2024年山东省烟台市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

2024年烟台市初中学业水平考试
英语试题
注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页，满分90分，考试用时100分钟。
2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
3.选择题用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的选项涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后再选涂其它选项。
4.非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目的相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不能使用涂改液等。
5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Everyone knows some teachers who whole-heartedly help their students learn and grow. This year, Teacher Appreciation (感谢) Week starts from May 6. To celebrate it, we asked some kids to make cards to thank the teachers who inspired them greatly. Let’s enjoy some of their works and think about which teacher inspires you.

1. How did students celebrate this year’s Teacher Appreciation Week?
A. By writing thank-you cards. B. By helping their teachers.
C. By sending teachers presents. D. By telephoning their teachers.
2. What problem did Harper probably have in the past?
A. He was afraid of speaking in class. B. He had difficulty in reading and writing.
C. He didn’t get along well with his parents. D. He was too shy to communicate with others.
3. What do Mrs. Elizabeth White and Mrs. Taylor have in common?
A. They are strict. B. They are humorous.
C. They are energetic. D. They are encouraging.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要展示几个学生在教师感恩周为感谢老师所做的卡片。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To celebrate it, we asked some kids to make cards to thank the teachers who inspired them greatly”可知，今年学生们制作一些卡片来感谢老师，故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据“You have helped me to clear the way to communicate with my parents”可推断，Harper在过去与父母沟通可能有问题，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Thank you! Mrs. Elizabeth White”“For your continuous guidance and encouragement throughout the school year”以及“Thank you! Mrs. Taylor”“You always believe in me and encourage me to follow my passions and dreams”可知，这两位老师的共同之处就是他们很鼓舞人心，故选D。
B
Last December, when An Lingfei, a doctor from an Inner Mongolia medical team, arrived in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda (卢旺达), he set up a center in the Masaka District Hospital. Since then, the China-Rwanda Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Treatment Center has increased in popularity.
According to An, the center now receives an average of more than 30 people daily, with most of them suffering from lower back pain or knee and ankle joint (踝关节) pain. Rwanda is known as the land of a thousand hills. Locals often have to walk on mountain roads year-round, which can lead to joint stress.
“TCM has great advantages in treating these diseases, and the effects are very good.” An said. “The center now provides most kinds of TCM treatments, allowing local people to experience Eastern medicine.”
Naomin, a 60-year-old patient, is amazed by TCM. She was unable to walk due to serious pain in both knees and ankles. But after a month of treatment at the center, she is now able to walk around with a walking stick. “The treatment has been a huge help,” she said.
Another patient, Mukagatare, said that his back pain disappeared after three TCM treatments. According to him, doctors at the local hospitals had been unable to make a clear diagnosis (诊断) after many examinations, let alone reduce the pain.
Besides treating patients, the center also educates locals about TCM and Chinese culture.
Up to now, TCM has spread to nearly 200 countries and areas, with its worldwide influence continuously growing. “From treating a common cold to chronic (慢性的) and difficult diseases. TCM can all play an important role,” a Chinese expert said.
4. Where did An Lingfei set up the TCM Treatment Center?
A. In China. B. In Kigali. C. In his home. D. In Inner Mongolia.
5. Why do many locals in Rwanda suffer from joint pain?
A. Because their average ages are over sixty.
B. Because they are given a wrong diagnosis.
C. Because they can’t go to the local hospitals.
D. Because they often walk on mountain roads.
6. What improvement did Naomin achieve after a month of TCM treatment?
A. Her back pain disappeared. B. Her knees didn’t hurt anymore.
C. She could move around again. D. She didn’t need a walking stick.
7. What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A. The local hospitals in Rwanda are not responsible.
B. There are no effective ways to treat chronic diseases.
C. TCM will have increasing popularity around the world.
D. An’s center mainly focuses on spreading Chinese culture.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一位来自内蒙古医疗队的医生，抵达卢旺达首都基加利后，他在Masaka地区医院建立了一个中心，这个中心接收一些需要中医治疗的患者，本文分享了受益中医治疗患者的感想。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Last December when An Lingfei, a doctor from an Inner Mongolia medical team, arrived in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda (卢旺达), he set up a center in the Masaka District Hospital”可知，在基加利设立了这个中心，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Rwanda is known as the land of a thousand hills. Locals often have to walk on mountain roads year-round, which can lead to joint stress.”可知，卢旺达被称为千山之国。当地人经常不得不全年在山路上行走，这可能会导致关节压力，故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据“She was unable to walk due to serious pain in both knees and ankles. But after a month of treatment at the center, she is now able to walk around with a walking stick.”可知，接受了一个月的治疗后，她现在可以用拐杖走路了，故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Up to now, TCM has spread to nearly 200 countries and areas, with its worldwide influence continuously growing”可知，迄今为止，中医已传播到近200个国家和地区，在世界范围内的影响力不断增强，由此可知，中医将在世界范围内越来越受欢迎，故选C。
C
A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.
This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.
The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side.
Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true? Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer.
“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering.
8. When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon?
A. On May 3, 2024. B. After flying for about 37 minutes.
C. In the winter of 2020. D. After landing on the moon’s far side.
9. How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side?
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Five times. D. Ten times.
10. According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________.
A. receives less sunlight than the near side
B. has thicker soil compared with the near side
C. can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras
D. has more recent volcanic activities than the near side
11. What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words?
A. Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks.
B. Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world.
C. Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon.
D. Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back.
【答案】8 D 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了长征5号的情况，由此引出对于月球情况的介绍，突出了从月球上带回样本对于航空事业有重大帮助。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.”可知，探测器被设定在月球背面着陆后，开始了它的任务，故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey…but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.”可知，这是世界上第一次尝试从月球背面采集样本。对中国来说，这是第二次取样返回月球之旅，之前所有这些样本都是从月球近侧收集的，也就是说中国已经有过一次从月球近侧采集样本，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side”可知，月球背面的土壤比近侧厚得多，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community”可知，嫦娥6号收集的远端样本和近端样本对国际社会来说将具有重大的科学价值，也就是说嫦娥六号正在为世界执行一项有价值的任务，故选B。
D
Wangari Maathai, a Nobel Peace Prize winner, was born on April 1, 1940, in Kenya (肯尼亚). Growing up in the countryside, Wangari was deeply connected to the land from an early age. This early experience with the environment later inspired her life’s work, which has left an unforgettable mark on the world.
With the help of a program, Wangari received her university education in the United States. After graduation, she returned to Kenya. In 1971, she got a doctor’s degree from the University of Nairobi, becoming the first woman doctor in East and Central Africa. But her greater achievement was outside the university. In 1977, Wangari set up the Green Belt Movement, an organization focused on tree planting, environmental protection, and women’s rights. She called on Kenyan women to plant trees in their hometown. This simple act not only helped to protect the environment but also made women powerful economically (经济地) and socially.
Wangari focused not only on environmental problems. She made great efforts to fight for democracy (民主), human rights, and social fairness. Her activism (激进主义) often put her in disagreement with the Kenyan government. As a result, she was put in prison (监狱) several times, but she kept fighting bravely. It was because of her tireless work that she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. She became the first African woman to receive the award.
Wangari passed away on September 25, 2011, but her spirit continues to inspire a worldwide movement towards environmental protection and social fairness. Her book, Unbowed, records her life journey and the challenges she faced, offering an inspiration to countless people worldwide. Her story lives on through the millions of trees planted by the Green Belt Movement and the countless lives she touched through her hard work. It serves as a reminder that even the smallest actions, like planting a tree, can have a great influence on the world.
12. For what purpose does the writer mention Wangari’s early life in Paragraph 1?
A. To describe how she grew up in the countryside.
B. To tell us why she studied hard for a doctor’s degree.
C. To explain why she cared for environmental problems.
D. To show how she became a Nobel Peace Prize winner.
13. What does the underlined part “This simple act” mean in Paragraph 2?
A Setting up an organization. B. Planting trees in Kenya.
C. Focusing on women’s rights. D. Fighting for democracy.
14. Why was Wangari put in prison several times?
A. Because there was something harmful in her book Unbowed.
B. Because she founded the Green Belt Movement organization.
C. Because the Kenyan government was angry with her activism.
D. Because she received her university education in the United States.
15. What can we learn from Wangari’s story?
A. Small actions can make great differences. B. Brave people should win the Nobel Prize.
C. Good education can help one be successful. D. We shouldn’t look down upon African women.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了诺贝尔和平奖得主Wangari Maathai的成长经历以及她所带来的影响。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This early experience with the environment later inspired her life’s work, which has left an unforgettable mark on the world.”可知，提到这个是为了解释她为什么关心环境问题，故选C。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“She called on Kenyan women to plant trees in their hometown. This simple act not only helped to protect the environment but also made women powerful economically (经济地) and socially.”可知，呼吁肯尼亚妇女在家乡植树的简单行为不仅有助于保护环境，而且使妇女在经济和社会上具有强大的力量，所以划线部分指代“Planting trees in Kenya”，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Her activism (激进主义) often put her in disagreement with the Kenyan government. As a result, she was put in prison (监狱) several times”可知，她的激进主义经常使她与肯尼亚政府产生分歧，结果，她被关进监狱好几次，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据“It serves as a reminder that even the smallest actions, like planting a tree, can have a great influence on the world.”可知，从她的故事可以得出“小小的行动可以产生巨大的影响”，故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

