北京学位英语第二讲阅读理解练习.doc

阅读理解模拟自测
Passage 1（以下适用于英语统考）
According to a Xinhua News Agency report, residents of China’s five largest cities spent about 643 Yuan (US $80.37) each on sport in 2005, with Beijing topping the survey at about 880 Yuan (US $ 110) per person (The five cities were Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Chengdu).
Chinese are more willing to part with hard-earned cash in pursuit(追求) of fitness than they were 10 years ago. In addition to participating in a variety of fitness（健康） classes, many are now even seeking private training. Almost every new fitness or entertainment（娱乐） product or idea finds a willing audience among the public, whether riding bikes or engaging in “hot” yoga.
A young organizer of a Beijing folding-bike club said, “We take exercise not only for our own fitness, but considering our social responsibilities. For example, every day we ride folding bikes to and from our work places. This is our way of helping reduce pollution in Beijing.”
The city’s elderly actively participate in many of the city’s sports teams. In the early mornings in the park, it is easy to meet groups of the elderly using the national fitness facilities or practicing Taiji and kendo.
One participant said, “We do not want to bring any burden to our children, so we care more about our health than ever before.”
1. Which of the following cities is not among the 5 largest cities of China?
A. Shanghai
B. Tianjin
C. Beijing
D. Wuhan
2. The citizens of which city spent the most money each on sport in 2005?
A. Shanghai
B. Chengdu
C. Beijing
D. Wuhan
3. What are the basic means for people to pursue fitness?
A. fitness classes alone
B. sports teams alone
C. fitness classes and private training
D. fitness classes, private training and sports teams
4. People take exercise not only for their own fitness, but also for___.
A. entertainment
B. environmental pollution
C. social responsibilities
D. hard-earned cash
5. The elderly care more about their health because____.
A. they want to reduce pollution in the city
B. they like sports very much
C. they like to be with other people
D. they don’t want to bring any burden to their children
Passage 1：BCDCD
[1]B.细节题。本题问“下面哪个城市不是中国最大的5个城市之一？”中心词就是“5 largest cities”，经过中心词定位，答案在第一段的最后一句。该句提到中国的5大城市是北京、上海、广州、武汉和成都，所以答案是B。
[2]C.细节题。本题问“2005年哪个城市的居民年花在体育上的钱最多？”中心词就是“on sport”和“2005”。答案在第一段，该段有这么几个词“Beijing topping the survey”，意思是“北京在这份调查中拔得头筹”。据此，可知北京市民2005年花在体育上的钱最多。
[3]D.细节题。本题问“人们追求健康的基本方式有哪些？”中心词是“pursue fitness”。答案在第二段，该段提到了“fitness classes”和“private training”。但是因为选项中还有一个“sports team”，所以我们下一步要看看文章中有没有提到这个项目。结果，我们可以在第四段的第一句找到“sports team”。所以综合起来，答案是D。
[4]C.细节题。本题问“人们进行锻炼，目的不仅仅是为了自身的健康，也是为了_____。”中心词是“take exercise”和“own fitness”。经过定位，我们发现答案在第三段的第一句，该句大意是“北京的一个折叠自行车俱乐部的一名年轻的组织者说道，‘我们锻炼身体不仅是为了自身的健康，也是为了社会责任。”据此，答案是C。
[5]D.细节题。本题问“老年人更加关心自身的健康，这是因为_______。”中心词是“the elderly care more about health”。经过定位，我们发现答案在最后一段。该段大意是“一位参与者说道，‘我们不想给自己的孩子带来任何的负担，所以我们比以前更关心自己的健康’。”据此，可知答案是D。

Passage 2
Wang Yani was born in 1975 in Gongcheng, China. Even when she was a baby, she loved to draw lines everywhere. Seeing this, her father decided to help her. He gave her paint, brushes and paper. She practiced hard and improved very quickly. Soon her lines became flowers, trees and animals. Some of her pictures were shown in an art exhibition in Shanghai at the age of 4.
By age six, Yani had made over 4,000 paintings. She loved to draw animals, especially monkeys and cats. Although her father was good at drawing, he didn’t give her any art lessons. He even stopped painting his own pictures. Instead, he often took the little girl to parks and zoos to get ideas for her work. In this way, Yani developed her own style of painting with bright colors. All her pictures were different from others.
