八年级英语上册-Units-1-10单元知识点期末复习总结-(新版)人教新目标版.doc

Units 1-10单元知识点期末复习总结
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
1. go on vacation 度假　 vacation相当于holiday，但vacation表示长的假期。
2. visit museums 参观博物馆 3. go to summer camp去参观夏令营
4. something interesting有趣的东西
1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。
somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。
somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。
2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后； something special; somewhere wonderful.
3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：
Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗？
4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如：
Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）
6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth 如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books.
7. 提建议的句子： 8. ride bicycles 骑自行车
①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let’s + do sth. 如： Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
9. long time no see 好久不见 10 . most of the time 大多数时间
11. enjoyable activities 令人愉快的活动 12. try paragliding 尝试滑翔伞运动
13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 都是“到达“的意思
get to+地点=reach+地点= arrive at+地点（小）=arrive in+地点（大）
注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等，则不需要加介词。
14. nothing...but...意为“除......之外； 只有”，如：
I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看电视什么也没干。
15. feel like 意为：“感受到；摸起来”，后跟宾语从句或名词、动名词。如：
I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。 It feels like a stone. 它摸起来像一块石头。
feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事”。如：I feel like eating.我想吃东西。
16. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…;乐意做…
enjoy oneself 过得愉快 =have fun/have a good time.
17. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的
18.Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。
其他表示状态的系动词有：feel(觉得）; keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看来像...）;
smell（闻起来）sound（听起来……）taste（尝起来……）------后面接形容词
2） bored (adj)，意为“感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人；（人ed物ing）
boring(adj)，意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。 如：
I got bored with the boring work. 我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。
相类似的词语还有： interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised
surprised/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising
19. decide（v）决定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth.
decision(n) decide on doing sth. 决定做某事
如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
20. Because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
1） because of + 名词/代词/名短 I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因
because +　从句 如：I do it because I like it 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
21.　enough 足够的（名前形后）
如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。
She is not old enough to go to school. 她年龄不够，不能去上学。
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
2. ----How often do you usually go shopping? —Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候/一周两次.　
1) go shopping 意为“去购物”。Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动。如：
Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking
2)频率副词：always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never
(1).sometimes: 有时候；sometime：某时；some times：许多次/倍; some time: 一段时间
hard
(2). hardly(adv): 几乎不 硬的；困难的；严厉的；勤奋的 a hard writer
努力地； 猛烈地 study/rain hard
3）how often表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有：
频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never
how often 次数＋时间段: 如：once or twice a week
every ＋时间段: every day (每天) 区别：everyday（每天的；日常的）

注意：表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一个月一次)
而表示“三次或以上”时，则用“数词＋times”结构。如：five times a year (一年五次)
4） 由how构成的疑问词组的用法
“多少”
（1） how many+ 可数名词复数 如：how many programs
how much+不可数名词。 如：how much coffee
但how much=what’s the price of..? 还有“多少钱”的意思 如：How much are those pants?
2)how many times: “多少次”. 其答语表示次数。如：once ,twice，three times等
(3) How old...? 询问年龄 如：How old are you? I am five.
“how long…?”
(4) 多久(时间) 常用 for two days，for three hours等回答。
多长（某物的长度） 如：---How long is the river? --- 10 kms.
(5)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in two hours，in three days等。
如：How soon wil he come back？ In an hour。
3. “空闲的”：Are you free tonight? 4. at least 至少 at most 最多
be free “自由的”： a free country freedom(n) 5. stay up 熬夜
“免费的”： work for free. 6. junk food 垃圾食品
full
5. “满的；饱的” …be full of… : The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水
“忙的”=busy He had a full life
6．She says it’s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。
（1）be good for：“对……有好处”。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health.
（2）be good at：“擅长于……” 如：He is good at playing football.
(3) be good to sb./sth: “对……好” 如：The old woman is good to us.
(4) be good to do sth.: “适合；宜于” 如：The water is good to drink.
(5) be good with: “与……相处好” 如： The teacher is good with his students.
7．go online = use the Internet ：上网 8. Teenager magazine 青少年杂志
9. more than two hours=over two hours:超过 10. go to the dentist: 去看牙医
11. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康
12. ask sb. to do : 叫…做某事 Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.
ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫…不要做某事 Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.
ask sb. about sth. : 问某人某事 We asked our students about their free time activities.
ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求… 如：ask teacher for help
13. help sb. with sth. 如：They help me with this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。
help sb.（to）do. 如：They help you (to) solve this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。
14. (n) 惊讶: to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地
surprise be surprised at sth. 对… 感到意外
(v) 使惊奇、意外： be surprised to do sth. 惊讶做某事
be surprised that + 从句
如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news.
15. fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的学生 16. swing dance 摇摆舞
17. although(conj):“尽管；虽然”，表示转折关系，同义词有though, 不能与but同时使用。
如： Although they’re neighbors, they don’t play together.
