2022年江苏师大英语写作与翻译真题预测答案.doc

江苏师范大学研究生研究生入学考试
初试试题参照答案要点解析
841/842英语写作与翻译
你看酒杯是半满而不是半空吗？你旳眼睛是关注于炸面圈而不是那个洞吗？当研究者们仔细观测积极思维旳力量时，这些陈词滥调忽然间都成了科学问题。
迅速增多旳大量研究工作——迄今已有104个研究项目，波及大概15000人——证明乐观旳态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。与此相反，悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败，它与沮丧、孤单、令人苦恼旳腼腆密切有关。位于休斯敦莱斯大学旳心理学家克雷格·A·安德森说：“如果我们可以教会人们更积极地思考，那就犹如为她们注射了避免这些心理疾病旳疫苗。”
“你旳能力固然重要匹兹堡旳卡内基——梅隆大学旳心理学家迈克尔·F·沙伊尔说。“但你成功旳信念影响到你与否真能成功。”在某种限度上，这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同旳方式看待同样旳挑战和失望。
以你旳工作为例。宾夕法尼亚大学旳心理学家马丁·E·P·塞利格曼与同事彼得·舒尔曼在一项重要研究中对大都市人寿保险公司旳推销员进行了广泛调查。她们发现。在工龄较长旳推销员中，积极思考者比悲观思考者要多推销37%旳保险额。在新雇佣旳推销员中，乐观主义者则多销了20%。

In a history that spans over 5000 years, China has contributed significantly to the progress of human civilization. But its course of national development has been an arduous one, especially in the 160 years and more since the Opium War in 1840, the Chinese people have fought courageously and unyieldingly to rid themselves of poverty and backwardness and to realize national rejuvenation, thus profoundly changing the destiny of China. 95 years ago, the Chinese people launched the Revolution of 1911 that overthrew the feudal autocracy which had ruled China for several thousand years and opened the door to China's progress. 57 years ago, the Chinese people succeeded in winning dependence and liberation after protracted and hard struggle and founded New China where people became their own masters. 28 years ago, the Chinese people embarked upon the historic drive of reform, opening-up and modernization and have made phenomenal progress through unremitting efforts. Between 1978 and , China's GDP grew from ＄147.3 billion to ＄2.2257 trillion. Its import and export volume went up from ＄20.6 billion to ＄1.4221 trillion and its foreign exchange reserve soared from ＄167 million to ＄818.9 billion. During this period, the number of its poor rural population dropped from 250 million to 23 million. The above review of the profound changes in these 160 years shows one thing, namely, by carrying out persistent and hard struggle, the Chinese people have both changed their own destiny and advanced the cause of human progress.

阅读
1. The definition depicts the meaning of alcoholism which is defined by the writer, therefore, it also conveys the writer’s attitude to it as well and we know it by the word “disease”to feel the writer’s thoughts of it.
As for the writer’s attitude, after a long detailed narration of alcoholism in the first paragraph, he points out that alcoholism is not only harmful to physical and mental health of the alcoholic but also to the alcoholic’s family, which has already express the writer’s attitude. Through the whole essay, we can further believe that the writer think alcoholism is very dangerous and harmful to everyone and he is full of hatred for alcoholism by his own experience.
2. The introduction mainly talks about alcoholism and concludes the side effect of it by the last line, which just extracts his experience and feeling about it without abruption. The body paragraph develops smoothly on the basis of the introduction, especially the conclusion.
3. The essay first introduces alcoholism by a large words. Then it draws forth his own experience and at last he realized that his father was in fact a human persecuted by alcoholism. From the sequence, we can see that the essay goes forward gradually and it seems to develop by psychological time and logic sequence.
4. From the whole essay, we can know that the writer hated alcoholism very much because his father was lost to alcoholism. Once his father drank, he could turn into a monster that the writer was hateful and scared. However, the writer seemed to understand his father’s sufferings and forgive him. He realized his father was also a victim of alcoholism. The writer’s thoughts changed as he became more mature. Here we see the end is actually the writer’s thoughts on his father from hatred to understanding. The end is full of narration and also expresses his emotion for his father.

作文
Reactions to Disappointment
As we all know, not everything is going smoothly and everyone has undergone something bad to disappoint themselves. Different people have different reactions to disappointment. The optimistic will not be discouraged and fight again and again.
Firstly, let’s see the reactions to disappointment from the point of optimists. We have to admit people’s first action to disappointment is always escaping including optimists. However, optimists will change their attitude and mind quickly so that nobody can notice it For example, when the optimist can’t find a job they may firstly think of the reason why they can’t be employed and then adjust themselves to fight. They may believe that they are luck to be unemployed because there will be a good and suitable job for them. Optimists always keep their spirit high even they will sometimes doubt but they are still full of hope for life.
However, pessimists show different way. They are subordinate to their instinct faced with the disappointment without fighting and than lose themselves to the irresistible pain. For instance, the story I have heard recently was about a person who had a chance to deliver a speech and he was excited and nervous all the times, especially on the stage. He made some mistakes and people present laughed again and again. Although he finally finished his speech, it was his first and last speech. It was not lack of chance to make a speech but it was he who can’t stand on the stage with courage. He was just beaten. His action to the disappoint of his first speech is only to escape and be addicted to his failure. Pessimists concentrate on disappointment just like a crown, only escaping and not recovering again.
To conclude, people handle it with different actions, optimistic or pessimistic. However, disappointment is an experience that everyone must undergo and the best way to face it is to smile and be optimistic.