whichwho和whose引导的定语从句练习和答案句子翻译.doc

which、who引导的定语从句
一、 which引导的定语从句
which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。
例如：The building which / that stands near the river is our school. (先行词在从句中作主语)
The house (which / that) we live in is not large. (先行词在从句中作live in宾语)
= The house where we live is not large. (先行词在从句中作live的状语)
= The house in which we live is not large.(先行词在从句中作live的宾语，介词后面的which不能省略)
小试牛刀：The school is very beautiful. I study in the school.
This is the watch. He was looking for a watch.
【2021•河南】Tony, tell me the result of the discussion_____ you had with your dad yesterday.
A. what B. which C. when D. who
【2021•湖北】The place _______interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A. which               B. where                 C. what               D. in which
【2021•浙江】This is the hotel _______last month.
A. at which they stayed      B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at        D. that they stayed
二、 who、whom引导的定语从句
1、who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。但是who 的前面不能有介词，如果带介词，那么必须用： 介词+whom。
例如：This is the man who helped me.
The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.
He is the boy with whom i went there.
2、whom引导的定语从句，whom在从句中作宾语，修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。
(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…)
例如：The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.
=The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后 whom不能省略)
小试牛刀：The babies are very healthy. The nurses are looking after them.
The doctor is in the room. You are looking for the doctor.
【2021河北】The teachers came for a visit are foreigners.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
【2021•甘肃】Jane is one of the students in the class have ever been to China.
A. who B. whose C. which D. whom
【2021•湖南】Do you know the man _______
A. whom I spoke    B. to who spoke      C. I spoke to        D. that I spoke
三、 that、who与which的辨析
使用情况
例句
用which不用that
1、在引导非限制性定语从句时
The tree,which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
2、在介词宾语时
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
只
有
that
1anything,nothing,theone,all,few,much,any,little等不定代词做先行词时
Finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
2、先行词有the only,the very修饰时
This is the very man that I want to meet.
3、先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时
That is the most important thing that I want to know.
4、先行词即有人，又有物时
Do you know the things and the peoples(that) they are talking about
5、主句中有who或whom时
Who is the man that is reading the newspaper
6、以Here is (are)开头的句子时。
Here is a film that will move anyone.
用who不用that
1、先行词为those指人时
Those who want to go there raise your hand.
2、there be/ live构造中先行词指人时
There once lived a king who was kind to his people.
3、one,anyone,no,all,nobody,none等不定代词做先行词时
Anyone who broke the window would be punished.
We should learn from the one who benefits us.
小试牛刀：用关系代词填空。
1、Is there anything I can do for you
2、He answered few questions the teacher asked.
3、That is the most interesting book I have ever read.
4、The first thing I should do is to review my lessons.
5、That’s the only thing I can do now.
6、These are the very words he used.
7、Who is the girl spoke to you just now
8、Which is the pen you lost
9、The man and his dog I always meet are standing by the gate.
10、The professor and his achievement I heard about are admired by them .
完成句子。
1、 这就是你们前天谈到的那个司机吗？
Is this the driver the day before yesterday？
2、 我昨天买的钢笔在桌子上。
The pen is on the desk.
3、 正在那边看书的那个人是谁？
Who is the man over there
4、 杭州制造的丝绸很畅销。
The silk in Hangzhou sells well.
5、 你认识教我们物理的张教师吗？
Do you know Mr. Zhang ？
参考答案：
小试牛刀：1、that 2、that 3、that 4、that 5、that 6、that 7、that 8、that 9、that 10、that
1. who\ whom\ that you talked about 2 Which \ that I bought yesterday 3 Who\ that is reading
4 Which\ that is produced \made 5Who\that teaches us physics
whose引导的定语从句
【例句】
1. The girl whose mother is a teacher studies very hard.
2. Uncle Wang whose office we have just passed is a lawyer (律师).
3. Are there any rooms whose windows face the sea
4. The house whose door is painted red belongs to the Browns.
【探秘】
whose是一个常用的引导定语从句的关系词，它引导的定语从句既可以修饰人〔如例句1与2〕，也可以修饰物〔如例句3与4〕。
注意：
(1) whose在定语从句中，有“所属〞含义，本身就是一个限定词，相当于one’s，一般不再与其他限定词连用。
(2) 引导定语从句的“whose＋名词〞，有时可与of which或of whom互换。如：Are there any rooms whose windows face the sea = Are there any rooms the windows of which face the sea
【语法闯关】将以下简单句合并为含有whose引导的定语从句的复合句：
1. The boy was quickly taken to hospital. His legs were badly hurt.
_______________________________________________________
2. Is the notebook yours Its cover is green.
_______________________________________________________
3. I have a pen friend. His father is a policeman.
_______________________________________________________
4. We will visit the town. I have heard of its name.
_______________________________________________________
5. The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his company.
____
Key：
1. The boy whose legs were badly hurt was quickly taken to hospital.
2. Is the notebook whose cover is green yours
3. I have a pen friend whose father is a policeman.
4. We will visit the town whose name I have heard of.
5. The boss in whose company Mr King worked had heard about the accident.
Translate
1 正在踢足球的男孩们是三一班的。
2 昨天，我帮助了一个迷路的人。
3 刘先生是你刚刚谈论的人。
4 你刚刚遇到的人是我的朋友。
5 足球是一个被大多数男孩喜爱的游戏。
6 这是他昨天买的笔。
7 来这个城市旅游的人正在拍照。
8 我今天早上看到的警察在哪里？
9 他有一个爸爸是医生的朋友。
10 我住在一间蓝色窗户的房子。
11 门破了的教室很快会被修理。
12 你喜欢白色的书吗？
Answers
一who指人，在从句中做主语
1The boys who are playing football are from Class One, Grade Three.
2Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
二whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
3 Mr. Liu is the person (who/ whom) you talked about just now.
4 The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
三 which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
5 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
6 This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
四 . that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
7 The people that/who come to visit the city are taking photos. (在句子中做主语)
8 Where is the policeman that/whom I saw this morning (在句子中做宾语)
五. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
9 He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
10 I lived in a house whose windows are blue.
11 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
12 Do you like the book whose color is white
=Do you like the book the color of which is white
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