　 = They’re neighbors, but they don’t play together. 尽管他们是邻居，但是他们不在一起玩。
18. maybe (adv): 也许，大概 (Maybe) he (maybe) knows it.
May + v(原)：也许，大概 He may know it.
如：Maybe he is at home.= He maybe is at home.= He may be at home.
19. Old habits die hard. 恶习难改. die(v):死亡；消失 death(n): 死亡；
dead(adj): 死的； dying(adj): 垂死的；临终的；（植）枯萎的 dying wish----遗言
20.Here are the results 以下是结果。
21. Most students use it for fun and not for homework.
22. You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.
spend
度过（时间） 如：spend the weekend with family
花费（时间、钱） 如：He spent 20 yuan (in) buying the magazine.（V-ing)
同义句：He spent 20 yuan on the magazine.
He paid 20 yuan for the magazine.
It took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine.（动词用不定式）
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister
1. 事实上；实际上 in fact 2. 唱歌比赛 the singing competition
3 头发更短的那个 the one with shorter hair 4. 真正关心我 truly care about me
5. 只要；既然 …as long as… (像…一样长) 6. 一…就… … as soon as… ( 尽快…)
7. 分享一切 share everything 8. 与…不同 /有差异 be different from
9.与…一致/相同 be the same as… 10. 与… 相似的/类似的 be similar to…
11.摔断胳膊 break the arm 12. 小学 primary school
13.打电话询问更多信息 call for more information 14. 取得更好的成绩 get better grades
15. 形容词和副词的比较级
一、含义
1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级: good – better - best
2. 比较级：表示两者(人或物)之间的比较。
3. 加more/most ~的情况：部分双音节和多音节词
4. 双写的词：一个大热天，一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服，汗湿了，很伤心。
big hot fat thin red wet sad
二．比较级基本句型：
↗连系动词+ adj.（比） 如： Lucy is slower than Lily.
1．主语+谓语动词+adj./adv（比）+ than+ 对比成分
↘实义动词+ adv./ （比） 如：Lucy runs more slowly than Lily.
2. 主语必须与对比成分保持一致：Her hair is longer than yours.(→your hair)
同级比较
3． …as+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: “如同…一样…”
否定：… not as/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: “不如……一样……”
4．比较级＋and＋比较级：越来越…… e.g. They talked more and more loudly.
5. The比较级…,the＋比较级…：越…就越… The more exercise you do, the stronger you’ll be.
6. “Which / Who is + 比较级， A or B？” e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?
7. the+比较级+of the（ two ） : 两者中较…的一个
Of the twins, she was the more hard-working .
8. 常用the one代单数可数名词,the ones /those 代替复数名词,that 代替不可数名词.
e.g. The book here is newer than the one on the desk．
The apples on the tree are fresher than those/the ones in the box.
The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing.
9. 比较级前可用“数词+名词” 表示确定的度量。
e.g. I am (5 years) older than him．The room is (3 times) as large as that one.
注意： 1. 原级常与very, as，so, too, quite，pretty, really等连用。
2. 比较级常与much, even, far, than, a little, a bit, a lot 等连用.
3. Than 后的比较状语结构: e.g. He runs faster than me/ I (do).
16. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 然而，你能看得出丽莎真的想赢。
17. I think friends are like books--- you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good.
我认为朋友就像书---你不需要很多，只要好 就行。
look like : 看起来像（外貌） She is pretty tall.
be like: 像（性格，外貌） He is outgoing/ serious.
18. My best friend helps to brings out the best in me. 我最好的朋友帮我激发出我最好的品质.
使显现；使表现出： The dress brings out the color of her skin.
bring out 生产；出版： The factory brings out a new kind of car.
bring out the best/worst in sb. 激发出某人最好/最差的品质.
19. I know she cares about me because she’s always there to listen (to me).
我知道她关心我，因为她随时都能够听我倾诉。
(n) 小心；谨慎 Take care! 当心/保重 Cross the road with care.
1). care 介意；在乎（=mind） I don’t care what happens.
(v) care about: 关心；在意 如：He doesn’t care about anything people say.
care for 关心；照顾 = take care of或look after
喜欢；想要（否或疑） 如：Would you care for a cup of coffee?
be there
2). for sb. 随叫随到；不离左右 如：Parents are always there for children.
to do sth. 随时准备帮助 如：She is there to work out the problem.
20. I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different. if: 是否； 如果
我真的不介意是否我的朋友与我一样还是不同。
21．They both like sports. 他们俩都喜欢运动。（both：两个都；用在实动之前，其它动词之后）
You are both too young. They both speak English.