At the age of 8, one of her monkey paintings was made into a Chinese stamp. Later, she started to draw pictures of country scenery and people. And when she was just 14, she became the youngest person to have personal shows in Washington D. C. and many other cities around the world.
1. Wang Yani’s pictures were first shown____.
A. in Gongcheng
B. in Shanghai
C. in Washington
D. in New York
2. She was especially good at drawing ____ before she was eight.
A. monkeys and cats
B. mountains and rivers
C. horses and elephants
D. flowers and birds
3. Why did her father take her to zoos and parks?
A. Because he was not good at drawing.
B. Because the girl wanted to stop painting.
C. Because the girl didn’t like to draw at home.
D. Because he wanted the girl to get ideas for her work.
4. When did Yani have her personal show in Washington D. C.?
A. At the age of 6.
B. At the age of 8.
C. At the age of 10.
D. At the age of 14.
5. Which of the following is true?

A. She had a style of painting with bright colors.
B. She began to learn to draw animals at 14.
C. She had made 2,000 paintings at 6.
D. Her father often gave her art lesson.
Passage 2: BADDA
[1]B.细节题。本题问“王亚妮的画第一次展出是在______。”中心词是“were first shown”，经过定位答案出现在第一段的最后一句。该句明确指出王亚妮的画第一次是在上海展出的。据此，答案是B。
[2]A.细节题。本题问“在8岁前，她特别擅长画_______。”中心词是“good at drawing”和“before eight”。因为第三段的第一句话提到王亚妮在8岁的时候她的一幅猴子画被印在了中国邮票上，所以据此我们可知王亚妮8岁前的事情应该在第二段可以找到。读完第二段的第二句，我们就会发现，8岁前的王亚妮喜欢画动物，尤其擅长画猴子和猫。据此，答案是A。
[3]D.细节题。本题问“为何她的父亲带她去动物园和公园？”中心词是“zoos”和“parks”。经过定位，答案在第二段的第5句，该句指出，王亚妮的父亲之所以带她去动物园和公园就是为了让她得到一些作画的灵感。据此，答案是D。
[4]D.细节题。本题问“王亚妮是什么时候在美国华盛顿举办个人画展的？”中心词是“Washington D. C.”。经过定位，答案在最后一段的最后一句。该句很清楚的表明是在她14岁的时候。据此，答案是D。
[5]A.是非题。是非题的解题第一步是先浏览四个选项。A的意思是“她作画的风格是用明亮的色彩。”B的意思是“她在14岁的时候开始学习画动物。”C的意思是“在6岁的时候她就画了2000幅画作了。”D的意思是“她的父亲经常教她如何作画。”下面我们分别对这四个选项进行定位。A的中心词是“bright colors”，经过定位，我们发现第二段的倒数第二句确实指出王亚妮的风格就是色彩明亮。所以，A是正确的，A就是我们的答案。B不需要我们定位都可以判断是错误的，因为前面我们已经知道王亚妮8岁前就开始画动物了。C的中心词是“6”（6岁），答案在第二段的第一句。该句大意说，在6岁的时候，王亚妮共画了4000幅作品。据此可知C是错误的。D的中心词是“art lessons”，答案在第二段的第三句。该句明确指出她父亲并没有教她作画，所以，D也是错误的。

Passage 3:
One day in 1965, when I was a library worker at school, a teacher came to me. She had a student who finished his work before all the others and needed something more difficult for him to do. “Could you help me in the library?” she asked. I said, “Send him along.”
Soon, a golden-haired boy appeared. “Do you have a job for me?” he asked. I told him about a system for sorting books. He picked up the idea immediately. Then I showed him some cards for some unreturned books that though had been returned but not recorded. Maybe some books were put on wrong places. He said, “Is it a kind of a detective job?” I answered yes, and then began his work.
He had found three books with wrong card by the time his teacher opened the door and said, “Time for rest!” he argued for finishing the finding job, but the teacher won.
The next morning, he arrived early,　“I want to finish these books,” he said. At the end of the day, when he asked to work with me more often, it was easy for me to say yes.
After a few weeks I found a note on my desk, inviting me to dinner at the boy’s home. At the end of a pleasant evening, his mother declared that the family would be moving to another school area. Her son’s first concern, she said, was leaving the library. “Who will find the lost books?” he asked. When the time came, it was hard to say goodbye. Though at the beginning he had seemed an ordinary boy, his strong feeling of interest had made him different.
