七年级上册英语全册语法知识点梳理.docx

目录
第一讲：动词
1：Be 动词
2. 动词第三人称单数
第二讲：代词
1. 人称代词及物主代词
2. 指示代词
第三讲：名词
1. 名词的数
2. 名词的所有格
第四讲：数词
1. 基数词
2. 序数词
第五讲：介词
第六讲：句型
1. 肯定句
2. 否定句
3. 一般疑问句
4. 特殊疑问句
5. There be 句型
第一讲：动词
（一） Be 动词（am, is, are）的用法 口诀：I 用am , you 用are ,is 连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数统统用is，复数一律都用are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be 后not莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 注意：be 动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如：I’m , what’s ,name’s, they’re等 For example：-What is your name?= -What’s your name? -My name is Cindy. = -My name’s Cindy. -Are you a student? = -Are you a student? -Yes, I am a student. = –Yes, I’m a student. -What are they? =-What are they? -They are apples. =They’re apples. What is this? =What’s this?
Exercises
I ________ a student. You ________ Japanese. He _______ my brother. She_______ very nice. My name ________Harry. I _______ 10 years old. LiLei _________ very tall. Mary, this _________ Tom. What_____ this? Miss Zhou ________ my teacher. This book________ very interesting. Li Lei and I __________ good friends. These ________ apples.
Those_________ bananas. They _________students. There _______ some bread on the plate. The cat________ black. ________ she from China? ________ you good at English?
The books ________ on the desk. The black pants ______ for Su Yang. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
Here ______ some sweaters for you. There ______ a girl in the room.
This pair of boots ______ for Yang Ling. ______ David and Helen from England?
There some milk for me.
There ______ some apples on the tree. _______ there any kites in the classroom?
Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there. Some tea ______ in the glass.
My sister's name ______Nancy. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle? My telephone number ________ 8563-0770.
（二） 动词第三人称单数的构成规则： a.一般情况下在动词词尾加s 如：get----gets like----likes play—plays， want—wants， work—works， know—knows， help—helps，get—gets b. 以字母s、x、ch或o结尾的动词加-es；如：guess—guesses， fix—fixes， teach—teaches， brush—brushes， go—goes，do—does，watch—watches，catch—catches c. 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es。如：study—studies，carry—carries，fly—flies，worry—worries 特殊词： have----has
Exercises
一 完成句子。
1. I________ (know) the boy.
2. They________ (go) to work on Sundays.
3. He usually_______ (come) to school early.
4. I often_____ (have) rice, meat and vegetables.
5. My grandfather _______ (play) sports in the park.
6. Miss Li _________ (teach) English in our school.
7. The students of Class Four________ (sing) a song on Monday.
8. Alice and Jerry _________ (do) homework after school.
9. We________ (take) a shower in the evening.
10. Her sister__________ (have) Chinese every day.
11._______ you________ (have) a soccer ball?
12. Mary______________ (not come) from America. She _________ (come) from Britain.
13._______your mother_________ (watch) TV every day? 14. _____your sister_____ (know) English?
15. Who_____ (want) to go swimming?
二 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. We often _________ (play) in the playground.
2. 2. He __________ (get) up at six o’clock.
3. 3. ________you _________ (brush) your teeth every morning.
4. 4. What________ (do) he usually ________ (do) after school?
5. ______ they ________ (like) the World Cup? 6.________Mike sometimes __________ (go) to the park with his sister.
7. At eight at night, she_________ (watch) TV with his parents.
8 _______Mike ________ (read) English every day?
9. How many lessons_________ your classmate________ (have) on Monday?
10. What time _______his mother__________ (do) the housework?
11. He usually _____ (get) up at six in the morning.
12. She______ (have) blues eyes.
13. We _______ (go) to school every day
14. The boy _________ (like) playing football.
15. We_______ (have) no classes on Sundays.
16. She__ (write) to her mother once a week. 17. It _____ (rain) quite often during the month of July every year.
18. She often_________ (watch) TV on Saturdays.
19. Mike usually_________ (ride) a bike with his friends in the park.
20. Peter and Mary often_______ (play) badminton together.
21. My mother______ (have) a lot of cousins.
22. Many people often _______ (listen) to the radio in the morning.
23. ______ (do) she _______ (like) playing the violin? Yes, she______ (do).
24. She_____ (have) four brothers. She______ (like) them very much.
25. He often ________ (have) dinner at home.
26. We _______ (not watch) TV on Monday.
27. Sandy usually _______ (play) the piano on Sundays. 28. The cat________ (like) eating fish every much.
29. Su Hai and Su Yang _______ (have) eight lessons this term.
30. She and I ________ (take) a walk together every evening.
31. Who__ (teach) English in your school?
32. May I _________ (know) your address? 33.__________ (be) you twelve?
34. She__________ (like) fish, but she ________________ (not like) meat.
35. Her mother is good at _____________ (make) cakes. 36. Mr. Green wants ____________ (buy) a new watch. 37. Who_________ (be) your English teacher?
38. My father ___________ (go) to bed at 10:00 every evening.
39. His friend ________________ (like, play) computer games.
40. Let’s _____________ (watch) TV.
41. _____________Jim and Tom ___________ (like) hamburgers?
42. What kind of movies____ your grandfather___________ (want) to see?
43. Where ___________ (be) the two volleyballs?
44. That___________ (be) is his family photo.
45. We can_____________ (sing) English songs.
46. He can__________ (do) Chinese Kungfu.
47. What time ___________Mr. Brown _________(take) a shower?
48. Mrs. Jones ____________ (watch) TV in weekends. 49.__________ (be) your sisters in the bedroom?
50. My daughter________ (watch) TV every day. Sometimes she ________ (see) a film on Sunday.
第二讲：代词
（一） 人称代词及物主代词
人称
第一人称单数
第二人称单数
第三人称单数
第一人称复数
第二人称复数
第三人称复数
主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they

