2023年浙江省宁波市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

宁波市2023年初中学业水平考试英语试题考生须知：1.全卷分试题卷、试题卷和答题卷。试题卷共8页，有6个大题，61个小题，满分为95分。考试时长为90分钟。2.请将姓名、准考证号分别填写在试题卷和答题卷的规定位置上。3.答题时，把试题卷的答案在答题卷上对应的选项位置用2B铅笔涂黑、涂满。将试题卷答案用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔书写，答案必须按照题号顺序在答题卷各题目规定区域内作答，做在试题卷上或超出答题区域书写的答案无效。试题卷一、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。My grandfather often said “I wont” to show his dislike of dishonesty（不诚实）. When he was young, he worked _1_ a furniture（家具）maker. One day, a neighbor invited him to make some furniture. When arriving, he noticed the wood provided was a little _2_, so he said, “I wont start right away.” He chose to let the wood dry for a month. He knew working with wet wood could cause _3_ later on.Around the same time, another furniture maker was also asked for a _4_ job by a different family. Unlike my grandfather, he _5_ working right away. As a result, the neighbor started doubting my grandfather, thinking he was trying to make more money by _6_ the work. However, my grandfather waited _7_. He wanted the best quality for the furniture he was making.A month later, the other furniture maker received his _8_ and went back home. My grandfather began to _9_ strong and beautiful furniture when the wood was completely dry. A few months passed and the furniture made by that maker began to break. The neighbor then regretted _10_ my grandfather and said sorry to him. People came to understand his _11_ and skill, spreading his fame far and wide.Influenced by my grandfather, my father also follows the _12_ of “I wont”. He always provides the freshest food, which makes his restaurant very _13_ in town. Once a trader wanted to sell some cheap but smelly seafood to my father, he said “No!” and stopped the _14_.Now, my brother and I keep in mind _15_ our grandfather and father taught us. Through ups and downs in life, weve come to deeply understand our family value behind this sayingto be truthful and honest.1. A. asB. byC. likeD. with2. A. hardB. lightC. softD. wet3. A. fireB. illnessC. pollutionD. problems4. A. magicB. normalC. similarD. special5. A. beganB. canceledC. keptD. stopped6. A. checking outB. giving upC. putting offD. turning down7. A. excitedlyB. patientlyC. sadlyD. worriedly8. A. foodB. furnitureC. moneyD. wood9. A. cleanB. makeC. moveD. repair10. A. answeringB. believingC. comfortingD. doubting11. A. fairnessB. honestyC. loveD. politeness12. A. joyB. planC. shapeD. value13. A. beautifulB. convenientC. peacefulD. popular14. A. businessB. competitionC. interviewD. survey15. A. howB. whatC. whenD. why【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B【解析】【导语】本文通过讲述作者祖父和父亲的故事，告诉我们他们的家庭价值观诚实守信。【1题详解】句意：当他年轻的时候，他是一名家具制造者。as作为；by借助；like像；with和。work as.意为“担任工作”，固定短语。故选A。【2题详解】句意：当他到达时，他注意到提供的木头有点湿，所以他说：“我不马上开始。”hard艰难的；light轻的；soft软的；wet潮湿的。根据“He chose to let the wood dry for a month. He knew working with wet wood.”可知木头是潮湿的。故选D。【3题详解】句意：他知道用湿木头干活以后可能会出问题。fire火；illness疾病；pollution污染；problems问题。根据“A few months passed and the furniture made by that maker began to break可知湿木头会导致问题。故选D。【4题详解】句意：大约在同一时间，另一个家具制造者也被另一个家庭要求做类似的工作。magic神奇的；normal正常的；similar相似的；special特殊的。根据“Around the same time, another furniture maker was also asked for a.job by a different family.”可知这个家具制造者和作者祖父一样做类似的工作。故选C。【5题详解】句意：不像我的祖父，他马上开始工作。began开始；canceled取消；kept保持；stopped停止。根据“Unlike my grandfather, he.working right away.”可知这个家具制造者立即开始工作了。故选A。【6题详解】句意：结果，邻居开始怀疑我的祖父，认为他是想通过拖延工作来赚更多的钱。checking out结帐；giving up放弃；putting off推迟；turning down拒绝。根据“the neighbor started doubting my grandfather,”可知作者祖父没有立即工作，被邻居怀疑想拖延来赚钱。故选C。【7题详解】句意：然而，爷爷耐心地等待着。excitedly兴奋地；patiently有耐心地；sadly悲伤地；worriedly担心地。根据He wanted the best quality for the furniture he was making.”可知作者爷爷耐心地等待木头变干。故选B。【8题详解】句意：一个月后，另一个家具制造者收到了他钱，回家了。food食物；furniture家具；money钱；wood木头。根据“A month later, the other furniture maker received his.and went back home.”可知做完工作应是收到钱。故选C。【9题详解】句意：当木材完全干燥时，我的祖父开始制作坚固而漂亮的家具。clean清理；make制作；move移动；repair修理。根据“strong and beautiful furniture”可知是制作家具。故选B。【10题详解】句意：邻居后来后悔怀疑了我的祖父，并向他道歉。answering回答；believing相信；comforting安慰；doubting怀疑。根据“As a result, the neighbor started doubting my grandfather, thinking he was trying to make more money”和“and said sorry to him.”可知是后悔怀疑了作者祖父。故选D。【11题详解】句意：人们开始了解他的诚实和技巧，使他名声远扬。fairness公平；honesty诚实；love爱；politeness礼貌。根据“People came to understand his.and skill, spreading his fame far and wide.”和“to be truthful and honest.”可知祖父是诚实的。故选B。【12题详解】句意：受我祖父的影响，我父亲也遵循“我不会”的价值观。joy开心；plan计划；shape形状；value价值。根据“weve come to deeply understand our family value behind this saying”可知我不会”是祖父做事的价值观。故选D。【13题详解】句意：他总是提供最新鲜的食物，这使他的餐馆在镇上很受欢迎。