Do you know who he is? This boy became a great man of the information age: Bill Gates.
1. Why did the teacher go to the library to find a job for Bill Gates?
A. Because the teacher found the librarian quite busy.
B. Because Bill Gates wanted to find a job.
C. Because Bill Gates finished his study quickly and had more free time than the others.
D. Because the library needed a new worker.
2. What do you know from the passage?
A. Library work was very difficult for Bill Gates.
B. Bill Gates did his job without any difficulty.
C. The librarian was too busy to have a rest.
D. His mother hoped that Bill Gates would stay for his job.
3. The sentence “He picked up the idea immediately” means that_____.
A. he learned that system quickly
B. he collected that system quickly
C. he lifted up that system quickly
D. he improved that system quickly
4. What was Bill Gates expected to do in the library?
A. Finding the lost cards.
B. Learning the system.
C. Helping the worker with everything in the library.
D Finding books with wrong cards.
5. How did Bill Gates feel when his family would move to another school area?
A. Sad.
B. Pleasant.
C. Worried.
D. Interested.
Passage 3: CBADC
[1]C.细节题。本题问“为何那位老师要去图书馆给Bill Gates找工作？”中心词是“the teacher”和“the library”。答案在第一段的第二句，该句大意是“She had a student who finished his work before all the others and needed something more difficult for him to do.这名老师有一个学生，这个学生比别的学生提前完成功课，需要找一些难一点的事情来做。”据此可知答案是C。
[2]B.中心思想题。本题问“你从文章中可以得知什么？”解决这种题目，我们首先要浏览一下选项的大意。A的意思是“对Bill Gates来说，图书馆的工作太难了。”B的意思是“Bill Gates毫不困难地就完成了图书馆的工作。”C的意思是“那名图书管理员太忙了，都没有时间休息。”D的意思是“Bill Gates的母亲希望他能够留下来继续做这份工作。”接着，我们要对每一个选项进行判断。第二段的第四句话告诉我们，Bill Gates很快就领会了那位图书管理员的意思。据此可见A是错误的，B是正确的。文章并没有说那名图书管理员忙得都没法休息，所以C是错误的。文章的倒数第二段告诉我们，Bill Gates一家都要搬到外地，Bill Gates的妈妈并没有要求儿子独自留下来。据此可知D也是错误的。
[3]A.句义理解题。本题问我们“He picked up the idea immediately ”这句话是什么意思。A的意思是“他快速的学会了图书馆的系统。”B的意思是“他快速的收集了图书馆的系统。”C的意思是“他快速地举起了图书馆的系统。”D的意思是“他快速地改善了图书馆的系统。” 根据上面第二题的解释，我们已经知道这个句子的意思是A。
[4]D.细节题。本题问“Bill Gates在图书馆里要做什么事情？”中心词就是“the library”，经过定位我们会发现答案在第二段。该段中间几句大意是“我又给他看了一些未归还书的书卡，其实这些书已经还回来了，但是当时并没有做记录。也许其中一些被放在错误的地方了。”据此，可知答案是D（Bill Gates要利用这些书卡找到那些书。）
[5]C.细节题。本题问“Bill Gates对于自己家要搬到另一个校区有什么感受？”中心词是“another school area”。答案在倒数第二段，该段大意是“几周之后，我在办公桌上发现了一张纸条，孩子一家邀请我去共进晚餐。在共度了一个美好夜晚之后，孩子的母亲告诉我说他们一家将会搬到另一个校区。她说孩子最关心的就是要离开图书馆了。孩子会问，‘谁来找那些丢失的书呢？’分手时，我们真的是难舍难分。虽然在开始的时候，这个孩子似乎很平常，但是他做事情的那种强烈的兴趣使得他与众不同。”据此可见Bill Gates的感觉是C（担忧的）。

Passage 4
The United States is a large country. Form the East Coast to the West Coast it is about 3000 miles wide. The Atlantic Ocean is on the east coast and the Pacific Ocean is on the west coast. Canada is the country to the north of the United States and Mexico is the country to the south. There are many rivers in the US. The most important one are the Mississippi River and the Missouri River in the central part of the country, and the Colorado and Columbia River in the west. There are 50 states in the U.S. today.
