新目标英语初三英语Unit7-Unit12知识点归纳精萃.doc

Unit 7
1.be able to 能够
am\is\are able to do sth
was\were able to
will be able to
have been able to
(can\could)
2. work on 从事，继续工作
work at
3That’s a funny idea 那真是有趣的主意
4 get\ask\tell sb to do sth 让某人做某事
let \have \make sb do sth
5 own sth\have sth 拥有某物
owner 主人
would most like to own(=have)sth.最想拥有
6. .the third most useful invention第三件最有用的发明

7.be always doing sth总是做…
8.try out试验，尝试
9.be in (=at)school求学，上学
10.so many strange questions 多么奇怪的问题
11.have nothing/anything/little to do with…与…有/没有/有什么/几乎没有关系
12.teach him to read and write教他读写
13. find sb to be a …. 发现某人是….
14.become interested in…(动作)=be interesting in(状态) 对…感兴趣
15.at the age of 在…岁时
16.start/begin doing sth.=start/begin to do sth.开始做某事
17.no matter how 不管多么
18.not…any more(=longer)=no more(=longer)
不再
19.make a strange noise发出奇怪的声音
20.so+形/副+that+从句如此…以致
such….that…
21.too+形/副+to do sth.去…而不能=not+形/副+ enough to do sth.
22. frightened\ afraid
24. carry sth./sb. to sw./sb.把某物/某人带到某25.rush out 冲出去
26.become good at(动作)=be good at(状态)擅长
27.with the money用这些钱
处/带给某人
28.a new start in life生活的新起点
26. open up打开，张开
27. during(=in)one’s life在某人的一生中
28. think much(=a lot)of sb.高度评价某人
29.as much as he could(=possible)进可能多
30.tell/ask/want(would like)/like/teach/…sb.to do sth.告诉/请求/想要/喜欢/教/…某人做某事
31.turn down/up/on/off调低/开大/打开/关掉
32.want(=wouldlike/love)/ask/like/love/get/
hope/wish/plan/decide/need/learn/try/agree/
choose/remember/forget/manage/…to do sth.想/请求/喜欢/对…逐渐/希望/渴望/计划/需要/决定/学习/努力/同意/选择/记住/忘记/设法/…做某事
33speak quickly\slowly\quietly\louder
34improve oneself in
35.Is Tina there?(打电话用语)你是Tina吗？
36.use one’s own使用某人自己的
37.It’s not a very good line.=The line isn’t very good.路线不太好
38.Tomorrow if possible.如果可能就明天吧
39.be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
40.at times=sometimes 有时
41.have confidence in sb.信任某人
42.feel like doing sth.想做某事
43.see sb. doing sth.看见某人做某事

语法——动词不定式（一）
1． 结构
肯定形式 ---to do
否定形式----not to do
2． 用法
1） 宾语 V+ to do
want \ would like
hope \ wish
plan
need
decide
ask
try
learn
afford
offer
used
fail
agree
like to do\doing
forget\remember to do\doing
stop to do \doing
begin\start
be afraid todo
be sorry to do
be glad to do
be able to do

2） 宾语补足语
*V+ sb+ to do
ask
want\would like
tell
wish
get
teach
warn
encourage
invite
*V+sb+do sth
let\make\have
see \watch\hear\feel\find
*V+sb+(to) do
help sb( to) do