beautiful漂亮的；convenient方便的；peaceful和平的；popular受欢迎的。根据“He always provides the freshest food,”可知作者父亲的餐馆很受欢迎。故选D。【14题详解】句意：然后停止了生意。business生意；competition竞争；interview采访；survey调查。根据“Once a trader wanted to sell some cheap but smelly seafood to my father, he said No!”可知因为不要不新鲜的食物，所以停止了生意。故选A。【15题详解】句意：现在，我哥哥和我牢记着祖父和父亲教给我们的东西。how如何；what什么；when什么时候；why为什么。根据“our grandfather and father taught us.”可知空处作动词的宾语，需用what。故选B。二、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(A)How can I help you?Dr. Know will try her best to help with all your problems.Dear Doctor,I am a sixteen-year-old student and Ive been experiencing lots of back pain and headaches lately. Im unsure about the cause. Like some of my friends, I spend my evenings playing computer games and surfing the internet. Whats more, I carry a heavy schoolbag to school daily. Im just an ordinary student, but these health problems are starting to worry me. What can I do?AdamDear Adam,Im unable to tell you exactly whats wrong, but I can offer some advice. First of all, dont spend too much time on your computer, and stop using it late at night. Its important for teenagers to get enough sleep. Also, you get headaches from looking at computer screens for a long time. If you sit on a chair for long, it can make your back sore too. As for your schoolbag, its important to manage its weight. Take anything you dont need out of your schoolbag. If possible, leave some books or materials at school.I hope my advice is helpful. Anyway, I strongly recommend（推荐）you visit a local doctor for that.Dr. Know16. How does Adam probably feel about his situation?A. Angry.B. Excited.C. Happy.D. Worried.17. Which of the following is Dr. Knows advice for Adam?A. To see a local doctor.B. To leave all books at school.C. To take some medicine.D. To stop using his computer.18. In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear?A. Science StudyB. Sports NewsC. Teenagers LifeD. Travel Stories【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了两封信的内容：一名学生Adam写给Dr. Know的求助信，以及医生的回信。【16题详解】推理判断题。根据“I am a sixteen-year-old student and Ive been experiencing lots of back pain and headaches lately.”和“Im just an ordinary student, but these health problems are starting to worry me.”可知Adam遇到了很多健康问题，可推知他是很担忧的。故选D。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据“I hope my advice is helpful. Anyway, I strongly recommend（推荐）you visit a local doctor for that.”可知Dr. Know建议Adam去看当地的医生。故选A。【18题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍了两封信的内容：一名学生Adam写给Dr. Know的求助信，以及医生的回信，应该可以在报纸上的“青少年的生活”板块看到这篇文章。故选C。(B)It was the last day of the school year. The classroom was filled with excitement. When our teacher, Mr. Johnson, walked in, holding a CD player, everyones face lit up with a smile. We knew that this wasnt going to be another normal day, but a special one.“Please calm down and sit,” said Mr. Johnson, “Im glad everyones here for the final reading test of the year.” When everyone cried, Mr. Johnson laughed, saying it was just a joke. Then he reminded us that we still had a job to do. “You need to clean out your desks and put all your things into your backpacks.” he added gently.As we began our task, Mr. Johnson turned on the CD player. The lively music made the room feel like a party. Some of us started singing along with the music, others were dancing around their desks while they were cleaning them out. Even Mr. Johnson showed us a few dance steps, making everyone laugh heartily. After we finished cleaning, someone asked, “When is break time?” Mr. Johnson took out some balls and started playing with them. Suddenly, he let the balls drop and said, “Break time starts . now!”Just as we were about to rush out, our headmaster, Mrs. Miller, appeared at the door. “Mr. Johnson!” she cried out. A moment of silence fell over the room as we thought, “Mr. Johnson might be in trouble.” However, to our surprise, Mrs. Miller couldnt help but laugh at the sight and left us to enjoy our break.During break time, Mr. Johnson surprised us with another treat. He went to the cafe and came back with ice creams for everyone. We all cheered for him!As we walked back to the classroom, we passed Mrs. Millers office. Someone joked, “Dont play with the ice creams, Mr. Johnson!” We all laughed together.19. What is the correct order of the following activities?Mr. Johnson played with balls. Students got ice creams happily.Students did the cleaning. Mr. Johnson joked about having a test.A. B. C. D. 20. