新牛津深圳版英语七年级下册第5单元知识要点.doc

新牛津深圳版英语七年级下册第5单元知识要点
一、单词：
1. through 通过；穿过( across ) 2. voice 嗓音;说话声( sound; noise; ice )
3. stir 搅拌( star ) 4. return 归还(= give back )还回(= go back )
5. quantity 数量( ant 蚂蚁 ) 6. valuable 宝贵的(= very rich; value n. )
7. crystal 结晶体( cry ) 8. experiment 试验，实验( = test/ quiz )
9. add 增加；添加(addition) 10. fresh 新鲜的(= new/ unused)；无盐的
11. bank 银行；岸堤 12. continue 继续(= go on; continue doing sth )
13. drop 滴; 落下(=fall down) 14. change 找给的零钱；找零( chance 机会 )
15. pipe 管道 16. journey 旅行，旅程(= trip / travel )
17. form 形成；构成；年级 18. chemical 化学品(chemistry化学;chemist化学家)
19. bit 有点；一点(= little) 20. vapour 蒸气；雾气( pour 倒; our )
21. salt 盐( salty adj.咸的 ) 22. on 表示已连接、处于工作状态中或使用中
二、词组：
1. turn off / on 关掉；打开 2. a bit = a little 有点；一点
3. add…to= put…in 把…加入 4. part of… …的一部分
5．dry up 干涸 6. be made up of= consist of 由…组成
7. pocket money 零花钱 8. add to= increase 增加；增长
9. instead of 代替 10. a drop of water 一滴水
11. make…clean 使…干净 12. travel through the… 游遍…
13. drop into 掉进… 14. twice as much as 两次之多
15. come out of 从…出来 16. through out the world 遍及世界
17. two thirds 三分之二 18. be covered with/ by 被...覆盖
19. by the way 顺便说/问一下 20. in a low / loud voice 小声大声说
21. more than=over 超过；多于 22. turn…down/ up 调低/高；调小/大
23. look around 环顾四周 24. have/ take a bath/ shower 洗澡；冲凉
25. fall down 掉下；落下 26. change /turn...into 把...变成...
valuable = useful and important/ worth lots of money turn off = switch off
三、句型结构：
1. remember (not) to do sth. 记得做某事 2. tell sb.(not) to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
3. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物( lend; pass; send; show )
4. It’s adj. to do sth. = To do sth is adj. 做某事是…
5. It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时间了
6. It’s time to do sth. = It’s time for sth. 是做某事的时候了。
Eg: It’s time for class. = It’s time to have classes. 是上课的时候了。
7. continue/ go on doing sth. 继续做原事
Eg: After a rest, we continued playing football. 稍事休息后，我们继续踢足球。

8. continue/ go on to do sth. 继续做另件事
Eg: After he played games, he continued to read a book. 他玩游戏后接着看书.
▲辨析：
1. sound (大自然的)声音; noise 噪音；吵闹声; voice 嗓音；说话声
2. too much + 不可数名词; too many + 可数名词复数; much too + 形容词副词原形
3. be made of 由...制成; be made from 由...制成; be made up of 由...组/构成
The table is made of wood. 桌子是用木头制成的。(看得见原材料。)
The wine is made from grapes. 酒是用葡萄酿造的。 (看不见原材料。)
China is made up of over thirty provices. 中国是由三十多个省组成的。
4. a little = a bit ( of ) 一点儿；一点点
He drank a little milk. He drank a bit of milk.
She likes the food a little. = She likes the food a bit.
