25米高悬挑式扣件式钢管脚手架设计与搭拆施工方案01.docx

25米高悬挑式扣件式钢管脚手架设计与搭拆施工要求
1． 设计与施工依据
● 国家行业标准《建筑施工扣件式钢管脚手架》（JGJ130-2001）
● 国家行业标准《建筑施工安全检查标准》（JGJ59-99）
● 建设部建筑管理司组织编写《建筑施工安全检查标准实施指南》2001.5
● 国标《钢结构设计规范》（GBJ17-88）
2． 悬挑式脚手架的主要配件及材料选用
水平挑梁：16a号工字钢。
扣件式钢管脚手架的主要组成构件有：立柱、纵向水平杆（大横杆）、横向水平杆（小横杆）、扣件、脚手板、剪刀撑（十字撑）、横向支撑（横向斜拉杆）、连墙件、纵向扫地杆、横向扫地杆。
材料选用φ48mm，厚3.5mm的钢管，木脚手板和18cm高木制踢脚板。
钢材强度等级Q235。
3． 搭设方式与主要参数
脚手架用φ48×3.5钢管和扣件搭设成双排架，其横距为1.2m，纵距为1.5m，步距为1.5m。
脚手架立杆下部支撑在用16号工字钢制作的水平悬挑梁上。
脚手架搭设高度共15步，计25m高。
里立杆离墙面0.4m；
施工作业层按2层设计，每层活荷载为3KN/m2，作业层设栏杆和档脚板；
脚手架外立杆里侧挂密目安全网封闭施工；
剪刀撑应在外侧立面整个长度与高度上连续设置；
其他搭设要求遵照JGJ130-2001执行。
4． 荷载取值与组合
4.1脚手架结构自重（包括立柱、纵、横向水平杆、扣件、剪刀撑和横向斜撑）：
查（JGJ130-2001）规范（以下简称规范）表A-1得：
NGIK=25×0.1248=3.12KN
4.2构、配件自重
（1） 外立杆
① 木脚手板，两层一步木脚手板，单位荷载重按0.10KN/m2计：
NG2K-1=（5×1.2×1.5×0.10）/2=0.45KN
② 栏杆、挡脚板（挡脚板按3层设计）查表4.2.1-2
NG2K-2=3×0.14×1.5+2×2×1.5×0.0384+2×2×0.0132=0.9132KN
③ 安全网
NG2K-3=25×1.5×0.01=0.375KN
④ 合计
NG2K=0.3938+0.9132+0.375=1.682KN
（2） 内立杆
① 木脚手板
NG2K-1=5×1.2×1.5×0.10/2+0.3×1.5×2×0.10=0.54KN
② 纵向横杆
NG2K-2=2×2×1.5×0.0384+2×2×0.0132=0.2832KN
③ 合计
NG2K=0.4838+0.2832=0.7670KN
4.3施工荷载
外立杆 NQK=2×1.5×1.2×3/2=5.4KN
里立杆 NQK=4.725+0.3×1.5×2×3=7.425KN
4.4垂直荷载组合
⑴ 外立杆
N1=1.2×（2.2462+1.682）+1.4×4.725=11.3291KN
⑵ 里立杆
N2=1.2×（2.2464+0.767）+1.4×7.425=14.0111KN
5． 水平悬挑梁设计

