2022年四级模拟考试题目.doc

大学英语四级考试模拟试题
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the outline below. You should write at least 120 words，and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese.
目前社会上越来越多人开始在网上购买商品了，对此你有什么见解呢?
1. 诸多人开始在网上购买商品
2. 网上购物也许存在旳问题
3. 我旳见解
The Quality of Products

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet1.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts with the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage;
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

One in three of us will get cancer at some point in our lives. Once so feared its name was whispered, the disease is no longer an inevitable death sentence. Today, almost two-thirds of those who develop cancer will still be alive five years later, compared with just half in 1970s.
Cancer has turned out to be tougher to crack than everyone hoped when U.S. President Richard Nixon launched the War on Cancer in 1971.But death rates are falling, thanks to earlier detection of tumors (肿瘤)and improved use of existing treatments—mainly chemotherapy and radiotherapy .The success has been biggest for children: since the mid-1970s, death rates from cancers of childhood have halved.
Inner workings.
A key reason why cancer patients are living longer is that scientists now understand more clearly what happens when cells turn cancerous. Cancer begins when genes which normally control cell division, growth and repair are damaged through mutation(突变).These genes can then cause cells to grow and divide uncontrollably, destroying neighboring healthy cells.
Mutations can arise by chance errors in DNA replication, and genes can also be damaged by carcinogens(致癌物质)—such as tobacco chemicals, benzene, and some food additives—or ultraviolet light from sunshine. Certain viruses can also trigger gene mutations, such as the human papilloma (乳突淋瘤) virus that can cause cervical(子宫颈旳) cancer.
Some mutated genes are inherited: two examples are BRCA1 and BRCA2 , which together account for about 5% of all breast cancer cases. Other genes such as DBC2, EMSY and FA have been implicated in ovarian, breast and lung cancer.
Once a cell has turned cancerous, it divides until a mass of cells forms a tumor. Diagnostic tests can quickly distinguish between malignant, or cancerous, tumors and those that are benign, or harmless. As a malignant tumor progresses, cells or clumps of cells break off and spread, around the body via the lymphatic system and blood vessels.
The latest generation of treatments exploit our knowledge of what happens within cancerous cells. These target proteins and messenger chemicals—such as growth factors or enzymes –that the errant cells need to survive and grow.
Prevalence patterns
In developed countries, the cancer most likely to afflict you is non-melanoma skin cancer, often caused by the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays. This is usually treated and cured. Melanoma, a deadlier skin cancer, is less common but is increasing by around 3% a year in the U.S. Though UV light is the cause of many skin cancers, there is some evidence that small amounts may also help prevent other cancers. In the developing world the most common cancers are linked to infectious agents, such as cervical cancer or liver cancer, caused by hepatitis （肝炎）B.
The biggest killer in industrialized nations remains lung cancer. For men, lung cancer mortality has been falling since 1990, mirroring a peak in popularity of smoking during the 1960s. For women, who commonly took up smoking later, lung cancer mortality is still rising. Tobacco is also rapidly becoming the leading cause of cancer in Asia.
Breast cancer accounts for almost one in three of all cancers diagnosed in women each year. For men, prostate cancer is just as common， with the highest rates in African American men and Caribbean men of African origin.
Screening for both of these diseases has improved sharply. Early breast tumors show up on a mammogram（乳房X线照片）long before they can be felt as a lump. More women now survive the disease——three-quarters of women whose breast cancer was diagnosed 10 years ago are still alive today.Similarly，a prostate-specific antigen(PSA)test has revolutionized early diagnosis for this cancer in the U.S.Some experts argue that screening can be harmful，however.
Factoring in risk
Dozens of factors affect an individual's risk of getting cancer.Smoking is the biggest single risk factor——with tobacco linked to about a third of all cancers.
Another clearly established risk factor is exposure to ionizing（电离）radiation.This may be responsible for cancers in people living around Chernobyl in Ukraine, Toikamura in Japan and for people working in nuclear power plants.Radiation may also have led to a high incidence of cancer in those who witnessed early nuclear tests or have been in contact with depleted uranium munitions, though a recent study contests this risk.
Risk factors for developing breast cancer include:being childless or delaying childbearing until aged over 30,starting periods early,using hormone replacement therapy，being exposed to oestrogen-like(雌性素类旳) chemicals,and drinking one or more units of alcohol daily. More than one risk factor is usually needed before cancer cells develop.
Risks posed by living near overhead power lines or petrol stops,or using cell-phones,are less clear.
Preventative steps
If everyone stopped smoking, cancer deaths could be cut by one-third, researchers estimate. Moves to protect people from passive smoking, in bars for example, are gaining ground in many industrialized countries.
Staying out of sunlight and using strong sunscreens could prevent hundreds of thousands of us from developing skin cancer worldwide annually. Foods rich in antioxidants and beneficial fatty acids such as omega-3 and oleic acid found in olive oil— a key ingredient of the healthy Mediterranean diet— seem to protect against some cancers, although the findings are mixed.
Doctors can increasingly intervene directly to prevent cancers. For example, vaccines against hepatitis B could soon cut deaths from liver cancer . There are also preventive therapies that interfere with the production of the hormone oestrogen, implicated in many breast cancers. Doctors believe that it could have the rates of breast cancer in women with a family history of the disease.
All this means that, while hopes of total cure for cancer are still unrealistic, the disease is increasingly under control.

