2024年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

扬州市2024年初中毕业升学考试
英语
审核：魏敬德
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题（第1题~第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题~第76题，共31题）两部分。本卷满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置，在试卷第一面的右下角填写好座位号。
3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符。
4.答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1. The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street ________ Yangzhou.
A. to B. on C. at D. in
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：马可波罗纪念馆位于扬州东关街东端。
考查介词辨析。to到；on在……上面；at在；in在……里面。此处指纪念馆位于扬州……，in Yangzhou“在扬州”，应用介词in。故选D。
2. “What’s that?” is ________ of the first things that children say.
A. some B. each C. one D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：“那是什么？”这是孩子们说的第一句话。
考查代词辨析。some一些；each每个；one一；that那。“What’s that?”是孩子们说的一句话，one of the+名词复数，表“……之一”。故选C。
3. Teamwork doesn’t happen ________ in the workplace or school. It needs training.
A. naturally B. correctly C. wildly D. especially
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：在工作场所或学校里，团队合作并不是自然而然地发生的。它需要训练。
考查副词辨析。naturally自然地；correctly正确地；wildly失控地；especially尤其。根据“It needs training.”可知，团队合作需要训练，并不能自然发生。故选A。
4. Look! My sister ________ the table. Let’s give her a hand.
A. set B. sets C. is setting D. was setting
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：看！我姐姐正在摆桌子。让我们帮她一把。
考查动词时态。根据“Look”可知，姐姐正在摆桌子，动作正在发生，应为现在进行时。故选C。
5. China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways.
A. help B. to help C. helping D helped
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国为帮助其他国家建设高速铁路做出了巨大努力。
考查非谓语动词。make great efforts to do sth.“努力做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选B。
6. Our monitor is ________. He always spends a lot of time helping with our class projects.
A. generous B. humorous C. nervous D. curious
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们的班长很慷慨。他总是花很多时间帮助我们做课堂项目
考查形容词辨析。generous慷慨的，大方的；humorous幽默的；nervous紧张的；curious好奇的。根据“He always spends a lot of time helping with our class projects.”可知，班长花很多时间帮助同学们做项目，故他是慷慨的。故选A。
7. As we all know, the Yangtze River ________ as a “mother river” of the Chinese nation.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
【答案】C
解析】
【详解】句意：众所周知，长江被誉为中华民族的“母亲河”。
考查动词时态。长江是中华民族的“母亲河”，本句阐述事实，应为一般现在时。be known as“被称为，被认为是”，固定短语。故选C。
8. —How does this new washing machine work?
—It’s easy. You ________ touch this icon.
A. even B. almost C. ever D. just
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这台新洗衣机是怎么工作的？——很简单。你只需触摸此图标。
考查副词辨析。even甚至；almost几乎；ever曾经；just仅仅，只是。根据“It’s easy.”可知，让这台洗衣机工作很简单，只需要触摸图标，故用just。故选D。
9. Many think SOS is short for “save our ship”, but it doesn’t really ________ anything.
A. look for B. stand for C. pay for D. try for
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：许多人认为SOS是“拯救我们的船”的缩写，但它实际上并不代表任何东西。
考查动词短语。look for寻找；stand for代表；pay for支付；try for尝试。根据“Many think SOS is short for ‘save our ship’”可知，此处介绍SOS代表的含义，应用stand for。故选B。
10. You can’t eat an elephant all at once. Eat it one bite ________.
A. on time B. at a time C. all the time D. at the same time
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：你不可能立刻吃掉一头大象。每次咬一口。
考查介词短语。on time准时；at a time依次，每次；all the time一直；at the same time同时。根据“You can’t eat an elephant all at once.”及语境可知是每次咬一口。故选B。
11. Since I was born, my family ________ in the same flat.
A. live B. will live C. are living D. have lived
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：自从我出生以来，我的家人就住在同一套公寓里。
考查时态。根据“Since I was born”可知主句用现在完成时have/has done。故选D
12. ________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list.