The American people are of almost every race in the world. This is because of immigration form abroad throughout American history. The population is now over two hundred million. English is the common language. The largest city in the United States is New York. It is on New York Bay and at the mouth of the Hudson River.
1. It is about 3,000 miles wide____.
A. from the East Coast to the West Coast
B. from Canada to Mexico
C. from the Atlantic Ocean to the East Coast
D. from the Pacific Ocean to Canada
2. “The American people are of almost every race in the world,” means_____.
A. the American people include nearly all the races of the world
B. there are several main races in the United States
C. the American people are made up of the white and the black people
D. the American people consist of only one race
3. New York is ______.
A. the capital of the United States
B. in the central part of the country
C. the largest city in the United States
D. at the mouth of the Missouri River
4. How many states in the U.S.?
A. 55
B. 51
C. 49
D. 50
5. The best title for the passage is ____.
A. New York City
B. Knowing the U.S.
C. The Position of the U.S.
D. The History of the U.S.
Passage 4: 1-5: AACDB
[1]A.细节题。本题问“美国何处有3000英里宽？”中心词就是“3,000 miles”，经过定位后我们可以发现答案在第一段的第二句，该句明确告诉我“从美国东海岸到西海岸大约有3000英里宽”。据此，答案是A。
[2]A.句义理解题。本题问“‘美国人民几乎来自于世界每一个种族’这句话的意思是什么？”这句话的意思和A是一样的。A的意思是“美国人民几乎包括了世界上所有的种族。”B的意思是“美国有几个主要的种族。”C的意思是“美国人民是由白人和黑人组成的。”D的意思是“美国人民只包括一个种族。”
[3]C.细节题。本题问“纽约是_______。”中心词就是“New York”，答案在第二段的倒数第二句，该句告诉我们“纽约市美国最大的城市”。据此，答案是C。
[4]D.细节题。本题问“美国有多少个州？”我们看在文章中能找到四个选项里的哪一个数字，那么该数字就是我们的答案。不难发现，第一段的最后一句明确告诉我们，如今美国有50个州，所以答案就是D。
[5]B.中心思想题。解决中心思想题的做法是阅读每个段落的第一句话，这样一般就可以得出文章大意了。如果这样找不出文章的大意，我们再看看一看每个段落的最后一句话。如果还是找不到大意，我们再读一读每个段落的第二句话。文章第一段的第一句话大意是“美国很大。”第一段最后一句话意思是“如今，美国有50个州。”第二段的第一句话说“美国人民包含了世界各个种族。”第二段最后一句话的意思是“纽约坐落于纽约湾，就在哈得孙河的河口处。”从这些句子当中，我们可以知道文章介绍了美国的整体情况，所以最好的题目是B（“了解美国”）。A的意思是“纽约市”，C的意思是“美国的位置”，D的意思是“美国的历史”。

Passage 5
How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thought and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to present those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.
The power of words, then, lies in their associations----the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something increases.
Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar（粗俗的）.
1. One of the reasons why men invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings was that ________.
A. they could express actions and things
B. they could communicate with each other
C. they could agree upon letters
D. they could write and combine them
2. What is true about the words?
A. They are used to express only thoughts and feelings.
B. They are not signs.
C. They are simply sounds.
D. They can only be written.
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The more we read and learn, the more words mean to us.
B. The more we read and learn, the more knowledge we will acquire.
C. The more we read and learn, the more learned we are.
D. The more we read and learn, the more literate we become.
4. In expressing their thoughts, great writer are able ____.
A. to have their own style
B. to be masters
C. to sing
D. to be charming
5. We will make our speech silly if we ______.
A. use words carefully
B. use words in a literary style
C. use words without accuracy
D. use words with caution
Passage 5: 1-5: BCAAC
[1]B.细节题。本题问“人类发明某些声音来表达思想和感情的原因之一是_______。”中心词是“invented certain sounds”，经过定位我们发现答案在第一段的第二句话。该句大意是“我们所知道的就是，和动物不同，人类创造了某些语音来表达思想和情感，行为和事物，这样人们就可以相互进行交流了。后来人们又对某些标记达成了一致，这些标记就是字母。字母可以组合在一起表达语音，也可以被写下来。”据此，可知B完全符合原句的意思。
[2]C.细节题。本题问“下面关于单词的说法哪一个是正确的？”中心词就是“word