2023年浙江省嘉兴市、舟山市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

英语
卷一
说明: 本卷共有两大题, 30小题, 满分45分。
一、完形填空(本题有15小题, 每小题1分, 共计15分)
阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

On her way to school, Amber Williams found a penny(一分钱) on the ground. “See a penny, pick it up. All day long, you’ll be ___1___ .” Remembering the song, she quickly picked it up.
“I’ve never seen you smile so big, Amber.” She ___2___ and saw Bella, the most popular girl in her class. They’d hardly spoken before, although they lived on the same ___3___ . “Was it because of the penny?” she thought.
Over the next few hours, Amber had the best time ever. She got the ___4___ answer in the math class. She found a five-dollar bill in her backpack. The most ___5___ moment came as she got a full mark in the history test. Mr. Smith praised her in class and everyone was ___6___ for her.
“That’s it. I’ll go nowhere without this penny” she decided.
Things kept going ___7___ until school was over. Amber found the penny gone. She checked her backpack and then all her pockets. ___8___ was not there. Sitting at her desk, she felt like she was going to ___9___ .
A hand suddenly appeared in front of her face. “Are you OK? Do you need some ___10___ ?”
Amber recognized that voice. It was Bella. Though a bit shy, she told Bella about ___11___ the penny changed her life of bad luck. When she finished her ___12___, Bella laughed.
“I don’t think the penny did so much. I talked to you as you always seemed cool. ___13___ you are always a good student. I’m sure you studied ___14___ the test last night didn’t you?”
It took Amber a minute to ___15___ Bella. “I think you’re right,” she held her new friend’s hand and smiled. “I’m making my own luck from now on.”
1. A. busy B. funny C. sorry D. lucky
2. A. ran away B. fell down C. walked out D. looked around
3. A. bus B. beach C. street D. bridge
4. A. silly B. short C. strange D. right
5. A. exciting B. tiring C. interesting D. boring
6. A. dancing B. looking C. cheering D. waiting
7. A. smoothly B. seriously C. terribly D. conveniently
8. A. I B. It C. He D. She
9. A. cry B. fly C. sing D. leave
10. A. work B. help C. practice D. information
11. A. how B. why C. when D. where
12. A. task B. story C. trip D. lesson
13. A. So B. Or C. And D. But
14. A. in B. for C. after D. without
15. A. doubt B. excuse C. respect D. understand
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Amber Williams原本以为是捡到的一分钱让自己变得很幸运地，实际上是自已一直很努力，才让自己变得很幸运。
【1题详解】
句意：一整天，你都会很幸运的。
busy忙碌的；funny有趣的；sorry抱歉；lucky幸运的。根据“See a penny, pick it up.”可知，看到一分钱，把它捡起来，一整天会很幸运，故选D。
【2题详解】
句意：她环顾四周，看到了Bella，她是班上最受欢迎的女孩。
ran away跑走；fell down摔落；walked out小心；looked around环顾四周。根据“saw Bella, the most popular girl in her class.”可知，环顾四周，故选D。
【3题详解】
句意：虽然他们住在同一条街上，但她们以前几乎没有说过话。
bus公交车；beach海滩；street街道；bridge桥。根据“although they lived on the same”可知，住在相同的街道，故选C。
【4题详解】
句意：她在数学课上答对了。
silly愚蠢的；short短的；strange奇怪的；right正确的。根据“answer in the math class”可知，在数学课上得到了正确的答案，故选D。
【5题详解】
句意：最激动人心的时刻是她在历史考试中得了满分。
exciting令人兴奋的；tiring令人疲劳的；interesting有趣的；boring无聊的。根据“as she got a full mark in the history test”可知，得了满分，因此很开心，故选A。
【6题详解】
句意：Smith先生在课堂上表扬了她，每个人都为她欢呼。
dancing跳舞；looking看；cheering欢呼；waiting等待。根据“Mr. Smith praised her in class”可知，每个人为她欢呼，故选C。
【7题详解】
句意：一切都很顺利，直到放学。
smoothly顺利地；seriously严肃地；terribly可怕地；conveniently方便地。根据“ I’ll go nowhere without this penny”可知，事情一直很顺利，故选A。
【8题详解】
句意：它不在那里。
I我；It它；He他；She她。根据“She checked her backpack and then all her pockets.”可知，一分钱不见了，it代指penny，故选B。
【9题详解】
句意：坐在桌子前，她觉得自己快要哭出来了。
cry哭；fly飞；sing唱歌；leave离开。根据“she felt like”可知，感觉要哭出来了，故选A。
【10题详解】
句意：你需要帮助吗？
work工作；help帮助；practice练习；information信息。根据“Are you OK?”可知，询问是否需要帮助，故选B。
【11题详解】
句意：尽管有点害羞，她还是告诉了贝拉一分钱是如何改变了她不幸的生活。
how如何；why为什么；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“the penny changed her life of bad luck”可知，告知对方一分钱如何改变了她的坏运气，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：当她讲完故事时，Bella笑了。
task任务；story故事；trip旅行；lesson教训。根据“When she finished her”可知，讲完自己的故事，故选B。
【13题详解】
句意：你一直是一个好学生。
So所以；Or否则；And和；But但是。根据“ you are always a good student”可知，与上一句是并列关系，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：我相信你昨晚为考试学习了，是吗?
in在……里；for为了；after在……之后；without没有。根据“the test last night”可知，为考试而学习，故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：Amber花了一分钟才明白Bella的意思。
doubt怀疑；excuse借口；respect尊敬；understand理解。根据“I think you’re right”可知，Amber理解Bella说的话，故选D。
二、阅读理解(本题有15小题, 每小题2分, 共计30分)
阅读下面四篇材料, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Pets and Their People
By Jess French

