汉英翻译第一章文化负载词(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Chinese-English Translation,Review,What is the smallest unit of translation?,-Sentence.,What are the criteria of translation?,-“,信、达、雅”,faithfulness and coherence.,Since we learned some basic theoretical knowledge last term,we will enter into a higher level of learning-Chinese-English translation.,1,The contrast of Chinese and English,English Chinese,More nouns,More verbs,Hypotaxis,（形合）,Parataxis(,意合）,Long sentences,Short sentences,There exists some coincidence between western culture and Chinese culture,but there are more culure disparities between the two.Chinses bears its own complexity.P6,2,文学方面,戛戛乎难哉,【,解 释,】,形容困难,;,费力,【,出 处,】,当其取于心而注于手也，,惟陈言之务去,，戛戛乎其难哉,!,唐,韩愈,答李翊书,【,示 例,】,邹韬奋,抗战以来,三谈抗日各党派对宪政的要求,：“如此行政，以应付二十世纪之现代战争，实戛戛乎其难矣。”,3,金陵十二钗,金陵十二钗,，,红楼梦,的别名，也是,红楼梦,里,太虚幻境,薄命司里记录的十二个女子。,金陵,是“,南京,”的法定同义词，所以,金陵十二钗,又可以称为,南京十二钗,。作者,曹雪芹,以,金陵十二钗正册,林黛玉、,薛宝钗,贾元春,、,贾探春,、,史湘云,、,妙玉,、,贾迎春,、,贾惜春,、,王熙凤,、,贾巧姐,、,李纨,、,秦可卿,为主线，描写当时的社会生活、婚丧祭祀制度、服装穿戴、饮食药膳、建筑亭阁、舟车行轿、等等方面。,The twelve ladies of Jinling,4,文化方面,兔儿爷，全不干人事儿。,-,风声,The faggot knows perfectly well.Just exactly what Im talking about.,兔儿爷是旧京中秋应节应令的儿童玩具。人们按照月宫里有嫦娥玉兔的说法，把玉兔进一步艺术化、人格化，乃至神化，之后，用泥巴塑造成各种不同形式的兔儿爷。,5,关于兔儿爷还有一段传说：一年，,北京城,里忽然起了瘟疫，几乎每家都有人得了，就治不好。嫦娥看到此情景，心里十分难过，就派身边的玉兔去为百姓们治病。玉兔变成了一个少女，她挨家挨户地走，治好了很多人。人们为了感谢玉兔，纷纷送东西给她；可玉兔什么也不要，只是向别人借衣服穿，每到一处就换一身装扮，有时候打扮得像个卖油的，有时候又像个算命的,一会儿是男人装束，一会儿又是女人打扮。为了能给更多的人治病，玉兔就骑上马、鹿或狮子、老虎，走遍了,京城内外,。消除了京城的瘟疫之后，玉兔就回到月宫中去了。于是，人们用泥塑造了玉兔的形象，有骑鹿的，有乘凤的，有披挂着铠甲的，也有身着各种做工人的衣服的，千姿百态，非常可爱。每到农历八月十五那一天，家家都要供奉她，给她摆上好吃的瓜果菜豆，用来酬谢她给人间带来的吉祥和幸福，还亲切地称她为“,兔爷儿,”、“兔奶奶”。,6,花柳巷,窑子,妓院,Red-light district,7,汉语特有词汇,势如破竹,With irresistable force,失之交臂,Just miss the person or opportunity,自投罗网,Walk right into the trap,8,Culture-loaded words,1.Please find out the words with Chinese characteristics in the passage on page 23.,2.how does the writer translate these words on the next page?,3.how do you call these words with Chinese characteristices?,9,文化负载词（,cultural loaded word,）：是具有特定民族文化内涵的词语，是在其原始意义或概念意义上，蕴含丰富的社会文化意义的词语。,每个国家、每个民族都有其独特的发展历史、社会制度、生态环境、宗教信仰、民情风俗等，因此每一种语言都有其特定的词汇、成语、典故等。文化负载词反映的就是这些观念和事物。,10,文化负,载词的翻译方法,1.,直译法,1,）龙舟,2,）八宝菜,3,）文化大革命,4,）纸老虎,5,）号脉,6,）春节,7,）春卷,Dragon boat,Eight-treasure pickles,Cultural Revolution,Paper tiger,Feel the pulse,Spring Festival,Spring roll,11,剪纸,长征,大字报,满月酒,One-month-old Birthday Feast,Big character poster,The Long March,Paper-cut,12,8),他是初生牛犊不怕虎,He is like a new-born calf which is not afraid of a tiger.,9),就算你是个好汉，黑旋风可并不是好惹的！,You are a hero now,but youd better not get across Black Whirlwind.,10),瘦死的骆驼比马大,A starved camel is still bigger than a horse!,13,意译法,(free translation),1,）皮蛋,2,）元宵,Sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour.,3,）拜堂,Perform the marriage ceremony,4,）拔火罐,Preserved egg,cupping,14,斗拱,斗拱是我国传统建筑特有的榫卯交错结构而成的的承重构件，位于柱子顶部、额枋和屋顶之间的立柱与梁架的结合处。仿木砖雕斗拱出现较早，主要起装饰作用。斗拱除造型变化的装饰作用外，其各个部位的龙、凤、象首形砖雕非常有特色。,Corbel construction,15,练摊,To be a vendor,/to do business,二胡,Two stringed fiddle,砚台,inkstone,16,总是有人捣乱的，但决不要使他们成气候。,There are bound to be people who make trouble,but we must not let them get the upper hand.,我是骂了他，但是我是逼上梁山才这样做的。,I did call him names,only because I had been driven to it.,吃的上路饭吗？,Is this supposed to be our last supper?,17,3.,音译法,(transliteration),太极,Taiji,阴阳,Yin and Yang,武术,Wushu,秧歌,Yangko,气功,Qigong,4.,直译,+,音译,宣纸,xuan paper,18,Practice:,1.,我俩不仅是青梅竹马，而且现在在同一个部门。,We not only grew up together,but also work in the same department.,2.,跟小偷做朋友的人能多好啊？近朱者赤近墨者黑。,Could the one who makes friends with thieves be good?One takes on the color of ones company.,3.,桂林山水甲天下。,East or west,Guilin landscape is the best!,19,4.Jack,学习成绩一直很好想不到这次考试中却败走麦城。,Although Jack has performed well in study,he met his waterloo in this exam with expectation.,5.,赵爷今年五十九，两个儿子，四个孙子，老两口夫妻齐眉，只却是个布衣。,-,儒林外史,Mr.Zhao is fifty nine this year and has two sons and four grandsons while his wife has grown old with him;he is still an ordinary citizen.,杨宪益,6.,在中国，每年清明节我们要给逝去的亲人烧纸钱。,In China,we burn ghost money for departed families during Qingming festival every year.,20,