上海市虹口区2017度高三第一学期英语期终教学质量监控测试.doc

虹口区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期终教学质量监控测试 2017.12
第 I 卷 (共100分)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
How to deal with Whiners（抱怨不停的人）?
There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they (21) ______ (treat) unfairly.
Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious(会蔓延的) , (22) ______ attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, (23) ______ are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ming, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).
It is especially hard to deal with complaints at work (24) ______ you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression (25) ______ you agree with them. “Listen to the whiners actively,” said HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see (26) ______ there are ways to improve the situation.”
Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from (27) ______ (extend) working hours to cheap hotels on business trips. “I let them talk about their opinions,” she said, “They feel better when (28) ______ (tell) someone how they want things to be.”
But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them (29) ______ (fix) everything technically.” he said.
HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “(30) ______ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usually disappear.”
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. defense B. avoid C. believing D. mistake E. required F. critical
G. cheating H. ashamed I. identify J. confirm K. similar
We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our 31 , by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid 32 problems in the future.
Making ethical （伦理的）decisions is a(n) 33 part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can’t see the risks we’re taking, we can’t make responsible choices. To 34 risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn’t know the rules about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as 35 . But the fact that such a violation is “unintentional” does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a 36 .
Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they’re taking by using excuses: “Everyone else does it,” “I’m not hurting anyone,” or “I really need this grade.” Excuses can get very complex: “I know I’m looking at another’s exam, even though I’m supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that’s not 37 because I’m just checking my answers, not copying.” We must be honest about our actions, and 38 excuses. If we fool ourselves into
39 we’re not doing anything wrong, we can’t see the real choice we’re making--and that leads to bad decisions.
To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or
40 of your actions? If you’d rather hide your actions, that’s a good indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Migrant workers
In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly independent countries have 41 most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the 42 in the Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to 43 outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, including South Korea and Japan.
In view of the 44 living and working conditions in the Middle East, surprising it is not that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a 45 attraction. An allied (联合的) benefit is the low 46 or a complete lack of it. This 47 the amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.
Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating (补偿的) advantage. 48 , the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other for safety and comfort. 49 , many migrant workers can save large sum of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater
50 to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do 51 work in their home country.
One major problem which affects migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are
52 ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be 53 since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any case, migrant workers accept this 54 , along with others, because of the 55 financial benefits which they receive.
41. A. presented
B. devoted
C. adapted
D. restricted
42. A. style
B. evidence
C. case
D. hint
43. A. call in
B. bring up
C. turn down
D. help out
44. A. excellent
B. difficult
C. fair
D. stable
45. A. casual
B. familiar
C. major
D. final
46. A. consumption
B. pressure
C. competition
D. taxation
47. A. occupies
B. increases
C. blocks
D. protects
48. A. For example
B. In particular
C. By comparison
D. In other words
49. A. Therefore
B. Likewise
C. Consequently
D. However
50. A. agreement
B. outcome
C. prediction
D. challenge
51. A. skillful
B. vivid
C. routine
D. potential
52. A. temporary
B. ordinary
C. voluntary
D. revolutionary
53. A. claimed
B. criticized
C. considered
D. expected
54. A. sacrifice
B. reminder
C. disadvantage
D. appreciation
55. A. limited
B. considerable
C. reasonable
D. potential
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Forty-three years ago, a man took a “small step” on the moon and brought mankind a “giant leap” forward. As the first person to walk on the moon, American astronaut Neil Armstrong is a man whose name will be remembered for generations to come.
But being the first is never easy. With so many unknowns about space at that time, Armstrong himself was surprised that Apollo 11 actually worked. He thought he and his partners had only a 50 percent chance of a successful landing back in 1969.
It was tough indeed. When the module (登月舱) was approaching the moon’s surface, the computer wanted to rest them on a steep slope covered with rocks, but Armstrong realized it was an unsafe place to stop.
As a last minute decision, he safely landed the module by himself. When they finally touched the ground, “there was something like 20 seconds of fuel left,” he said in an interview earlier this year.
Unfortunately, some people doubted his visit to the moon, saying it was faked. But Armstrong responded with a chuckle (轻声笑), saying: “It was never a concern to me because I knew one day, somebody was going to go fly back up there and pick up that camera I left.”
For all his global fame, Neil Armstrong is a remarkably modest man. He rarely gave interviews and didn’t like talking about his achievement. He stopped giving his signatures when he found that people sold them for thousands of dollars.
“I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger (记账簿) of our daily work,” Armstrong said in a CBS interview in 2005. When asked how he felt knowing his footprints would be likely to stay on the moon’s surface for thousands of years, he said: “I kind of hope that somebody goes up there one of these days and cleans them up.”
Armstrong passed away last month at the age of 82, but he will be remembered. “The next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink (眨眼示意),” his family said to Reuters.
56. It can be inferred from the article that before his expedition to the moon, Armstrong ______.
A. was certain that Apollo 11 would work well B. believed the module would land safely on the moon
C. had prepared himself to face possible failure D. planned to land the module on the moon by himself
57. How did Armstrong respond when people doubted that he had been to the moon?
A. He was angry. B. He was troubled by it.
C. He tried to find evidence that they were wrong. D. He believed they would be proved wrong some day.
58. By saying “I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger of our daily work”, Armstrong meant that _______.
A. the more daily work you’ve done, the more easily you will be recognized
B. things that look spectacular are not as useful as ordinary successes
C. achieving greatness can make other successes feel less important
D. everyday’s hard work is more appreciated than one successful moment
59. Which of the following best describes Armstrong?
A. He was ambitious. B. He tried to avoid the spotlight.
C. He balanced his life and work well. D. He was talkative and loved telling jokes.
(B)
You may read the questions first.
Indian Heroes and Great Chieftains
The book mainly presents us with the American Indian leaders of the past. It features many profiles and biographies including Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Little Crow and Lozen Quanah etc. written by author Charles Eastman, and I’m sure you will be interested in it. 
Name: Sitting Bull
Birth: 1831
Death: 12-15-1890
He was a great hero and is respected by many American Indians. In a 1997 documentary (纪录片) — The Great Tribes, he was known as a holy man, a composer of songs and an artist. Under him, the Sioux and Cheyenne Nations unified. He was advised to go on a European tour in 1887, but he turned it down to defend these two nations from being separated again. He led his people during years of resistance to United States government policies and was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation.