四、语法：(Talking about quantities)论数量
1. plenty of， a lot of，lots of， a lot的用法辨析
这四个词组都有“许多，大量”的意思。plenty of，a lot of与lots of的意思与用法完全相同，都是起形容词作用的词组，后接可数或不可数名词均可，相当于many或much。A lot 是口语的一个常用词组，多用肯定句，有时也用于疑问句， 但其后面不可接名词。
There’s lots of/ a lot of/ plenty of work to do. 有许多事要做。
Sometimes we have very little snow，but sometimes there’s a lot。
2. few, a few, little, a little 的用法辨析
few, a few, little, a little可作名词或形容词使用，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语或定
语，表示“少量，不多”的意思。Little、a little修饰不可数名词，a few，few 修饰可数名词的复数形式。little与few表示否定的含义；a little与a few表示肯定的含义。
Of my friends, few live in Japan. 我朋友中，几乎没人住在日本。
Few of those roses are worth buying. 那些玫瑰没有几多值得购买。
He drank a little mike. 他喝了些牛奶。
I’d like a few more red rosed. 我想再要几朵玫瑰。
3. some, any的用法辨析
some, any都有“一些”的意思，可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。在通常情况下，some用于肯定句与陈述句，有时也可用表示委婉语气（通常含有情态动词）的疑问句中；any用于否定句与疑问句，有时也可用于肯定句中，意为“任何；任一”。
May I ask you some questions? 我可以问你几个问题吗？
Would you like some fish? 你需要一些鱼吗？
You can ask any boy. 你可以问任何一个男孩。 You can ask some boy.你可以问某个男孩。
五、写作指导：作文范文
Water
Water is very important in our daily life. We need water to drink,take a shower or bath, water plants and so on. So without water, life can’t go on.
Most part of the Earth is coverd by oceans. But people are always wasting（浪费；waste）water. They often leave the tap on when they brush their teeth.
We should try our best to save water. For example, we can take a shower instead of a bath. That can save a lot of water.
Protecking Our Environment
The environment is everything around us, such as plants, animals, air, water and land. And environment is different in different parts of the world.
The earth is the home of all plants, animals, and man. But man has polluted both air and water and killed animals for food. Many animals are dying out. Now many people are afraid that fruit and vegetables are not fit to eat. So we should have a love for all the living things(生物)on earth and let plants, animals and man live happily together.
I、词语释义：（每小题1分，共15分）
1. The rain dropped from the sky.
A. jumped B. fell down C. walked D. disappeared
2. These stamps have a long history, so they are valuable.
A. worth much money B. worth a little money C. worth nothing D. worth little money
3. Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty.
A. put…in B. got…from C. joined…in D. led…to
4. There are a few students in the classroom.
A. a lot of B. not many C. not much D. plenty of
5. Your shoes are a little short.
A. a bit of B. lots of C. much D. a bit
6. I like drinking coffee and I like to add some sugar to it.
A. put…in B. take…away from C. give…to D. spend…on
7. These books are very valuable to me, because I can never buy it in the market.
A. beautiful B. useful and important C. helpful D. ordinary
8. My parents bought me too many toys. There is no room for them.
A. not enough B. just right C. more than enough D. too much
9. We are in Moscow for a meeting. We must return to Dalian within three days.
A. come back B. go back C. pay D. give back
10. There are more than one hundred people in the swimming pool.
A. over B. above C. less than D. too much
11. When you leave the room, you must turn off the TV.
A. swicth off B. take away C. break down D. get down
12. Your clothes are dirty.
A. tidy B. clean C. not clean D. pretty
13. There is no one at the office now.
A. nobody B. someone C. anyone D. somebody
14. Mum is angry because I broke her beautiful cup.
A. sad B. lonely C. unhappy D. worried
15. Tim isn’t in the living room, but the TV is on.
A. is off B. is working C. doesn’t work D. can’t work
II、根据句意，用所给词的正确形式填空：（每小题1分，共15分）
16. To save water, we should take a shower instead of ( have ) a bath.
17. We need to drink ( much ) water on hot days.
18. When there is enough water in the clouds, it ( fall ) as rain.
19. Look! The boy ( waste ) water, we should stop him.
20. Some foods are unhealthy because there are ( chemical ) in them.
21. If you are tired, please stop ( work ) to have a rest.
22. Dad, I can’t stand the food you cooked, it is too ( salt ).
23. Oh, Tom, your shoes are ( dirt ).
24. Water covers about two ( three ) of the Earth.
25. When we are having a rest, we need ( little ) water.
26. Please remember ( wash ) hands before a meal.
27. It’s time for us ( clean ) up the park.
28. Jim bought his mother a ( value ) necklace(项链).
29. Big Guangzhou is ( make ) up of a lot of satellite towns.
30. Teachers often tell us ( not copy ) others.
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