Do you have a pet? Would you like to get one? This book has everything you need to know about caring for animals.
☆It’s full of facts and helpful advice and gives lots of information about some of the most popular pets such as cats, dogs, fish and so on, as well as more unusual ones like snakes and lizards(蜥蜴).
☆You’ll find out how to choose the right pet for your family and how to care for them, including feeding and training. You’ll also find out about the origins(起源) of pets, their behaviour and the different ways they communicate.

As an animal doctor, I love all animals and I’ve had many pets in my life, from dogs to insects. People often ask me how they can best look after their pets. I thought it was time for me to put all my answers down together, so I wrote this book.

16. From the book Pets and Their People, we can learn about ________.
A. advice on keeping pets B. the history of animal hospitals
C. ways of caring for our family D. information about animals in danger
17. From the text, we can know that Jess French is ________.
A. a family doctor B. an animal lover
C. good at drawing animals D. ready to help her students
18. What is the text?
A. A survey. B. A diary. C. An ad. D. An email.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一本关于宠物的书。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“You’ll find out how to choose the right pet for your family and how to care for them”可知书中给出了一些饲养宠物的建议。故选A。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“As an animal doctor, I love all animals”可知她爱动物。故选B。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一本关于宠物的书，建议人们购买这本书，所以本文是一个广告。故选C。
B
Kendall Johnson spends a lot of time playing in the dirt(泥土). She has a huge garden that produces over 100 pounds of food each year! But for this seven-year-old kid, gardening isn’t just about fruits and vegetables. It’s about people. “My favourite thing about growing food is doing it with my family and friends,” she says.
Kendall began gardening at the age of three, when her grandmother gave her some green stems(茎). “Grandma told me not to throw them away, because if we put them in the ground, they will grow back,” she says. She tried it and was amazed when the stems grew new leaves.
Soon after, her parents built a small backyard garden. When her friends came over, Kendall enjoyed sharing what she knew. She says, “My friends loved that. And they helped me water and care for the plants.”
When she was six, she became the youngest certified(有资质的) farmer in Georgia, the USA. Today, her garden has grown larger, including sixty plant beds and twelve trees! Kendall says, “When the vegetables and fruits are ready, I pick them. I do a food sale so other kids and families can have some.” People who don’t have enough food are invited to take what they need.
Kendall wants to inspire other kids too. She speaks at libraries and schools, and hosts a community garden club for kids. “I also invite kids to visit my garden and help with it, so they can see how fun it is,” she says. “Growing food takes a lot of work, but together you can do it.”
19. Kendall might become interested in gardening when ________.
A. she found the stems grew well in water B. she learned green stems could grow back
C. her parents bought a small backyard garden D. her friends shared what they knew about plants
20. Which is one of the ways Kendall deals with her vegetables and fruits?
A. She keeps them in the backyard. B. She sells them in large stores.
C. She puts them away for her family. D. She gives them away to people in need.
21. The underlined word “inspire” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A. protect B. satisfy C. encourage D. introduce
22. Which of the following best describes Kendall according to the passage?
A. Shy. B. Strict. C. Honest. D. Helpful.
【答案】19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Kendall擅长园艺并帮助有需要的人。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据“She tried it and was amazed when the stems grew new leaves.”可知，当茎长出新叶时，她感到很惊讶，从那时起开始对园艺感兴趣，故选B。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据“And they helped me water and care for the plants.”可知，她把食物给有需要的人，故选D。
【21题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“She speaks at libraries and schools, and hosts a community garden club for kids.”可知，她在图书馆和学校演讲，并为孩子们主持一个社区园艺俱乐部。推测出她想鼓励其他孩子也这么做，因此“inspire”意为“encourage”，故选C。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据“People who don’t have enough food are invited to take what they need.”可知，没有足够食物的人被邀请带走他们需要的东西，可见Kendall是个乐于助人的人，故选D。
C
What time is it? The answer you give can be different, because you are in different Earth’s time zones(时区). But how could you tell the time if you aren’t anywhere on Earth?
Scientists are now thinking of creating a lunar(月球的) time zone. They believe it would be better for astronauts to communicate by using Moon Time, as they travel to, from, and across the Moon. At the moment, astronauts are using time zones of their own countries. But there could be safety problems caused by the differences in time-telling.