3） 状语（目的、结果、原因）
He ran to welcome us.
She came here to see her uncle.
I’m glad to see you.
I’m sorry to hear that.
This room is too small to live in
副词的构成
adj+ly—adv
quick slow
neat healthy
quiet angry
beautiful easy
safe
loud well
nice hard
early
late
Unit8
1.at Christmas time在圣诞节期间(比较:on Christmas Day在圣诞节)
during the Christmas season
2.be out of China 离开中国
3.decorate the tree装饰那棵树
4.on Christmas Eve在圣诞节夕夜
5.put up挂起，举起
6.sound like 听起来(look\taste\smell\feel)like
sound\look\taste\smell\feel+adj (连系动词)
7.at the top of 在…的顶端(比较:on (the) top of
在…的上面
8.What do you mean by…？你说的话是什么意思=What does…mean?=What’s the meaning of…?
9circle…around
10.get together 团聚
11.at the end of在…末
12.from house to house(from door to door)
from one house to another挨家挨户
13.as well也，又，同样的
14. kind-hearted\warn-hearted\cold-hearted
16 land on
17 a single night\only one night
18.fill B with A用A装满B
be filled with （被装满。。。）
be full of
19.base on (为)根据\be based on
20.in history
21.even though\if 即使…
22.a man named/called…一个叫..的人
23.go/walk into进入/走进
24.climb down\along the chimney爬下
25.the poor穷人(类似:the rich/young/old/…富人年轻人/老人)
26.live on继续存活，活着
27.can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
29.wake up醒来，弄醒
30.have a delicious breakfast吃一顿可口的早餐
31.visit their relatives and friends探访亲友
32.Father Christmas\Santa Clause圣诞老人
33.Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐！
34.Christmas lights/present/songs/trees圣诞灯/礼物/歌/树
spend ….(in) doing sth
35.greet each other with a hug\smile用拥抱\微笑问候彼此
36.the Christmas play圣诞表演
37.celebrate Christmas庆祝圣诞
38.in different ways用不同的方法
39.have a lot interesting things to do有许多有趣的事情要/去做
40.at that time 那时
42.tell sb. of(=about)… 告诉某人…
43.at last=finally最后
44.save his people拯救人类(类似:save one’s life就某人的命)
45.once upon a time 从前
46.the same thing同一件事
47.a long journey长途跋涉
48.have sth. to tell sb.有事相告
49.give birth to sb.生孩子
50.years later=after several years几年后
语法——不定式二
用法：
1． 做主语——谓语用单数
To learn English well is very important.
To swim is good for our health.
2． 做定语——后置
I have a lot of homework to do .
There is something good to eat.
3． wh- + to do
I don’t know what I can do.

Please tell me how I can get to the station.

Jim told Lin Tao what he’ll listen to.

Can you tell me whom I can go with.

I can’t decide which one I can buy.

Unit9
1.be made of+材料(在某物中可看得见材料) be made from+材料 (在某物中看不到材料，即发生了化学变化)
be made in+地点 在某地制造
be made by+动作发出者 由谁制造
2.send(=post)a letter 寄信
3.keep warm 保暖
4.be used fordoing/to do sth…用于…
be used as…做为…使用
be used by sb… 被…使用)
5. a writing brush毛笔
6.small groups of people小群体的人
7.the largest number of people最大数量的人
8.a TV set一台电视机
9in the world在世界上
around the world环绕地球
all over the world全世界
10.none of……中一个也没有
11.made in Germany
German ( Germans )
12. in the modern world
13. business between different countries
14.buy sth. from sb./sw. 从某人/某处买某物
15.sell sth. to sb.卖给某人某物
16.It is because… 这是因为….
This is why…这/那就是为什么
17.the back of… 在…后面
18.business letters 商务信函
19.something else别的事
20.make telephone calls to sb电话
21.half(=one second)ofthe world’s telephone calls世界二分之一的电话
22.three quarters(==three fourths)of the world’s books and newspapers世界四分之三的书籍
23 分数的表达：
1) 分子（基数词）
分母（序数词）
Eg. One third 1/2
One sixth 1/6
One fifth 1/5
2）当分子大于1时，分母要变为复数
Eg. Two thirds 2/3
Three fifths 3/5
3）特殊形式
Half 1/2 a quarter 1/4
three quarters 3/4
24.a digital camera数码相机
an ordinary camera
25.East China 华东(比较:the east of China中国东部 类似:South China华南 the south of China中国南部North China华南 the north of China 中国北部)
26.I’ll take this one 我就买这件
27.more and more越来越多
28.be able to/can afford sth.担负起某物的费用，买得起某物
Unit10
1.a visit to sw.参观某地
2.the biggest science museum 最大的科学博物馆
3.in town /in the city/in the country在镇上
4.huandreds of 数以百计
thousands of上千的
millions of 数百万的
billions of 十几亿的
5.the way to… 去…的路
6.have a look看一看
7.human beings人类
human ( 复数humans)
man (表示人类只用于单数)
8.the Museum of Natural History
the Natural History Museum自然历史博物馆
9.in the 1920s 在二十世纪二十年代
in the +年代复数/”s
in the 1850s 19世纪50年代
in the 2020’s 21世纪20年代
10.in the Gebi Desert戈壁滩
11.on show=on display陈列，展览
12.That’s a pity!=What a pity!多么遗憾
13.long before在…之前很久
(比较:before long不久以后，很快)
14.be covered with…被…覆盖
15.in the future将来
16.on (the)earth 在世界上
17.be founded成立，建立
find found found 找到
found founded founded建立
18.look up the word in the dictionary查字典
19be filled with…=be full of…装满，充满，
20.keep+n.+adj. Keep your eyes safe保护眼睛安全（比较:keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事）
21.the PRC中华人民共和国
the PLA中国人民解放军
the Party 中国共产党.
the League中国共青团
22.NO PARKING/smoking/spittingphotos禁止停车…..
23.BUSINESS HOURS营业时间
24.OPEN 开
25.ENTRANCE入口
26.EXIT出口
27.FRAGILE易碎

