各种时态及其对应下的被动语态(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,初中英语八种时态,1.,一般现在时：,2.,一般过去时：,3.,现在进行时：,4.,过去进行时：,5.,一般将来时：,6.,过去将来时：,7.,现在完成时：,8.,过去完成时：,三个“一般”；两个“进行”；两个“完成”,1,初中英语八种时态,使用背景,1.,一般现在时：,经常性,习惯性,一般性,叙述,介绍,2.,一般过去时：,描述,发生在过去,的动作或状态,3.,现在进行时：,描述,(,当前或现在,),正在发生,4.,过去进行时：,描述,(,过去某时,),正在发生,5.,一般将来时：,描述,(,从现在来看,),将要发生,6.,过去将来时：,描述,(,从过去某时来看,),将要发生,7.,现在完成时：,过去发生的某事对现在的,影响或结果,，或从过去某时开始一直,持续到现在,8.,过去完成时：,描述,发生在过去的某个动作之前,已经发生的事,(,即“,过去的过去,”,),2,初中英语八种时态,结构,1.,一般现在时：,主,+,谓,（,特例：三单现,）,+,宾,2.,一般过去时：,主,+,谓,（过去式）,+,宾,3.,现在进行时：,主,+,谓,(,am/is/are+v-ing,),+,宾,4.,过去进行时：,主,+,谓,(,was/were+v-ing,),+,宾,5.,一般将来时：,主,+,谓,（will+v.,）,+,宾,6.,过去将来时：,主,+,谓,（,would+v.,）,+,宾,7.,现在完成时：,主,+,谓,(have/has+,过去分词,),+,宾,8.,过去完成时：,主,+,谓,（,had+,过去分词,）,+,宾,3,初中英语八种时态,结构,1.,一般现在时：,主,+,谓,（特例：三单现）,+,宾,2.,一般过去时：,主,+,谓,（过去式）,+,宾,3.,现在进行时：,主,+,谓,(,am/is/are+v-ing,),+,宾,4.,过去进行时：,主,+,谓,(,was/were+v-ing,),+,宾,5.,一般将来时：,主,+,谓,（,will+v.,）,+,宾,6.,过去将来时：,主,+,谓,（,would+v.,）,+,宾,7.,现在完成时：,主,+,谓,(have/has+,过去分词,),+,宾,8.,过去完成时：,主,+,谓,（,had+,过去分词,）,+,宾,请大家注意上述各种时态的否定句，一般疑问句（含肯定,/,否定回答）和特殊疑问句,4,初中英语八种时态的,否定结构,1.,一般现在时：,主,+,dont/doesnt,谓,（,原形,）,+,宾,2.,一般过去时：,主,+,didnt,谓,（,原形,）,+,宾,3.,现在进行时：,主,+,谓,(,am/is/are,not,+v-ing,),+,宾,4.,过去进行时：,主,+,谓,(,was/were,not,+v-ing,),+,宾,5.,一般将来时：,主,+,谓,（,will not,+v.,）,+,宾,6.,过去将来时：,主,+,谓,（,would not,+v.,）,+,宾,7.,现在完成时：,主,+,谓,(,have/has not,+,过去分词,),+,宾,8.,过去完成时：,主,+,谓,（,had not,+,过去分词,）,+,宾,5,被动语态,结构（,structure,）：,主语,+,be+,过去分词,+by sb.,表示“被,”,，,不同时态下的被动语态，主要看,be,动词的变换，下面我们来看各种时态下的被动语态形式和变化。,6,各种时态下的被动语态,1,、一般现在时：,am/is/are,+,过去分词,2,、一般过去时：,was/were,+,过去分词,3,、现在进行时：,am/is/are being,+,过去分词,4,、过去进行时：,was/were being,+,过去分词,5,、一般将来时：,will be,+,过去分词,6,、过去将来时：,would be,+,过去分词,7,、现在完成时：,have/has been,+,过去分词,8,、过去完成时：,had been,+,过去分词,所有红体字都代表,be,动词的时态变化,7,各种时态下的被动语态,1,、一般现在时：,I,help,him.,He,is helped,by me.,2,、一般过去时：,I,helped,him.,He,was helped,by me.,3,、现在进行时：,I,am helping,him.,He,is being helped,by me.,4,、过去进行时：,I,was helping,him.,He,was being helped,by me.,8,各种时态下的被动语态,5,、一般将来时：,I,will help,him.,He,will be helped,by me.,6,、过去将来时：,I,would help,him.,He,would be helped,by me.,7,、现在完成时：,I,have helped,him.,He,has been helped,by me.,8,、过去完成时：,I,had helped,him.,He,had been helped,by me.,9,练习：,填空并转换成被动句,1,、一般现在时：,Jack,(,write,),English.,2,、一般过去时：,Jack,(,write,),English.,3,、现在进行时：,Jack,(,write,),English.,4,、过去进行时：,Jack,(,write,),English.,5,、一般将来时：,Jack,(,write,),English.,6,、过去将来时：,Jack,(,write,),English.,7,、现在完成时：,Jack,(,write,),English.,8,、过去完成时：,Jack,(,write,),English.,10,答案：,1,、,一般现在时：,Jack,writes,English.,English,is written,by Jack.,2,、,一般过去时：,Jack,wrote,English.,English,was written,by Jack.,3,、,现在进行时：,Jack,is writing,English.,English,is being written,by Jack.,4,、,过去进行时：,Jack,was writing,EnglishEnglish,was being written,by,Jack.,11,5,、,一般将来时：,Jack,will write,English.,English,will be written,by Jack.,6,、,过去将来时：,Jack,would write,English.,English,would be written,by Jack.,7.,现在完成时：,Jack,has written,English.,English,has been written,by Jack.,8,、,过去完成时：,Jack,had written,English.,English,had been written,by Jack.,12,补充部分,1.,主动结构表被动意义,open,write,read,sell,wash,等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可以用主动语态表被动意义。,This kind of shirt,sells well,.,13,2.,look,sound,taste,smell,等系动词用主动表被动意义。,例：,It smells wonderful.,Moon-cakes taste delicious.,3.,在,be worth doing,中,doing,表被动意义。,例：,This book is worth reading.,14,4.want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+to be done,例：,My bike needs repairing.,=My bike needs to be repaired.,我的自行车需要修理。,15,1.The window is dirty.,-I know.It _ for weeks.,hasnt cleaned,B.didnt,clean,C.wasnt cleaned D.hasnt been cleaned,2.The heros story _differently in the newspapers.,was reported B.was reporting,reports D.reported,3.Why did you leave that position?,-I _a better position at IBM.,offer B.offered,C.am,offered,D.was,offered,4.More than a dozen students in that,school_abroad,to study medicine last year.,A.sent B.were sent,C.had,sent,D.had,been sent,16,