N3 N2 q N1

200 1400 350 1050 100

计算简图
⑴ 最大弯距 M=11.329×1.45+14.0111×0.4+0.205×1.2×1.552/2=22.327KNm
⑵选用16号I字钢：WX=140.9cm3，I=1127mm4 自重q=0.205KN/m
根据钢结构设计规范（GBJ17-88）个规范，轧制普通工字钢受弯要考虑整体稳定问题。
按附录一之（二），本悬臂梁跨长1.45m折算成简支梁，其跨度为2×1.45m，查附表
1.3用插入发求得Φb=1.38＞0.6，改查表1.2，得Φ=0.8514。
则悬挑梁弯曲应力为：
f=21.626×106/（0.8514×140.9×103）=180.27N/mm2＜205 N/mm2 ，安全。
⑶挠度Δ= N1I3/3EI+ N2a2（3I-a）/6EI
=（11329×14503）/（3×2.06×105×1127×104）+(14011.1×400)(3×1450-4002)/(6×2.06×105×1127×104)
=4.959+0.636=5.59mm＜2×1450/400=7.25mm,可以.
⑷16号I字钢后部锚固钢筋设计
N3=22.144/1.4=15.817KN
锚筋选用φ16圆钢，吊环拉力（设计值）为：
δ=15.817×103/（2×0.785×162）=39.35N/mm2
小于吊环控制应力50N/ mm2。安全。
⑸结论：当挑梁用16号I字钢，为保证施工安全，在工字钢上设一斜拉钢丝绳，间距隔一拉一，直径ф10钢丝绳加花篮螺栓。
6． 立杆强度及稳定性计算
⑴无风荷载时，立杆最大垂直力为14.011KN
立杆步距 1.5m
立杆计算长度，根据第5.3.3条规定：
I0=1.155×1.5×150=259.8cm
则细长比 λ=259.8/1.58=164.5
查附录c，φ=0.185
立杆轴向压应力f=14011/（0.185×489）=154.88N/mm2＜205 N/mm2，安全
⑵在风荷载作用下，外力杆稳定性计算
建筑物最大高度按100m计，最后一组挑架假设从100-10×1.5=85m开始搭设，此情况立杆垂直力最大，相应风载也大。
基本风载 0.55KN/m2，高度变化系数（B类）2.006
查表A-3，敞开式脚手架的挡风面积为1.5×1.5×0.089=0.2m2
密目网的挡风系数取0.5，则在脚手架外立杆里侧满挂密目网后，脚手架综合挡风面积为：（1.5×1.5-0.2）×0.5+0.20=1.225 m2
其综合挡系数为φ=1.225/（1.5×1.5）=0.5444
查规范表4.24，背靠开洞墙、满挂密目网的脚手架风载体性系数为1.3φ，则
脚手架所承受风载标准值为
0.7×0.55×2.006×（1.3×0.5445）=0.5467KN/m
由风载设计值产生的外力杆弯距（据公式5.34）
MW=0.85×1.4×0.5467×1.5×1.5×1.5/10=0.219KNm
组合风载后外力杆压弯应力
f=11202.8/（0.185×489）+0.219×106 /（5.08×103）=166.91 N/mm2＜205 N/mm2，安全
7． 连墙件设计
⑴按照常规的做法连墙件二端分别用一个扣件与立杆和墙体埋件连接，按照规范（5.4.1）公式进行多次试算，一个构件所传递轴向力设计值均大于表5.1.7所列一个直扣件、旋转扣件的抗滑承载力设计值8KN ，故决定采用2个扣件进行连接，即连墙杆一侧分别与里、外立杆同时连接，另一侧在建筑物的内、外墙面各加两只直角扣件扣紧。
⑵脚手架高度在50m以下,采用两只扣件连接时,连墙件按3步2跨设置,连墙件的轴向力设计值按公式5.4.1计算为：
W50=1.4×0.7×0.55×（1.3×0.5445）×1.67×（5.4×3）+5=15.32KN＜16KN，安全
⑶本工程连墙件采用脚手管与框架柱刚性连接，详见前面文字部分；
8． 脚手架的构造
8.1立柱构造的要求：
立柱接头必须采用对接扣件对接，对接应符合以下要求：
立柱上的对接扣件应交错布置，两个相临的立柱接头在高度方向错开的距离不应小于500mm；各接头中心距主节点的距离不应大于步距的1/3。
8.2纵向水平杆构造要求：
⑴纵向水平杆设置在横向水平杆之上，并以直角扣件扣紧在横向水平杆上。纵向水平杆在操作层的间距不宜大于400mm。
⑵纵向水平杆的长度一般不宜小于三跨，并不小于6m。
⑶ 纵向水平杆一般宜采用对接扣件连接，对接接头应交错布置，不应设在同步、同跨内，相临接头水平距离不应小于500mm，并应避免设在纵向水平杆的跨中。端部扣件盖板边缘距杆端的距离不应小于100mm。
8.3 横向水平杆的构造要求：
双排架的横向水平杆两端采用直角扣件固定在立柱上，靠墙一侧的外伸长度一般为400mm。
9． 剪刀撑与横向支撑的构造要求：
⑴沿脚手架纵向两端和转角处起，在脚手架外侧面整个长度与高度用斜杆搭成剪刀撑，自下而上循序连续设置。
⑵每道剪刀撑跨越立柱的根数宜在5-7根之间。每道剪刀撑宽度不应小于4跨，且不小于6m，斜杆与地面的倾角宜在45度-60度之间。
⑶剪刀撑斜杆的接头必须采用搭接，搭接长度不小于1m，并用不少于2个旋转扣件扣紧。
⑷剪刀撑斜杆应用旋转扣固定在与之相交的横向水平杆的伸出端或立柱上，旋转扣件中心线距主节点的距离不应大于150mm。
⑸一字型、开口型双排脚手架的两端必须设置横向支撑，中间宜每隔6跨设置一道
10．悬挑式脚手架搭设：
⑴ 根据建筑物外形，在建筑物平面图上布设悬挑梁。
⑵ 在建筑物四角转弯处，悬挑梁可按附图所示方案布设，并相互连牢。
⑶ 根据悬挑梁布设方案要求进行放线、定位。
⑷杆件搭设顺序如下：放置悬挑梁------立柱-----横向扫地杆------第一步横向水平杆-----练墙件-----第二步横向水平杆……。
11. 脚手架搭设注意事项：
⑴悬挑梁应准确地放在定位线上，焊在梁上防止立杆滑动的短钢筋，在纵向应成一条线。　
⑵搭设立柱时，外径不同的钢管严禁混用，相临立柱的对接扣件不得在同一高度内，错开距离应符合构造要求。
⑶开始搭设立柱时，要采用安全措施，保证其稳定与垂直。
⑷当搭至有连墙件的构造时，搭设完该处的立柱、纵向水平杆、横向水平杆后，应立即设置连墙件。
⑸封闭型脚手架的同一步纵向水平杆必须四周交圈，用直角扣件与内、外脚柱固定。
⑹横向水平杆靠墙一端至墙装饰面的距离不应大于100mm。
⑺当脚手架操作层高出连墙件两步时，应采取临时稳定措施，直到连墙件搭设完后方可拆除。
⑻剪刀撑、横向支撑应随立柱、横向水平杆等同步搭设，剪刀撑、横向支撑等扣件的中心线距主节点的距离不应大于150mm 。
⑼对接扣件的开口应朝上或朝内。各杆件端头伸出扣件盖板边缘的长度不应小于100mm。
⑽铺设脚手板时，应满铺、铺稳，靠墙一侧立墙面距离不应大于150mm。
12. 脚手架拆除要点：
⑴划出工作区域，禁止行人进入，并有人监督指挥。
⑵严格遵守拆除顺序，由上而下，后绑者先拆处，先绑者后拆除，一般先拆栏杆，脚手板，剪刀撑，而后拆除小横杆、大横杆、立杆等。
⑶统一指挥，上下呼应，动作协调，当解开与另一个人有关的结扣时，应先告知对方以防坠落。

（英文版 ）
Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department
The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. On