_______ Gravity(引力) influences how quickly or slowly time passes. Since gravity is weaker on the Moon, clocks run a bit faster there. After 24 hours, a lunar clock would be 56 microseconds ahead of a clock on Earth. Another point to consider is that a full day on Earth is about 24 hours between two sunsets. While on the Moon, it is nearly 709 hours, about 29.5 Earth days. This means that lunar nights can be around two weeks long, with only the Earth and the stars in the sky. With all this to think about, scientists need to decide whether it would be better to follow a time zone on Earth, or for the Moon to have its own special zone, which would have much longer days.
Scientists must consider other problems too. For example, who should be responsible for keeping the time zone going? And how can it be made practical for astronauts to use?
There are more countries planning Moon trips in the future. The idea of creating a time zone on the Moon would make these easier. And if a lunar time zone is set up, scientists could create time zones for other planets like Mars.
23. Scientists think that a lunar time zone can ________.
A. keep the Moon clean B. keep astronauts healthy
C. make the Moon trips safer D. make space travel faster
24. Which of the following can be put in the blank ________ in Paragraph 3?
A. Setting up a lunar time zone is not easy.
B. Setting up a special time zone is important.
C. Scientists are holding different opinions.
D. Scientists need to do a lot of experiments.
25. If the Moon has its own special time zone, a full day of it can be about ________ on Earth.
A. 56 microseconds B. 24 hours C. two weeks D. 29.5 days
26. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To give information about space travel. B. To introduce the idea of Moon Time.
C. To describe an experience of time travel. D. To share news about landing on Mars.
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家们正在考虑建立一个月球时区。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But there could be safety problems caused by the differences in time-telling.”可知，计时方式的差异可能会导致安全问题，因此建立月球时区可以使得月球之行更安全，故选 C。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“ Gravity(引力) influences how quickly or slowly time passes.”可知，重力影响时间快慢，因此建立月球时区并不容易。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“While on the Moon, it is nearly 709 hours, about 29.5 Earth days.”可知，而在月球上，它接近709小时，大约是29.5个地球日。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容和“What time is it? The answer you give can be different, because you are in different Earth’s time zones(时区). But how could you tell the time if you aren’t anywhere on Earth?”可知，本文主要探讨了建立月球时区。故选B。
D
Roger Federer, a world-famous sports star, quit(放弃) the 2020 Olympic Games to deal with his knee problem. It was a hard decision because no one wanted to be a quitter. But finding the courage to let go can be good for you.
Nothing is fun all the time. Sticking at something difficult teaches us important skills like perseverance(毅力). However, learning to let go when things aren’t right is important too. Maybe your heart isn’t in playing the piano any more, or you only play football because your friends do and you want to try a different sport instead. Making the decision to walk away can free up time and energy to spend on something you really enjoy. In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life.
But how can you know it’s time to stop and move on? Eric Bean is an expert in sports psychology(心理学) who helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter of black and white.” He suggests thinking carefully about why you aren’t enjoying something any more. Is it because you’ve argued with a teammate or can’t get on with a new art teacher? Talk about this with a trusted adult or friend. That can help you decide whether you should stay and stick, or quit and move on.

Quitting doesn’t have to mean totally giving up, though. For example, playing an instrument might be more fun if you take away the pressure of exams. If you do decide to give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up another where you can still enjoy things like teamwork, creativity, and exercise.
27. The writer mentions “Roger Federer” in Paragraph 1 to show that ________.
A we should never give up B. we should get away from trouble
C. it’s all right to stop and quit D. it’s difficult to win Olympic medals
28. According to Paragraph 2, learning to let go is important because we can ______
A. learn about perseverance B. have enough money to spend
C. live a busier and fuller life D. feel more confident in ourselves
29. By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3, Eric Bean means that ________.
A. it’s not good to stick at things we don’t like
B. we should think twice before quitting an activity
C. we don’t have to take exams to show our true abilities
D. it’s wiser to pick up a new hobby than to keep the old one
30. Which could be the best title for the passage?
A. Knowing When to Stop B. Working Hard to Move on
C. Learning How to Grow up D. Starting Early to Make Changes
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了人们应该知道何时停止。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据“But finding the courage to let go can be good for you.”以及“In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life.”可知，以“Roger Federer”为例是为了说明有时放弃也是好的，故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life.”可知，放弃你无法达到的目标，或者你不想要的目标，可以建立你的信心，帮助你过上更快乐、更健康的生活。故选D。
【29