我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们
他
（她，它）们
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them

我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们
他
（她，它）们
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs

我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他她，它）们的
1. 通常情况下，人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。 2. 通常情况下，人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语。 3. 形容词性的物主代词属于限定词，后面要跟它所限定的名词。 4. 通常情况下，人称代词主格会及跟在它后面的be动词缩写。 如：I am=I’m you are=you’re he is=he’s she is=she’s it is =it’s we are=we’re they are=they’re
Exercises
一 根据句子前后内容，写出正确的代词。 Li Lei is from China.___________ is Chinese. My name is Gina._________ am a student. This is Tom.________ is in Grade Two. His name is Tony.___________ telephone number is 856-0770. She is a student. ________name is Julia.
二. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. (she)
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________. (I)
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. (he)
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What color are _________? you)
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________? (she)
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? (you)
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. (it )
10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. (they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. (we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. (she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. (he )
14. Where are ________ I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. (they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger! （it）
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. (she )
17. ________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. (we )
18. So many dogs Let’s count _________. (they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. (he )
20. May I sit beside _________? (you )
21. Look at that desk. Those books are on _________. ( it ）
22. The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she) （二）．指示代词this ,that, these, those. These 是this 的复数形式， 指时间、距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事。 Those 是that的复数形式， 指时间、距离较远或者前面已经提到的人或事。 For example： This is my room. That is Lucy’s room. These are his brothers. Those are his books.
第三讲：名词
名词：
表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词。
（一） 名词的分类
名词分为普通名词和专有名词，其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。 可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy，desk，cat，window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family，class，police）。 不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water，paper，silk，money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work，happiness，music，difficulty，housework） 专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom，the Great Wall，the Spring Festival，France，the United States）。
（二）名词的数
1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：
（1）一般情况下，在词尾加s. e.g. book——books，dog——dogs，pen——pens，boy——boys 辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为[s]，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为〔z〕。
（2）以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es. e.g. beach——beaches，brush——brushes，bus——buses，box—boxes（es读音为〔iz〕
（3）以―辅音字母＋y‖结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es e.g. city——cities，family——families，documentary——documentaries，country——countries， strawberry——strawberries（ies读音为[iz]） （注：以―元音字母+y‖结尾的词，直接在词尾加-s. e.g. boys，holidays，days）
（4）以元音字母。结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ①加eg. tomato—tomatoes，potato—potatoes ②结尾是两个元音字母的加s，e.g. zoo—zoos，radio——radios ③某些外来词变复数时词尾加se.g. piano—pianos ④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s， e.g. photo（photograph）——photos，kilo（kilogram）kilos ⑤zero变复数时，既可加s，也可加 e.g. zeros／zeroes
（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v，再加es. e.g. wife——wives，leaf leaves，half——halves，knife—knives，thief——thieves（res读音为[vz] （注意：roof的复数为roofs； scarf的复数为scarfs／scarves）
（6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es，而是变换其中的字母。 e.g. man——men，woman——women，policeman——policemen，Englishman——Englishmen， Frenchman——Frenchmen， foot——feet， tooth——teeth， child——children，mouse—mice，Ox—Oxen（公牛）
（7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 e.g. Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish
（8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。 e.g. people，police，trousers，pants，clothes，scissors