A. If B. Until C. Although D. Unless
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你太累了，无法完成待办事项清单上的所有事情，试着列一张勿做事项清单。
考查连词辨析。If如果；Until直到；Although尽管；Unless除非。分析句子可知，此处指如果完成待办事项清单上的所有事情感到很累，可以列一张“勿做”清单，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
13. —Do you know why zebrafish are taken to Shenzhou-18?
—They have ________ like small size and short development cycle.
A. stages B. advantages C. messages D. passages
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你知道为什么要把斑马鱼带到神舟十八号上去吗？——它们具有体积小、培育周期短等优点。
考查名词辨析。stages阶段；advantages优势；messages信息；passages段落。根据“Do you know why zebrafish are taken to Shenzhou-18”可知，答语应是介绍带它们上去的原因，结合“like small size and short development cycle”可知，这些应是它们的优势，故选B。
14. Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A. why B. which C. where D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：青少年并不总是理解为什么他们的父母有这么多规则。
考查宾语从句。why为什么；which哪一个；where在哪里；what什么。分析句子可知，此处是含宾语从句的复合句，从句不缺主语、宾语，故不用which、what引导从句。结合句子可知，此处询问原因，故用why。故选A。
15. —I hear you’re leaving for Guilin for your holiday?
— ________. And I’m looking forward to it.
A. It doesn’t matter B. It’s a pleasure C. That’s right D. Never mind
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我听说你要去桂林度假？——没错。我很期待。
考查情景交际。It doesn’t matter没关系；It’s a pleasure不客气；That’s right没错；Never mind没关系。根据“I hear you’re leaving for Guilin for your holiday?”可知，上文是询问对方是否要去桂林度假，下文回答“没错”符合语境。故选C。
二、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Before Anne Frank went into hiding with her family, she was a carefree girl like any other.
Anne Frank ran down the stairs as fast as she could. She was supposed to do her ____16____, but it was so boring. Margot, her perfect sister, might be happy reading books all day, but Anne wasn’t.
Other children were already out on the sunny Amsterdam streets. Some were rolling hoops, others doing handstands against the wall. Anne was ____17____ at handstands, but knew another way to get everyone’s attention.
“____18____ this!” she cried, lifting her arm high in the air. Anne waited until everyone was looking at her, then she swung her arm around fast All the boys ____19____ and cheered.
Hearing the ____20____ of laughter, Anne’s mother, Edith, looked out the window.
“I bet that girl hasn’t done her homework,” she thought. It was always hard with Anne. ____21____, she was glad Anne had got used to Amsterdam life so easily. Anne was only seven
That night, Anne’s father, Otto, put Anne to bed as usual.
“Tell me a story about Good Paula and Naughty (淘气的) Paula, Daddy!” Anne said, “____22____ I have one about Naughty Paula? She’s more fun.”
“Margot ____23____ Good Paula,” Otto said.
“Well she would,” Anne replied, angrily. It was ____24____ having Margot as an older sister.
Otto ____25____ what she was thinking. “You could be good, too, Anne.”
“I’ll try, Daddy, I promise,” Anne said. “____26____ to make you happy!”
The next day, when Anne got back from school, Edith was preparing supper. “We have ____27____ tonight,” she said.
“Who’s coming?” Anne asked eagerly.
“Miep, from Daddy’s work and her friend Jan.”
“Hooray!” Anne cried. ____28____ the doorbell rang, Anne rushed to let them in. The next moment, she was throwing them ____29____. “How are you Miep? What’s it like working for Daddy? Hello Jan!” Then Anne stopped and looked at them ____30____, her brown eyes shining with interest. “Ooh! Are you Miep’s boyfriend?” she asked.
Edith cut in, “Quiet, Anne!”
“Time for supper,” added Otto, gently.
