新世纪大学英语综合教程1课后答案第二版秦秀白Unit5KnowingYoursel.doc

Unit 5 Knowing Yourself: Keys to the exercises  
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
●Working with Words and Expressions
1 In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
1) The film reveals the complicated social relations during the 1970’s.
2) His mother criticized him for behaving badly towards the guest.
3) He is a competent doctor and can handle his patients very efficiently.
4) His teachings have influenced the lives of millions.
5) OK, I’ve done everything you asked. Now are you satisfied?
6) Though small in size, this press (出版社) produces many entertaining and educational books for children every year.
7) If he dies without making a will (遗嘱), his closest relative will inherit the house.
8) Whatever you say will not affect my decision; so it’s no use arguing with me.
9) The whole world is now confronted with the problem of terrorism (恐怖主义).
10）The escaped criminal offered no resistance when the police caught up with him.
11）Being an introvert, I felt quite isolated during the first few weeks of college life.
12) Since we have only two professors of psychology, we have to restrict the number of students on this course.
13) Though she answered all the questions, she was not optimistic about the result of the exam.
14) Don’t be so selfish ; let us share your books.
15) Don’t mention that she has put on weight; she is rather sensitive about it.
2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
1) The chairman of the Science Club summed up the meeting by repeating the main points discussed.
2) We hope that our research will have an impact on the environment, especially the quality of air in cities.
3) I know you are still angry with John but please be polite when you respond his questions.
4) Reading books and travelling across the country can surely expand your horizons.
5) My lecture today falls into three sections.
6) Listen to her voice, you can hear her professional training at work.
7) During the examination period, I would like to shut myself off from everything and just focus on my studies.
8) I did so badly in my last two tests that I feel I am no longer in control of my studies.
9) I want to live a happy life, free from problems and worries, but it is just so difficult.
10) Unless you are in good shape physically, you will not be able to climb the Great Wall.
3 The underlined words in the short text below are incorrectly used. Read thetext carefully and replace each of them with a word given in the box. The firstcorrect answer is already given.
Kathy is a 1) combination. Not only is she good in her studies, she is also a top swimmer and someone who plays the piano well. The 2) growth of her talents, in study and in sports, makes her a popular student in school. Although she is already so good, she still tries to
3) vary ways to improve herself. One 4) individual example is that she reads all kinds of books and does not 5) dominateherself to only one type. The topics of her books 6) spread from social subjects such as health, education, and environment to science and technology. Kathy thinks that reading can 7) restrict her knowledge and help her a lot in her 8) opportunity as a good individual. She is persistent and never gets tired of learning.
In terms of personality, Kathy is kind and helpful. She is not proud at all; nor does she isolate herself. In fact, she likes the 9) element of her friends and often goes out with them
to watch a movie or just to be with them. When talking to her friends, Kathy does not 10) seek the conversation. Instead, everyone has an equal 11) availability to speak. When any of her friends has a problem, whether it is academic or emotional, she will definitely help them. In short, Kathy is a pleasant and positive person.
1) high-achiever
2) combination
3) seek
4) specific
5) restrict
6) vary
7) expand
8) growth
9) company
10) dominate
11) opportunity
Increasing Your Word Power
1 Select from among the adjectives in the box and produce as many appropriatecollocations as you can with the target nouns in the following sentences. Someof the adjectives may be used more than once.
1) When a person is angry, he / she may speak using aggressive / sarcastic / harsh / negative words.
2) If you are standing on top of a mountain, what you see could be described as a(n) magical / mystical view.
3) Because my mother does not like my boyfriend, she has a(n) negative / critical opinion of him.
4) Mary is such a nice girl She has a(n) magical / outgoing / optimistic personality.
5) Professor White has been described as a highly intellectual scholar who has published a lot in his field.
2 Complete the following sentences by choosing a most suitable adverb fromamong those given in the box.
1) He is always sleeping in class. Evidently , he is not interested in this subject.
2) This is not a group activity. Therefore, you will have to do the exercise individually .
3) If you are not absolutely sure of what happened, you should not say that you know everything about the accident.
4) My good friend is consistently /evidently / absolutely good in his work. For the past ten years, he has never made a single mistake.
5) I spent most of the money that my father gave me in the first few weeks at the university. Consequently, I had very little towards the end of the semester and had to borrow from friends.
6) Throwing a party is tiring both mentally / physically and physically / mentally ; the host / hostess has to think of what to prepare, make the necessary preparations, and make sure that everybody feels welcome.
7) As far as I know, Dr Zhou is probably / absolutely the best heart doctor in this province.
8) Xiaohui is one of the most motivated students I know. She does everything eagerly and enthusiastically.
9) A strong person will not be easily influenced by the environment.
10) Normally, he is very quiet and mild but today he is so aggressive and violent.
3 Did you notice the suffixes -ity/ty, -ic/ical in words such as loyalty, reality,optimistic, mythical in this unit? The suffixes -ity/ty can be added to manyadjectives to form nouns, and -ic/ical can be put after many nouns to formadjectives. Change the words given in brackets into nouns or adjectives, andthen fill them into the blanks.
