). 2.Taking twenty __________
10、分钟) exercise every day is good for your health. 3.The shop sells ____________(妇女) handbags. 4.Teachers in western countries have a __________(三个月的) holiday in a year. 5.I’ll give my English teacher a card for ____________Day. (teacher) 6.It’s only ten __________walk from the station to the hot
11、el. (minute) 7.It’s an __________(hour) ride from here to the museum. 选择填空: 1.----How’s Joy’s skirt? ----Her skirt is more beautiful than ________. A.her sister’s and Kate B.her sister and Kate C.her sister and Kate’s D.her sister’s and Kate’s 2.This is _______ room. The twin sisters
12、like it very much. A.Lucy’s and Lily’s B.Lucy’s and Lily C.Lucy and Lily’s 3.In ______ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too. A.few years B.a few years’ C.a few year D.a few year’s 4.We will have a ______holiday after the exam. A. two mont
13、h B. two–month C. two month’s D. two–months 5.Did you hear the ___________report? A. policemen B. policemen’s C. policemens’ D. policemens 6It’sabout____walkfrom my home. A. ten minute B. ten minutes’ C. ten minute’s D. ten minutes 7.This is my
14、dress. That one is ____ A. Mary B. Mary’s C. sister D. mother 8.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ________ to his office. A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk 9.Where is ______ sweater ? I can’t see it. A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy’s
15、 10.___mothers made them have piano lessons. A. Peter and Anne B. Peter’s and Anne’s C. Peter’s and Anne D. Peter and Anne’s 11.The room on the right is ________. A. her B. she C. Lucy’s D. Lucy 12.We’ll have a ____________ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?
16、A. two days B. two-day C. two-days D. two-days’(两天的假期:two days’ holiday/two-day holiday) 13.The market isn’t far from here. It’s only ___________ bicycle ride. A. half an hours’ B. half an hour’s C. half an hour D. an hour and a half 14.Where’s your father ? At _________. A. Mr Gre
17、en’s B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Green’s 15.The twin brothers always put small presents in ___________stockings on Christmas Day. A. each other’s B. each other C. each others D. each others’ 16.My father will have a _________ holiday next month. He’ll take me to Qingdao. A. ten days B. t
18、en days’ C. ten-days D. ten day’s 17.Where have you been these days? I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend ____ A. in Chinese B. of Japan C. of American’s D. from Canada 18When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between--- A. Ted and Ben
19、 B. Ted’s and Ben C. Ted and Ben’s D. Ted’s and Ben’s 19.It is said that SARS has killed more than _______________ people worldwide. A. three hundreds B. three hundreds’ C. three hundred’s D. three hundred 20.Kate won the _______ race in the summer sports meeting. A. 100
20、metre B. 100-metres C. 100 metre D. 100 metre’s (同12题) 21.Whose bike is it ? It’s ____________. A. John B. John’s C. Johns’ D. Johns 22.I’ll give you ________to finish the work. OK. A. two week’s time B. two weeks’ time C. two week time D. two weeks time 23.__
21、 desk is the cleanest in the classroom. A. Ann’s and Tom B. Ann and Tom’s C. Ann and Tom D. Ann’s and Tom’s 24.My pen is black. _________ is blue. A. Kates B. Kate C. Kate’s 25.Is this your room? No, it’s _________room. A. the children B. the children’s
22、 C. of the children D. the childrens’ 26.Who is the man in the blue car? He is __________ father. A. Kate’s and Mary’s B. Kate and Mary’s C. Kate and Mary D. of Kate and Mary Answers:1-5 DCBBB 6-10 BBDCB 11-15 CBBAA 16-20 BDDDA 21-26 BBBCBB 1.Women’s 2. minutes’ 3. women’s 4. three months’ 5. Teachers’ 6. minutes’ 7. hour’s






