人教版高一英语必修一unit1-知识点讲解及练习.doc

单元要点预览
1. 谚语：a friend in need is a friend indeed 患难见真情
A friend is like a second self. 朋友是另一个自我。
一、短语归纳
lought at 嘲笑hide away 躲起来a series of 一系列
grow\be crazy about 对…十分狂热；十分痴迷
something to do with与…有关的某事、nothing to do with 与…无关
happen to do sth 碰巧做某事at dusk: 黄昏时刻傍晚
face to face面对面Take care of 照顾Walking the dog 遛狗（
Pay for sth 为…付款Pack（sth）up将东西装箱打包
Finish sth\doing sth完成某事、完成做某事Stay awake 熬夜
end-of-term exam 期末考fall in love with 爱上
according to 根据make a list of 列清单
二、.词语辨析
1. calm / quiet / silent / still
【解释】
calm 天气、水、水面（表风平浪静）；（指人时）表示镇定自如。
quiet 表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和，文静。
silent 表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语。still “不动的”，指人时侧重一动不动，；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.
2). Why do you keep __________?
3). Everything was ___________.
4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy.
答案: 1). still 2). silent 3). quiet 4). calm
2. join / join in / take part in / attend
【解释】
join 表示参加组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等
join in表示参加游戏、活动等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事
take part in表示参与、参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等
attend 主要指出席、参加会议、婚礼；听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等；上学、教堂
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Can I ___________ the game?
2). Did you ____________ the fighting?
3). He __________ the army last year.
4). A lot of people __________ her wedding.
答案: 1). join in 2). take part in 3). joined 4）attended
四.重点词汇
1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset)
Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要难过--并没有造成伤害。
2. concern v.担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系
[重点用法]
as / so far as … be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言
be concerned about 关心
be concerned in sth. 牵涉到，与……有关，参与
 3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解决
1). The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。
2）Try your best to calm yourself down..
[重点用法]
settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在…定居

4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历
Do you suffer from headaches? 你常头痛吗?
suffer from 感到疼痛﹑不适﹑悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头:

5. disagree vt. 不同意disagree with sb 不同意某人的观点

. Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有时意见不一。

五.重点词组
1. add up 加起来
Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.
把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。
add (…) to ….把什么）加入…中 add up to …加起来是add to 增加
[练习] 用add的适当形式或构成的词组填空
1). Will you _____ some more students to this project?
2). Small numbers _____ a large one.
3). 50 _______ 50 equals 100.
答案: 1). add 2). add up to 3). added
 2.go through 经历；经受
[短语归纳]
go after追求，追赶go ahead前进；请说（做）吧
go by走过，（时间）过去 go along with向前，（与……）一起去
go in for爱好，从事 go out外出；（灯，火）熄灭
go over越过；复习 go up爬上，（价格等）上升
go home 回家 go to bed 上床睡觉
3.on purpose 故意，有目的地
[短语归纳]
do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企图、有目的地
4. get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展
1) He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him 他不是个随和的人，很难相处。
2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作进展如何？
[短语归纳]
get along/on well / badly with 与……相处得好/不好，……进展顺利/不顺利
get away离开，逃离 get down下来；写下，取下
get down to (doing)开始认真干…… get over克服，摆脱
get through通过，做完 get together聚集
5.     in order to… 为了……（可置于句首或句中）
She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 图的是得个好座位。
[短语归纳] so as to为了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）
in order that…以便（后跟句子） so that…以便（后跟句子）
6 share sth. with sb.Vt. 分享，分担
短语： E.g. She always shares happiness and worries with me.
7.No longer\not…any longer 不再
· If you are always dishonest, people will no longer believe you.
如果你老是言过其实，人们就不会相信你了。
8Get \be tired of 对…厌烦
be tired with 对…到疲倦
You may be tired with reading, but you should not be tired of it.
9should have done 本应该。。 shouldn’t have done
表示过去应该做某事而实际上没有做
E.g You should have come her five minutes ago.
E.g You shouldn’t have told him about this.
六.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on.
妈妈问她穿那么多衣服是不是很热。

[解释] with复合结构：
with + 宾语+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases
由“介词with+宾语+宾语补足语” 构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等，另外，该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况：
1) 如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的，构成主谓关系，即主动和进行，该分词用现在分词形式。
2) 如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系，即被动，该分词用过去分词形式。（被动）
3) 宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语，形容词或副词来充当,表状态
[典例]
1.with + 宾语 + 副词，如：
The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on
2.with + 宾语 + 介词短语，如：
The teacher came in with a book in his hand
3.with + 宾语 + 现在分词，如：
With the teacher standing beside ，she felt a bit uneasy.
4.with + 宾语 + 过去分词，如：
With the work done , she felt greatly relieved.
5.with + 宾语 + 不定式，如：
With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.

2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐……
[解释] as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为“像大多数人那么做”。
as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：
1). 引导状语从句，强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语的同时性，伴随着。。
As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.
随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。
2). 引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然，即使”（从句需倒装）
Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 尽管天气冷，我哥只穿了一件衬衫。
3). 引导方式状语从句，表示“以……方式”。
Why didn’t you take the medicine as I told you to? 为什么你没有按我说的服这药？
4). 引导原因状语从句 (=since; because)，“由于，因为”。
As you were not there, I left a message. 因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。
5) 引导比较状语从句。
She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高。
3. It is/was the…time that… …… 第几次……
[解释] that从句中的谓语动词一般用完成时态。
1). It is the first time that he has heard this song.