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Balls.B. CDs.C. Desks.D. Backpacks.21. Which sentence in the passage shows that the headmaster is kind?A. ., Mrs. Miller, appeared at the door.B. Mr. Johnson might be in trouble.C. Mrs. Miller couldnt help but laugh.D. “Mr. Johnson!” she cried out.22. Which of the following most probably happened at the end of the story?A. The students went back home happily.B. Mr. Johnson became angry with the students.C. The students still had a reading test.D. Mrs. Miller came out running after the students.【答案】19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A【解析】【导语】本文讲述了在学年的最后一天，学生和老师度过了开心的一天。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据“said Mr. Johnson, Im glad everyones here for the final reading test of the year.”可知Johnson老师首先开玩笑说要考试；根据“Then he reminded us that we still had a job to do. You need to clean out your desks and put all your things into your backpacks. he added gently.”可知接着提醒学生们要清理桌子。即前两件事顺序为。故选D。【20题详解】词句猜测题。根据“others were dancing around their desks while they were cleaning them out.”可知一些人在打扫桌子时围着桌子跳舞。划线部分“them”指代前文“their desks”。故选C。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据“However, to our surprise, Mrs. Miller couldnt help but laugh at the sight and left us to enjoy our break.”可知However表示转折，此处是指校长Miller是很善良的，让学生们享受休息时间。故选C。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据“We all laughed together.”和全文可知在学年的最后一天，学生们都很开心，可推知接下来学生高兴地回家了。故选A。(C)Have you ever thought about whats more important, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You might have noticed many people choosing style over comfort and some even go to extremes（极端）to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isnt everything. Its more important to be healthy.Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets（日常饮食）that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live?Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and it can increase risks of falls. Some even wear tight（紧的）clothes that influence blood circulation（循环）making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health?Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money?So, lets rethink whats really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles dont tell us anything about a persons character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, lets eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, your worth is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person.23. Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage?A. Because the diets are healthy.B. Because they just want to look good.C. Because they want to save time.D. Because they want to save money.24. What is the writers purpose of using a question in each paragraph?A. To ask for help from readers.B. To tell how to spend time and money.C. To describe the latest fashion.D. To lead readers to think about the topic.25. What does the underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Growth.B. Health.C. Warmth.D. Wealth.26. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?A. B. C. D. 【答案】23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由你这个人决定的。健康的生活才是最重要的。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets（日常饮食）that are not good for their health.”可知，因为他们想看起来好看，故选B。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据“Its more important to be healthy”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了让读者思考“健康才是更重要的”这个主题，故选D。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Is it a healthy way to live”“Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health”及“Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以划线单词与health同义，故选B。【26题详解】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出本文的主题，第二段到第四段介绍人们为了追求时尚的一些不健康生活方式；第五段是总结，故选A。(D)Plants are more than just pretty to look at. They give us fruits, vegetables and food we eat. Some plants even provide materials for medicine or building things. But do you know that plants can do something even more amazing? They can make our homes, schools and workplaces much healthier.We spend a large part of our day indoors. Unluckily, the air inside buildings can often be full of chemicals（化学物质）from many things around us. This poor air quality（质量）can make us feel sick, causing sore eyes and throats, and even making it hard for us to breathe. When the air inside buildings gets really bad, people even call them “sick buildings”.The good news is that plants are like natures little superheroes. They have a magic power fighting against bad air. Plants breathe in carbon dioxide (CO2) and breathe out oxygen (O2) which we humans need to live. They can also add moisture to the air if its too dry, making it more comfortable for us to breathe._ Scientists have discovered that plants have the ability to take in harmful chemi