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答；8－10题在答题卡1上。
1、The biggest killer in China is liver cancer.
2、Some viruses will give rise to gene mutations , which will result in cancers.
3、In the 1970s,only one-third of those who developed cancer could be alive five years later.
4、Sunbathing helps us prevent ourselves from developing skin cancer.
5、Non-melanoma skin cancer is a deadly skin cancer.
6、Cancer patients are living longer than before because scientists know more about cancerous cells.
7、Mutated genes which are inherited account for about 5% of all cancer cases.
8、Generally , one-third of people will get cancer at some point ＿＿＿＿ .
9、About＿＿＿＿of all cancers have something to do with tobacco.
10、It is true that ＿＿＿＿for cancer is still impossible but the disease is increasingly under control.

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
11A)The woman should have taken Bus Number 15. B) The woman got on the bus to Grand Theatre.
C) The woman should have asked the conductor. D) The woman was going in the opposite direction.
12、A)The next train for Boston will run a bit late because of the weather.
B) The next train for Boston will run on time despite the weather.
C) The next train from Boston will be late as it is raining heavily.
D) The train for Boston will be late as it is foggy.
13、A)Stay at home and review the lesson. B) Stay at home and have a good rest.
C) Go somewhere else. D) Go to the concert.
14、A)The TV program after the news report. B) Whether there is a documentary about the Middle East.
C) The news headlines on today’s newspaper. D) The man’s feeling about the documentary.
15、A)At a supermarket. B) At a bakery.
C) At an ice-cream house. D) At a restaurant.
16、A)Alan is very careless. B) Alan is weak in health.
C) Alan has good friends. D) Alan is disappointed.
17、A) it's not worth seeing at all.
B) Its better than TV programs anyway.
C) it's a good change for someone who stays at home for a long time.
D) it's a bit terrible.
18、A)She has a pain in her neck. B) She is very busy with work.
C) She feels weak. D) She works in the laundry.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19、A)At the airport. B) At the travel agency.
C) At the railway station. D) At the information center.
20、A)Every 24 hours. B) Every 22 and a half hours.
C) Every morning. D) Every noon.
21、A)At 11:40 Monday. B) At 11:40 Wednesday.
C) At 22:30 Tuesday. D) At 22:30 Wednesday.
22、A)The passenger has booked a train ticket.
B) The passenger has booked a plane ticket.
C) The passenger hasn’t decided whether he will go by train or by plane.
D) The passenger will come back to book a train ticket.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23、A)The goods were damaged when the workers unloaded them.
B) The goods were not the same size as they had ordered.
C) The quality of the goods was not what they had ordered.
D) They had some trouble unloading the goods ordered.
24、A)The shipping department in Carpenter and Sons.
B) The shipping department in Schreiner International.
C) The person in charge of ordering the goods.
D) The person in charge of unloading the goods.
25、A)He would give the customer some discount for the load and ship a load of right quality.
B) He would call back and tell the customer when to deliver the goods.
C) He would check the stock position and then decide when to send the goods.
D) He would check on the computer so as to see what discount he could give her.

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Passage One
Question 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard
26、A)It refers to facial expressions and gestures
B) It refers to movements of the body
C) It means the non-verbal language or body language
D) It refers to the nodding or shaking of one’s head
27、A)Because some sounds are hard to pronounce
B) Because there are sharp differences in cultures
C) Because there is no good language environment
D) Because we may not understand non-verbal signals of another culture
28、A)By avoiding eye contact with him B)By directly looking into his eyes
C) By nodding your head up and down D) by listening to him attentively

Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29、A) it's a new method to measure a country’s production.
B) it's a way to study the economies of different countries.
C) it's a new system to help make economic decisions.
D) it's a means to understand a country’s economic changes.
30、A)GNP does not include earnings of companies operating in foreign countries.
B) GDP counts only goods and services produced within the nation’s borders.
C) GDP refers to earnings from home-made products.
D) Earnings by foreign-owned companies are not included in GDP.
31、A)Because economic experts generally approve GDP.
B) Because most industrial countries used GDP.
C) Because GDP provides a truer measure of a country’s economy.
D) Because GDP is easier to be understood.

Passage Three
Question 32 to 35 is based on the passage you have just heard.
32、A)They handed in stained resumes. B) They are not supposed to be trusted with a job.
C) They even cannot spell the name of the company. D) They are irresponsible.
33、A)We should struggle over little things at the cost of something larger we work toward.
B) Keep losing the forest for the trees.
C) We must constantly pay great attention to every detail we encounter.
D) We should work hard on the relevant details.
34、A)Attention to details is most important in undertaking a task.
B) Having in mind a clear goal helps judge the importance of necessary detailed tasks.
C) A goal can be achieved despite some minor faults.
D) Only with attention to every detailed task can there be success.
35、A) Details should be paid attention to at any cost
B) Too much attention to details is harmful
C) When applying for a job, you should pay enough attention to details
D) It is necessary to pay reasonable attention to details.

Section C
Directions : in this section ,you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea .When the passage is read for the second time ,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard .for blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information .For these blanks ,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words .Finally ,when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written .
注意：这部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

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