4 。I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事情都无比狂热。
句子结构： wonder ＋if I wonder if I can go at once .
so …that从句---如此…以至于I was so angry that I can say nothing.
5I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. (定语从句) 我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。
[模仿要点] 句子结构： It is/was a time when …There is /was a time when…曾经，一度
It was a time when I missed my hometown very much .
6 it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
句型 ：It is +强调部分+that
I like English very much at the beginning of this term.
(1)It is I that like English very much at the beginning of this term.
(2)It is English that I like very much at the beginning of this term.
(3)It is at the beginning of this term that I like English very much
英语单元练习一
一、.单项填空
1． --- Mary’s got crazy and has been sent to the mental hospital. Did you tell her boss about that?
--- Yes, but I _A____ her husband first.
A. should have told B. shouldn’t have told
C. must have told D. needn’t have told
2 There was ____A__ time _____ Chinese used foreign oil.
A. a; when B. a; while C. /; when D. /; while
3．It was because of bad weather _D_the football match had to be put off.
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
4.---Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it __Apurpose.
---That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _________ accident.
A. on; by B. by; by C. on; on D. by; on
5. What great trouble we had ___A__ where his house was.
A. in finding B. to find C. find D. found
6 Some students have trouble ____D_ grammar while others have difficulty______ new words.
A. in; remember B. for; to remember
C. on; remembering D. with; remembering
7．I cannot spend ____money on the car which is _A__expensive for me.
A. too much; much too B. far too; too much
C. much too; too much D. too many; much too
8．Acatch the first bus, he got up very early this morning.
A. In order to B. In order that C. So as to D. So that
9. There are altogether 6 people in the room, the baby__ C____.
A. include B. including C. included D. to include
10. The manager of the factory told us that very little ___C___ was made of the waste material in the past.
A. cost B. value C. use D. matter
11. There is no ____C__ swimming-pool in this school and the students often go to swim ______.
A. indoors; outdoors B. indoor; outdoor
C. indoor; outdoors D. indoor; indoors
12. It is the first time that I __B_____ this kind of moon cake.
A. enjoyed B. have enjoyed C. enjoy D. enjoying
13. When was it __D_your mother showed you around the West Lake ？
A. until B. if C. which D. that
14． In the reading room , we found her ___D____ at a desk, with her attention ______ on a book.
A. sitting; fixing B. to sit; fixed C. seating; fixingD. seated; fixed
15．I’m glad you’ve come; I am ___C____ telephoning you.
A. at the point of B. to the point of C. on the point of D. in the point of
二、翻译下面单词和短语
1 胆敢_________________ 11. 生气____________
1． 使平静_______________ 12. 关心___________________
2． 嘲笑_________________ 13. 记下___________________
3． 经历_________________ 14. 对…狂热_______________
4． 户外_________________ 15. 不睡觉 ________________
5． 根据_________________ 16. 碰巧 __________________
6． 一系列_______________ 17. 故意地 _______________
7． 感激_________________ 18. 面对面 ________________
8． 交流_________________ 19. 忽视 __________________
10．加起来_____________20. 放好___________________
三、完成句子
1．我听了老师的建议，买了一部英英词典。
___ I followed my teacher’s advice and boughtan English-English dictionary.
2．由于多年犯有心脏病，怀特教授无论到哪里都要随身带药。
Having suffered from heart trouble for years， Professor White must take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
3还有一次，就在几个月前的一天晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。
Another time some months ago, ___ I happened to be upstairs one eveningwhen the window was open.
4．妈妈问他穿这么多衣服是不是很热。
Mumaskedwhethershe was very hot __with so many clothes on
5．由于天气不好，走俏足球比赛不得不推迟。
___ It was because of the bad weather that the football match had to be postponed.
6．你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他，但是你得去上课。
You will tell your friend __. that you are concerned about her
but you have to go to class.
7. 不要嘲笑他，有时候你做得还不如他好。
_ Don't laugh at himSometimes you are not able to do as well as he (does).
8. 我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐。
I don’t want to ___set down a series of facts in a diary
as most people do.
五、句子翻译
1. 他们躲在那里差不多两年，从来不敢出来。(dare)
_____.They hid there for almost two years and never dared go out.

2．我们试图使他平静下来，但他仍不停地叫着。(calm down)
_________ We tried to calm him down, but he kept shouting.

3．在20世纪前，中国经历了太多的战争。(go through)
_____ In the early 20th century, China went through too many wars.

4．琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。(lonely: alone)
___ Mr Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.

5．我们通过网络互相交流。(communicate with)
___ We communicate with each other by Internet / through the Internet.
6．这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。(It is…that …
It was the first time in a year and half that I’d seen the night face to face.

一.单项填空
1-5 AADAA 6-10 DAACC 11-15 BBDDC
一。翻译下面单词和短语
1. dare 2. calm down 3. laugh at 4. go through 5. outdoors 6. according to
7 a series of 8 grateful 9. communicate 10. add to 11. upset 12. be concerned about
13. set down 14. be crazy about 15. stay awake 16. happen to 17. on purpose
18. face to face 20. put away
三。完成句子。
1. I followed my teacher’s advice and
2. Having suffered from heart trouble for years

3. I happened to be upstairs one evening
4. with so many clothes on
5. It was because of the bad weather
6. that you are concerned about her
7. Don't laugh at him
8. set down a series of facts in a diary
四。句子翻译
1.They hid there for almost two years and never dared go out.
2 We tried to calm him down, but he kept shouting.
3. In the early 20th century, China went through too many wars.
4 Mr Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.
5 We communicate with each other by Internet / through the Internet.
6. Your friend come to school very upset.
7. It was the first time in a year and half that I’d seen the night face to face.
8. Jews were caught by Nazis and put away.