16. A. cooking B. shopping C. homework D. sports
17. A. endless B. fearless C. meaningless D. hopeless
18. A. Watch B. Find C. Confirm D. Search
19. A. jumped B. whispered C. laughed D. rushed
20. A. order B. sound C. call D. voice
21. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Anyway D. So
22. A. Can B. Must C. Need D. Should
23. A. wounds B. hates C. surprises D. prefers
24. A. hard B. different C. dangerous D. impossible
25. A. doubted B. guessed C. believed D. proved
26. A. Nothing B. No one C. Anything D. Anyone
27. A. citizens B. hosts C. customers D. guests
28. A. Whenever B. Before C. While D. As soon as
29. A. questions B. dishes C. instructions D. suggestions
30. A. all B. both C. either D. any
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了主人公安妮儿时在阿姆斯特丹生活时的趣事。
【16题详解】
句意：她本应该做家庭作业，但这太无聊了。
cooking烹饪；shopping购物；homework家庭作业；sports体育运动。根据“but it was so boring”及“I bet that girl hasn’t done her homework”可知，安妮应该做作业，但是她认为这很无聊。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：安妮不擅长倒立，但她知道另一种吸引大家注意的方法。
endless无止境的；fearless无畏的；meaningless无意义的；hopeless绝望的。根据“but knew another way to get everyone’s attention.”可知，安妮因为不擅长倒立，所以想到另一个可以吸引孩子们注意力的方法。be hopeless at“在……方面没有希望”。故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：看这个！
Watch看；Find发现；Confirm确认；Search搜寻。根据“she cried, lifting her arm high in the air.”可知，安妮希望其他孩子看自己。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：所有的男孩都笑了起来，欢呼起来。
jumped跳；whispered低语；laughed笑；rushed冲向。根据下文“Hearing the…of laughter”可知，孩子们看到安妮的举动笑了起来。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：听到笑声，安妮的母亲伊迪丝向窗外望去。
order秩序；sound声音；call召唤；voice嗓音。根据“All the boys…and cheered.”可知，安妮的母亲听到了孩子们的笑声，应用sound。故选B。
【21题详解】
句意：不管怎样，她很高兴安妮很容易就适应了阿姆斯特丹的生活。
Moreover而且；Otherwise否则；Anyway无论如何；So因此。根据“It was always hard with Anne. …, she was glad Anne had got used to Amsterdam life so easily”可知，做作业对安妮来说很困难，但是不管怎样，安妮的母亲还是很高兴女儿适应了在阿姆斯特丹的生活。故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：我能听听淘气宝拉的故事吗?
Can能够；Must必须；Need需要Should应该。根据“…I have one about Naughty Paula?”可知，此处是安妮请求爸爸给自己讲淘气宝拉的故事，表示请求，用Can。故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：“玛格特更喜欢好宝拉，”奥托说。
wounds使受伤；hates憎恨；surprises使惊讶；prefers更喜欢。根据“‘Well she would,’ Anne replied, angrily.”可知，安妮想听淘气宝拉的故事，但是玛戈特更喜欢好宝拉，所以安妮生气。故选D。
【24题详解】
句意：有玛戈特这样的姐姐很难。
hard艰难的；different不同的；dangerous危险的；impossible不可能的。根据“It was…having Margot as an older sister.”可知，安妮认为姐姐玛戈特喜欢好宝拉，自己却喜欢淘气的宝拉，姐姐比自己好，故安妮认为有这样的姐姐相对比，自己情况很难。故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：奥托猜到了她在想什么。
doubted怀疑；guessed猜测；believed相信；proved证明。根据“Otto…what she was thinking. ‘You could be good, too, Anne.’”可知，爸爸猜到了安妮的想法，于是安慰安妮。故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：任何能让你快乐的事！
Nothing没有什么；No one没有人；Anything任何事情；Anyone任何人。根据“…to make you happy!”可知，爸爸安慰了安妮，安妮可以做任何事情来让爸爸开心。故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：“我们今晚有客人，”她说。
citizens市民；hosts主人；customers顾客；guests客人。根据“Miep, from Daddy’s work and her friend Jan.”可知，爸爸的同事及同事的朋友会来安妮家做客，所以妈妈准备晚餐。故选D。
【28题详解】
句意：门铃一响，安妮就冲过去让他们进来。
Whenever无论何时；Before在……之前；While当……时；As soon as一……就……。根据“…the doorbell rang, Anne rushed to let them in.”可知，此处指门铃一响，安妮就冲过去开门，用as soon as引导时间状语从句。故选D。
【29题详解】
句意：下一刻，她向他们抛出了问题。
questions问题；dishes碟，盘；instructions指示；suggestions建议。根据“‘How are you Miep? What’s it like working for Daddy? Hello Jan!’”可知，安妮向客人问了很多问题。故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：然后安妮停下来看着他们两个，棕色的眼睛充满兴趣地闪闪发光。
all三者及以上都；both两者都；either两者中任一个；any任何。根据“How are you Miep? What’s it like working for Daddy? Hello Jan!”可知，安妮询问来做客的两位客人，问了他们问题，并且看着他们两个，表示两者都，应用both。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue. China plans to land its astronauts on the moon around 2030. Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.
