外研版高中英语必修三全册重要知识点归纳词汇短语句型语法.doc

必修三知识点汇总
Module 1 Europe
重要短语：
第 4 页
because of
be covered by/with
be known for/as/to
make A out of B
on the coast
work on
have…in common
refer to
have control over/of
have a population of
little by little
on the other hand
in one’s thirties
compared with
belong to
increase to/by
in terms of
be faced with
ever since
重要句型：
1. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
one of the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数 最。。。。之一
2. Portugal is to the west of Spain.
①表示位置: A is/lies in/on/to/off the+方向+of B
A is located/situated in/on/to/off the+方向+of B
②位置+距离: A is (about)+距离+（to the）+方向+of B
in ,on与to表地理方位的区别
（1）    表示A在B的范围内（即A是B的组成部分之一）时用in.如：our school is in the west of the town.我们学校在城西。
（2）    强调A与B两地接壤时，用on.如：
Korea is on the east of China.朝鲜与中国东部接壤。
（3）    A在B的范围之外，两者之间没有所属关系时用to。如：Our school is to the west of the hospital.我们学校在医院的西面。
3. on the coast与off the coast
on表示“位于河畔或铁路，公路及海岸等沿线上”；off表示“稍离陆地，在沿岸的海里”。如：
语法要求：
一： 一般现在时与一般过去时的被动语态
被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词(+by) ”构成。被动语态发生时态变化时只变be的形式，过去分词不变。
现在时被动语态：am/ is/ are + 过去分词
过去时被动语态：was/ were + 过去分词
二：主谓一致：本单元主要强调第二个原则
语法一致原则。句子的主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
注意：(1) something, everybody, nobody , either, neither, each等不定代词作主语时，谓语需用单数。
(2) 当主语后面跟有with, together with, as well as, like 等时，谓语动词的单复数形式仍然要与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。
2. 意义一致原则。
一些集合名词，如：family, enemy, class, population, army等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据实际含义而定。当表示整体意义时，用单数；当强调个体成员时，用复数。如：
3. 邻近性原则。neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, or连接两个名词或代词作主语时；由there, here引导的句子，并且主语不止一个时，谓语动词通常与邻近它的主语保持一致。
Module 2
重要短语：
agree to do something
make efforts to do sth.
be important to
(be) close to
in the middle of
as a result
in/during the last ten years
receive a good education
be willing to do sth.
make comparisons
be connected with
at the top of
at the bottom of
practice doing sth.
live with
one or two weeks
up to
make progress
make sure of/about/that
be similar to
encourage sb to do sth
take measures to do sth
be crowded with
in exchange for
achieve one’s goal
life expectancy
重要句型：
语法要求：
1. but与however的联系与区别
2. although引导状语从句
3. while引导比较状语从句
Module3
重要短语:
a column of air
pick up
at sea
put down
take off
on average
natural disaster
catch fire
pour down
set fire to
manage to do sth.
put out
report on
fall down
from side to side
in all
end up in/with
turn over
lose one’s life
according to
take place
a total of
it occur to sb that
重要句型:
①By the time…did…, sb. had done sth.
By the time…do/does…, sb. will have done sth.
②There was the possibility of…
It is possible that…
语法要求：
1. 过去完成时的被动语态：had+过去分词
2. 间接引语。英语中常用两种方式引用别人的话。一种是直接引述别人的原话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。如果把直接引语变为间接引语，从句中的人称、时态、代词、时间状语与地点状语等一般都要作相应的改变。
3. 定语从句。
Module 4
重要短语
cut down
dig up
be caught in …
walk up to
plan to do
in a week’s time
sweep away
take in
give out
I have no idea
have an effect on …
one after another
look through
be part of …
do one’s best
in a nutshell
solve problem
be / feel concerned about / for …
think seriously about …
prevent/stop…(from)doing solve problem
重要句型
①adj. + enough to do
②do nothing but do sth
③can’t (help) but do sth.
④I couldn’t agree withyou more / it couldn’t be worse
⑤if possible
语法要求：
一：不定式的各种时态
一般式：to do/to be done
进行式：to be doing
完成式：to have done
完成时的被动式：to have been done
Module 5
重要短语：
be kind to
be related to
be equal to
human being
be born + adj. /n
tell the time
bring up
be at war with
live a (n) … life
follow / take one’s advice
a sense of responsibility
for the first time
in conclusion
make contribution to …
be proud of…
if so
be similar to
as a result
in some ways
stress the importance of…
be influenced by…
be similar to … /in …
重要句型：
1. The reason why … is that…
2. If …,then …
3. Not only … ,but also …
4. No more … than
语法要求：
一：限制性定语从句：用来修饰某个名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。
引导定语从句的关系代词：that，which，who, whom, whose, as
关系副词：when, where, how, why
注意：1. 介词放在关系代词前面时，介词宾语只能用which代物，用whom代人。
2. 在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中担任介词宾语而介词在句尾时，关系代词可省略。
3. 有时为了行文需要，定语从句中的关系代词与部分谓语动词可省略。
Module 6
重要短语：
provide sth. for sb. /sb. with sth
date from /back to …
hold back
work out
come true
global warming
be equal to
used to
make sense
of all time
dream of
think of
hear from
now that ..
live a (n.) … life
make a note /notes
bring an end to …
a large amount of …
on the spot
work out
be on a visit to …
be pleased with
crash into
date from
重要句型：
It takes sb. Time to do sth.
be of + n. = be + adj.
by doing sth.
语法要求：
非限制性定语从句