Name: Crazy Horse
Birth: 1842
Death: 9-5-1877
Crazy Horse was a legendary warrior（勇士） and a gentle leader as well as a brave man who stood for the highest ideal of the Sioux, celebrated for his battle skills as well as his efforts to preserve Native American traditions and way of life.  Resisting efforts to force the Sioux on to reservations, he fought alongside Sitting Bull and others in the American-Indian Wars. Charles Eastman described him in his book Indian Heroes as “a man of deeds and not of words”.

Name: Red Cloud
Birth: 1822
Death: 12-10-1909
He was against the movement of the white settlers into the Black Hills. In 1868, he refused to sign a treaty (条约), which stated that the Black Hills didn’t belong to people. The treaty also stated that these areas couldn’t be entered without the government’s permission. According to Eastman’s book Indian Heroes, he was said to have fought against the treaty, forcing the government to give in and pull out of the area.

Name: Lozen Quanah
Birth: late 1840s
Death: 1890
Known as the youngest sister of Red Cloud, she devoted herself to the people. She was described in Peter Aleshire’s Warrior Woman as a heroine good at riding horses and using a bow and arrow to drive attackers away. This skill was considered to be “one of the most honored skills among the Indians”.

60. Which of the following is NOT true about Crazy Horse?
A. He was friendly to his soldier. B. He showed great courage.
C. He was a great talker. D. He was respected.
61. From the passage we can infer that _______.
A. Sitting Bull disliked traveling B. Indian Heroes was a book on Indian history
C. in the 1880s Indian soldiers were mainly armed with bows and arrows
D. in the 1850s Indian women were not allowed to ride horses
62. The main purpose of the passage is to _______.
A. show Indians’ lives to readers B. describe great Indian heroes and heroines
C. show the history of the Indians D. comment on a history book
(C)
Crude awakening
A battle between two energy exchanges
[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit (公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark （基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.
[2]