Both of …..+名词复数 如： Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很漂亮。
both…and…两者都…… 反义词组：neither…nor…两者都不……
注意：all：都（三者或三者以上）; either:两者中任一个；every：每个（三者或三者以上）
21. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
一个真正的朋友（在你需要帮助的时候）向你伸出手，触动你的心弦
23. She made me laugh and feel better. ( laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑某人)
make/let /have sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事
make+宾语+形容词: 使某人/某事怎样 如： His words make us happy. 2).
24. It’s not easy for me to make friends. (make friends with sb. 与...交朋友)
It’s+形容词+ for sb to do sth.: 某人做某事怎么样. (It是形式主语，to do sth.是真正主语)
25. The most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.
最重要的事情是学习新的东西和过的开心。
26. That’s why I like reading books and I study harder in class.
那是我喜欢读书和在班上更努力学习的原因。
Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater?
1.the best movie theater 最好的电影院 2.the biggest screens 最大的荧屏
3. the best sound 最好的音响 4. all kinds of… 各种各样的
5.the shortest waiting time 最短的等待时间 6. three meals a day 一日三餐
7.the most comfortable seats 最舒服的座位 take a seat 就坐
8.buy clothes the most cheaply买衣服最便宜 9. the worst service最差的服务
10. buy tickets the most quickly 买票最快 11. know the way around 熟悉周围的路
12. choose songs the most carefully选择歌曲最仔细 13. the street performers 街头表演者
14. the most exciting magicians最令人兴奋的魔术师 15. take…seriously认真对待…
16. the most creative talent show最有创意的才艺表演 17.and so on 等等
18. sing the most beautifully 唱得最动听 19. pretty loud 相当响亮
20．Welcome to the neighborhood! 欢迎来到社区！ welcome to sp. 欢迎到…
形容词和副词的最高级
一、含义
1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级: badly – worse - worst
2. 最高级：表示三者或三者以上(人或物)之间的比较。（最高级前勿忘the）
二．最高级基本句型结构
↗ 系动词+ the+adj.(最) of + 同类 ( of all/us..)
1. 主语 + 谓语动词 + the + adj./adv.(最) +
↘ 实义动词+ (the)+ adv.(最） in + 范围 (in China...)
如：Tara is the youngest of all. Linda draws (the) most carefully in her class.
注：1. 副词的最高级前可省略 “the”： 如：sit (the) most comfortably 坐得最舒适
2. 最高级前有其它的限定词时，不加“the”： my best friend
2. Which / Who …+the + 最高级…, A, B or C ?
e.g. Which do you like (the) best, apples, pears or oranges?
3. one of +the +最高级（形）+名（复）： “最…之一”。
e.g. Jack Chen is one of the most famous actors in the world.
4. the + 序数词+最高级（形）+名（单）：e.g. Hainan is the second largest island in China.
5. This is the +最高级（形）+名（单）+ that 从句：
e.g. This is the worst movie that I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最糟糕的电影。
6. a+最高级（形）+名（单） : 表示“非常”。 e.g. Spring is a best season.
三．原级、比较级、最高级的相互转换
1、原级与比较级的转换：比较级+than → not...as/so...as...
e.g. He speaks more loudly than me. → I don’t speak as/so loudly as he/him.
2、比较级与最高级的转换： the other +名（复）
（在范围之内） the+最高级 → 比较级+than+ any other+名（单）
e.g. Jim is the tallest student in our class.
Jim is taller than any other student in our class.
Jim is taller than the other students in our class.
21. That’s up to you to decide. 那由你决定。 be up to sb.( to decide.) 由某人决定
be up to (doing) sth. 胜任；适合 如：He isn’t up to watching the flowers.
What’up?= What’ wrong?= What’s the matter? 怎么哪？
what’s more: 另外；还有 ；再者 what’s worse: 更糟糕的是
22．How do you like the neighbor hood so far? so far: 迄今为止；到现在为止
同义句：1. How is the neighborhood? 2. What do you think of the neighborhood?
3. How do you feel about the neighborhood?
23. Thanks for telling me. thanks(n):感谢 如：many thanks = Thank you very much.
thanks for (doing) sth. = thank sb. for (doing) sth. 感谢某人做某事
24．No problem. 1). 不客气；（回答感谢） 2）、没关系（回答道歉）3). 没问题（回答请求）
25．---How far is it from your home to the school? ---- 10 minutes by bus. 乘车十分钟的路程。
watch/see/hear/feel/find/notice(注意) + sb.
26．It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents. 看其他人展示他们的才艺总是有趣的。
do sth. ( 经常或已发生)
doing sth. ( 某次或正在发生)
如：I often hear her sing. (经常) I saw her come into the classroom. (已发生)
I saw them playing basketball yesterday. ( 某次或正在发生)
27. 全世界： around the world = in the world = all over the world.
28. All these shows have one thing in common. 所有的这些节目都有一个共同之处。
29. The cinema is the closest to my home. 电影院离我家最近。

30．When people watch the show, they usually play a role in dec