1) This job requires a person to have the following personality (personal) traits: sensitivity (sensitive) and loyalty(loyal).
2) His mysterious disappearance added to the complexity (complex) of the incident.
3) Mutuality (Mutual) of respect is vital in sustaining a lifetime friendship.
4) It was obvious that the project leader’s stupidity (stupid) was the cause of failure.
5) The robbers were able to plan their robbery of him due to the regularity (regular) of his visits to the same bank.
6) The readability (readable) of your writing relies on avoiding common spelling and grammatical (grammar) errors.
7) Generally, romantic (romance) poems depend on subjective imagination, while realistic (reality) poems focus on objective portrayal.
8) Too much stress may lead to biological (biology) and psychological (psychology) disorders.
9) The social phenomenon can be analyzed from historical (history), economic (economy) and political (politics) points of view.
10) The paper conducts a systematic (system) and logical (logic) research on how to enhance college students’ language competence.
Grammar in Context
Study the following sentences that appear in this unit and reflect on the gradableadjectives or adverbs in comparative forms. And then do the following two tasks.
Task 2: Talk in pairs about the following themes by way of making comparisons,using as many adjectives / adverbs as you can think of in their comparativeand superlative degrees.
?Cities (Hints: Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, etc.)
It is much colder in winter in Beijing than in Shanghai. It is colder in winter in Shanghai than in Guangzhou. Of all the three cities, Beijing is the coldest city in winter.
?Sports (Hints: football, basketball, surfing, etc.)
Among the three sports, I like football the best. Surfing also sounds interesting, but it takes a lot more training to be able to do it than the other two sports.
?Writers (Hints: Lu Xun, Mao Dun, Charles Dickens, Shakespeare, etc.)
I know Lu Xun better than the other writers. Lu Xun is one of the most famous writers in China and he is a modern writer. Shakespeare is famous, but I think his plays are the most difficult to read.
?Films (Hints: The Sound of Music, Gone with the Wind, The Pianist, etc.)
I think Gone with the Wind is very interesting, but it is the longest movie among the three. The Sound of Music is the lightest among the three and I like it much more than I do The Pianist.
?Universities (Hints: Tsinghua University, Peking University, the university where you are studying now, etc.)
Peking University and Tsinghua University are the two most famous universities in China. They are also among the best universities in the world. As far as I know, Peking University is better known for its arts courses and Tsinghua is better known for its science courses.
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letterof each is given.
When a person is born, he / she has a set of personalities that make him / her different from others. Psychologists believe that colors are sometimes a good way to indicate (1) how a person behaves and the way he / she responds (2) to things that are happening to him / her. They can also represent / reflect (3) personality traits. Nonetheless, we cannot be absolutely (4) sure about a person’s characteristics by just looking at his / her preference (5) for certain colors. Therefore, we should not be harsh (6) and critical towards a person just because he / she likes a specific (7) color that does not represent some positive traits (8) or
characteristics. Psychologists also believe that everyone can develop or change his / her personality. For example, if an individual (9) wants to correct his / her negative traits such as his / her immature (10) behavior, he / she has to make an effort (11) to do so. He / She has to be persistent (12) and keep working hard to ensure that he / she can achieve (13) his / her goal. Therefore, if a person is determined, he / she can change the traits he / she inherits (14) from his / her parents. The important thing is to change for the better and not for the worse.
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressionsgiven in brackets.
1) 威廉非常喜欢那女孩子，所以他尽力讨好她，并且很有信心可以赢得她的
心。(impress；optimistic)
William likes the girl a lot so he tries very hard to impress her and is optimistic that he will win her heart.
2) 他有创造性，对未来也有很好的判断力，可就是喜欢秘而不宣。(creative;
vision; keep sth. to oneself)
He is very creative and has a good vision of the future, but he likes to keep things to himself.
3) 他们来自一个贫穷的小山村，那里的人们远离现代文明。(shut off)
They came from a poor village where people were shut off from modern civilization.
4) 我们要努力工作，争取达到我们所订下的目标。(achieve the goals; make an /
the effort)
We must work hard and make an effort to achieve the goals that we have set.
5) 我们应该满足于我们所拥有的一切，不该对周围的事情太吹毛求疵。(be
content with; critical)
We should learn to be content with all that we have and should not be too critical about things around us.
6) 他们经常代表学校参加辩论比赛; 今晚我们将聚会庆祝他们的成功。
(represent; throw a party)
They often represent our school in debating competitions; tonight we will throw a party to celebrate their success.
7) 通过读书，他不仅开阔了视野，而且学会了不断完善自己的人格。(expand
one’s horizons；improve)
Through reading, not only has he expanded his horizon, he has also learned to keep improving his character.
8) 为把那个女孩从火中救出，两名警察牺牲了他们的生命。(sacrifice)
Two policemen sacrificed their lives in order to save that girl from the fire.
9) 稳定的、无冲突的夫妻关系对家庭中的孩子有好处。(stable, conflict)
A stable relationship without conflicts between husband and wife benefits the children in the family.
10) 不要抱怨命运，尽可能好地享受自己的生活。(fate, make the best of)
Don’t complain about your fate and make the best of your life.
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