Around the 15th United Nations Chinese Language Day, which fell on April 20, some foreign students of Xi’an International Studies University practiced and enjoyed Chinese characters together with some Chinese experts and teachers. It has been a tradition for some foreign Chinese speakers and Chinese teachers to get together to mark the special day.____16____
Chinese famous writer Lu Xun once said that the beauty of Chinese characters lies in three ways: their meanings educate the mind, their sounds please the ear, and their appearances please the eye. ____17____
The history of Chinese characters can date back over 3,000 years. To improve beauty and writing efficiency (效率), different kinds of characters were developed, such as zhuanshu, lishu, caoshu, and kaishu. ____18____
Many Chinese characters not only carry meanings but also have cultural significance (意义) passed down through history. ____19____ Through them, we can closely connect the past, present, and future of our country.
According to a recent survey, more than 30 million people worldwide are learning Chinese. ____20____ As more people can speak their mother languages and Chinese, the culture of Chinese characters is likely to be better understood and enjoyed worldwide.
A. They are symbols of Chinese traditional culture.
B. The language is taught in over 190 countries and areas.
C. He is happy to see a growing interest in Chinese characters.
D. The beauty of Chinese characters is still clear and popular today.
E. They enjoy sharing their understanding and benefits of this language.
F Another writer Yu Guangzhong also praised Chinese characters highly.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国汉字的优美，它的历史以及意义等。
【16题详解】
根据“It has been a tradition for some foreign Chinese speakers and Chinese teachers to get together to mark the special day.”可知，一些说汉语的外国人和中国老师聚在一起庆祝这个特殊的日子已经成为一种传统，此处应介绍他们聚在一起所做的事情，E选项“他们喜欢分享他们对这门语言的理解和好处”符合，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据“Chinese famous writer Lu Xun once said that the beauty of Chinese characters lies in three ways”可知，举例著名人物的情况来赞扬汉字之美，F选项“另一位作家Yu Guangzhong也高度赞扬了汉字”符合，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据“To improve