MENGZHOU AND LANYUE
Take Chinese People’s Dream To The Moon Closer
Mengzhou — The manned spacecraft
Meaning of the name: Dream boat
The name carries the Chinese people’s space exploration dreams to the moon.
Main tasks:
•Carry out China’s manned lunar exploration
•Operate near-Earth space station
Payload:
For lunar tasks, it can carry 3 astronauts round trip between the ground and lunar orbit (轨道). For near-Earth orbit tasks, it can carry 7 astronauts round trip between the ground and space station.
Lanyue — The lunar lander
Meaning of the name: Clasping the moon
The name symbolizes the bravery and confidence of the Chinese people in exploring the universe and landing on the moon.
Main tasks:
•Transport between lunar orbit and lunar surface
•Serve as the center for astronaut activities, energy supply, and data transmission on the moon
•Support lunar exploration and activities
Payload:
It can carry 2 astronauts round trip, lunar rover, and scientific payloads.
Exploration Steps
1. Two Long March-10 rockets are launched (发射). One carries Mengzhou and the other carries Lanyue.
2. The two spacecraft meet and join in lunar orbit and the astronauts enter the lander.
3. The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface.
4. The astronauts carry out scientific exploration and sample (样本) collection on the lunar surface as planned.
5. After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit.
6. The two spacecraft meet and join again, and the astronauts take the lunar samples to the Mengzhou spacecraft.
7. The Mengzhou spacecraft returns to Earth with the moon samples.

31. Which of the following is Lanyue’s task?
A. Operate near-Earth space station.
B. Support Earth exploration and activities.
C. Transport between the ground and space station.
D. Work as the center for energy supply on the moon.
32. What can we learn from the exploration steps?
A. The same rocket sends Mengzhou and Lanyue into space.
B. Astronauts reach and leave the moon in the Lanyue lander.
C. Mengzhou and Lanyue join together at the space station
D. The Lanyue lander returns to Earth with the samples on the moon.
33. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To encourage the youth to make inventions for China’s moon program.
B. To tell the reader about the history of China’s lunar exploration journey.
C. To offer suggestions on how to take up challenges in the lunar exploration task.
D. To give information on the new spacecraft for China’s manned lunar exploration task.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Main tasks: ... Serve as the center for astronaut activities, energy supply, and data transmission on the moon”可知，作为月球上的能源供应中心是“揽月”的任务。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface.”及“After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit.”可知，宇航员乘坐“揽月”着陆器到达和离开月球。故选B。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue ... Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。因此其目的是为了提供一些关于中国载人探月任务的新宇宙飞船的信息。故选D。
B
One day in autumn Squire Gordon, my master, went on a trip into town. John, my caretaker, went with him. I pulled the cart. The weather was rainy and windy, but we travelled happily.
Gordon’s business took a long time. We didn’t leave until late afternoon. The wind was then much higher. My master said to John, “I have never been out in such a storm!” Mr Gordon and John could not see well in the rain.
We came to a wooden bridge. It was very nearly dark. We could just see that the water was over the middle of the bridge. But as that happened sometimes when the floods were out, master did not stop. The moment my feet touched the first part of the bridge, I felt sure there was something wrong. I dare (敢于) not go forward, and I made a dead stop. “Go on, Beauty,” said my master, and he gave me a touch with the whip (鞭子), but I dare not move. He gave me a sharp cut and I jumped, but I dare not go forward.
“There’s something wrong, sir,” said John, and he got out and tried to lead me forward. “Come on, Beauty.” But I knew that the bridge was not safe.
Just then the man on the other side saw us.
“Hey! Halloo! Stop!” he cried.
“What’s the matter?” shouted my master.
“The