高中英语七选五解题步骤与技巧(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,“七选五”解题步骤,与技巧,1,命题技巧：,1.题型归纳:完形填空填的是,词,，七选五填的是,句子，,但考察重点相似。该题型在新课标卷出现以来均采用,说明文。,2.选材特点,：,短文一般为300词左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文词数240左右，选项词数60左右。短文篇章结构常归纳为：,提出问题,解决问题,，一般不在首句设空。,3,.,主旨句（标题类，主题句类）,设空类型,过渡性句子（文章结构）,细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑,意义）,2,201,5,年的高考将继续以,说明文,为主。,对,细节题,的考察为七选五的考查重点。,3,解题步骤,：,（在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻,底读懂文章的意思其实是不现实的，也是没有必要的,我,们可以尝试以下四步走。),1.先读,文章的开始部分,，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的,前后,句,寻找并画出,关键词,。（一名(,名词,)袋（,代词,）鼠（,数词,）很特殊（,特殊疑问词,），连（,连词,）蹦（,动词,）带跳很彪（,标点/标题,）悍。）,2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：,词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接,。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。,3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。,4.将,选项,代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。,4,细节类题型解题技巧,(,词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接),答题技巧：,5,1.词汇的衔接包括：,1,)词汇复现,复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。,复现关系，主要是指,原词复现,、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。,6,The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly,Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses,72,So they are called diseases of civilization,Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.,A,Stone Age people lived a simple life.,B,But today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.,C,In that case,they would live much healthier.,D,Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.,E,These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.,F,People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.,G,Modern people used to suffer from diseases of civilization.,sicknessessicknesses,E,同词复现,7,On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._Those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family,The following are its advantages.,B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages.,C.Consider a distance education.,D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.,However,?,反义词复现,8,2)同范畴词出现,同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。,9,Everybody gets stressed time to time.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:(1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult,such as a parent or other relatives.,72,They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test,or the death of a beloved pet.,A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.,C.Different people feel stress in different ways,E.You need to figure out what the problem is.,F.And dont forget about your friends.,可以相信的人=父母+亲戚+朋友（同范畴）,F,10,3),代词线索,英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。,it,可指代单数名词或整个句子；,they,或,them,指代复数名词；,one,指代单数可数名词；,that,指代不可数名词或句子；,this,指代单数名词或句子,;these,或,those,指代前句的复数名词。,11,73,They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,B.,He said that laughter is much healthier,than anger.,A.,Doctors say the solution is learning how to,deal with anger.,C.,Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel,from time to time.,They,A,12,72,.Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper.They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful.People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper._,73,_,E.In fact,they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.,G.Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.,G,E,13,过渡性句子,可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：,A,并列关系：,First(ly),Second(ly),；First,then/next；In the first place，in the second placefor one thing,for another thing,.；then/next,finally/last 等。,B,递进关系：,too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what,s more,in addition,as well,to make matters worse,not.but.,not only.but also等。,C,解释例证关系：,for example,for instance,in fact/as a matter of fact,actually,in other words/that is to say 等,D,因果关系：,so/therefore,thus,consequently(结果）,as a result(of),so/such.that.,so that.等,E,转折对比关系：,but,however,yet,while/though,or/otherwise,on the contrary,instead,nevertheless（然而）,still,yet,on the contrary,in contrast/comparison 等,F,概况归纳关系：,in short,in brief,in summary,generally speaking,in general,to conclude,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole,to sum up 等,2.逻辑关系的衔接,14,B.,There are three practical note-taking,methods.,A.,You must write your notes on separate,paper.,C.,First,the simple act of writing something,down makes it easier for you to understand,and remember it.,_.Second,your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.,C,15,篇章结构类题解题技巧,16,根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略,1)如果问题在段首,通常是段落主题句。,认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。,2)如果问题在段尾,通常是结论、概括性语句。,注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。,17,（2010新课标全国卷）,73_,When a person is asking a question,show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.,A.Show your true interest.,B.Restate the question with respect.,C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.,(2011辽宁卷）,Go for a walk.,Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical are blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain._,74_,A.This can be especially harmful to the aged.,B.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.,C.In other words,when you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.,A,C,18,备考战略：,注重实效,。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。,注意命题陷阱。,切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。,注重速度,。,进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。,将近几年,高考题,进行分析，重点分析结构清晰分明的说明文和议论文。,19,经验一,：前瞻后顾，寻找信号词，回到选择项中筛选。,(,复现,),经验二,：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。,(,同义,),经验三,：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络,留意文章的起承转,.(,逻辑及结构,),经验分享,20,三、总结：,主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要,关键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少,21,Building Trust in a Relationship Again,Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences,36,.,That is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately,weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been suffer from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore,37.,Its understandable,but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.,38,having confidence in yourself will help you make better,choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.,（幸福）,A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.,C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.,B,E,A,22,39,If you,ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there,s a difference between being a victim and living with a,“,victim mentality,”,.,（心态）,At some point in all of our lives,we,ll have our trust tested or violated.,You didn,t lose,“,everything,”,.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.,40,instead,it,s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.,C.,Stop regarding yourself as the victim.,D.,Remember that you can expect the best in return.,F.,This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.,G.,Seeing the positive side of things doesn,t mean you,re ignoring what happened.,c,G,23,24,