另外，①当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 e.g. an apple tree，five apple trees，a girl friend，two girl friends，a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 e.g. two men teachers，three women doctors
②可用―量词+of+名词复数‖这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 e.g. a room of students，two boxes of pencils
2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的―量‖
的表示方式如下。
（1） 表不定数量时，一般用much，（a）little，a lot of／lots of，some，any等词修饰。 e.g. much money，a little bread
（2）表确定数量时，一般用―数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：two／three／…+量词复数十of+不可数名词。 e.g. a bag of rice，two glasses of milk，four bottles of water
3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。 e.g. fruit水果——fruits表示不同种类的水果；food食物——foods各种食品；fish鱼——fishes鱼的种类；drink饮料、酒——a drink一杯／一份饮料、一杯酒； cloth布——，a cloth桌布、抹布； sand沙——sands沙滩； tea茶——a tea一杯茶；chicken鸡肉——a chicken小鸡；orange橘汁——an orange橘子； glass玻璃——a glass玻璃杯，glasses眼镜； paper纸——a paper试卷、论文；wood木头——a wood小森林；room空间、余地——a room房间
本册已经学过的不可数名词有：broccoli, food, dessert, orange, fruit, soccer, tennis, breakfast, lunch, dinner, help, opera, work, homework, time ice-cream, salad, chicken(既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词) (三)名词的所有格：
名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系）
（1） 有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。
①不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加’s. e.g. Mike’s watch；Women’s Day
②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加’。 e.g. teachers’ office，students’ rooms
③两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加’s. e.g. Tom and Mike’s room汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）
④两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加’s. e.g. Mary’s and Jenny’s bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）
（2） 无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构 e.g. a map of China，the beginning of this game，the door of the room
（3） 特殊形式
①可用’s和of短语表示的名词所有格
e.g. the boy’s name=the name of the boy（男孩的名字）the dog’s legs=the legs of the dog（狗的腿） China’s population=the population of China（中国的人口） China’s capital=the capital of China（中国的首都） ②双重所有格 e.g. a fiend of my mother’s我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Tom’s汤姆的一张图片
Exercises
1. 写出下列词的复数形式。
baby _______ case_______ knife_______ photo_______ Chinese_________ hamburger___________potato_______ key______ watch_______ name_______ strawberry______ wish_______ tomato__________ dollar________ orange______ people_______ documentary_________boy__________ piano_____ child________ man_______ this______ that_______ I _______ she_________ you_______ bus_______ Japanese___________
2. 翻译短语
五门学科__________
三部电影_______________________ 一些动作片___________________________ 许多手表_________________________ 一点食品________________________ 一点蔬菜________________________
许多冰激凌________________________ 三块鸡肉___________________________ 一些工作_________________________
许多作业___________________________ 四辆公共汽车________________________
3.选择填空
1、There _____on the wall .They are very beautiful.
A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo
D. is photos
2. This kind of car_____made in Shanghai.
A. is B .are C .were D .has
3. There are four_____and two_____in the group.
A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German D.Japanese, Germans
4. That’s art book.
A. an B. a C. the D are
5. The boys have got already.
A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread
6. The old man wants .
A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples
7. There some in the river.
A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish
8. There _____ two_____ in the box.

A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches
9. We should clean twice a day.
A .our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth
10. The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.
A. teacher B. teacher’s C. teachers’ D. teachers
11. In Britain _____ are all painted red.
A. letter boxes B. letters boxes C. letter box D. letters box
4. 把下列句子变成复数句。
1. This is my friend.
2. This is a bike.
3. That is her brother.
4. This is a book.
5. That is an eraser.
6. It is a red orange.
7. He is a teacher.
8. What’s this?
9. This is my mother.
10. He is a Chinese boy.
11. I am a student.
12. A photo is on the wall.
13. You are a Chinese.
14. It is an action movie.
15. She has a nice dress.
5. 改错。
1. He has many ice cream for breakfast.__________________________________________
2. The girl has two broccoli fo