28.PUSH推
29.PULL拉
30.DANGER危险
31.PLAY播放
32.STOP停止
33.PAUSE暂停
34.ON开
35.OFF关
36.THIS SIDE UP 向上
37. in the old days 在古代(比较:in these days如今)
38.use…for sth./doing sth.使用…作为
39.break down坏了，出毛病
40.learn about(=of)学习与…有关的事情
41.know about(=of)听说，知道
42.serve wine 上酒
43.be mentioned提及
44.a cup with three legs一只三脚的杯子

语法——被动语态( 常用于及物动词)
1.结构：be+PP
2.类型：

一般现在时： is/ am/are +PP
一般过去时： was /were +PP
情态动词： can/may/should....be +PP
现在完成时： have been + PP
一般将来时： will be + PP
3．主动语态与被动语态的转换
1）主动语态的宾语是被动语态的主语
2）判别时态，确定谓语的结构
3）在被动语态中用by引导动作的执行eg. Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people

4．被动语态特殊情况：
1）不及物动词没有被动语态
The accident happened yesterday.
2) 使役动词( make / let /have)
感官动词( see / watch/ hear…)
改为被动语态时 要+ to
We often hear him sing in the room.

He made the baby stop crying.

The man let the worker work all day.

The teacher saw him playing football just now.

3) 带双宾语的动词，当直接宾语作主语时。间接宾语之前要加上to/for
give/show/pass/ sb sth------ to
buy/ make sb sth------for
He gave me some money.

His father bought him a bike

4)动词短语变为被动时，介词、副词不能丢
We can look up the word in the dictionary.

She looks after her grandmother every day.

5) who…? 改为被动
Eg. Who mended the bike?
Who was the bike mened by?
By whom was the bike mended?
6) 常用被动语态的短语
be used for doing /to do
be used as
be used by sb
be made in/ of / from /by
be filled with
be covered with
Unit 11
1.in one’s old clothes穿着旧衣服
wear+衣服鞋袜

put on+衣服鞋袜
dress sb in
be dressed in+衣服鞋袜
2.Tree Planting Day植树节
3.It’s best to do sth.干某事最好
4.knock A into B把A插/敲进B里面
5.large enough 足够大
6.make sure确保，确认，查明
7.next to紧挨着
8.so that 以便，以致
eg.He got up early so that he could catch the bus./She works hard so that she can pass the exam.
9tie A to次B把A和B系在一起
10.the best time to do sth./for doing sth.做某事的最好的时间
17.the Great Green Wall绿色长城
12.a young forest一片幼林
13.It’s hard work.她是一项艰巨的工作
14.rich farmland肥袄的田地
15.keep/stop/prevent…from doing sth.阻止…做某事
16.the northern part of…=the north of… …的北部
17.run away流失，逃跑，逃走
18.wash away冲走
19.blow away吹走，刮走
20.in this way用这种办法
21.the more, the better越多越好，多多益善
22.millions of数百万的
23.many thousands of大量的
24….kilometer(s)/metre(s)long/wide/high/tall/deep/away…千米/米长/宽/靠/深/远
27.hear of听说
28.point to/at… 指向…
29.far away遥远
25.in a few years’/months’ time=
in a few years/months 几年/几月后
26.thanks to=because of由于，幸亏(注

意:thanks of... 感谢…)
27.hand in 上缴
28.in and out of class课堂内外
29.at the right time 在合适的时候
30.half a meter半米
31.more or less多少有点，或多或少
32.fill B with A 用A将B填/装满
33.twenty more tree另外20棵树
34.have a drink(of…) 喝点（…）
35.children under 1.2min height/tall身高1.2米以下的儿童
36.keep off使离开，不接近
37.Notice to the Audience观众/听众须知

Unit12
1.send sb. an email给某人发一封邮件
2.make my own computer组装我自己的电脑
3.check one’s email查看电子邮箱
4.It’s doesn’t work.=It’s broken.它坏了
5.That’s good news.是个好消息
6.a computer fun一个电脑迷
7.There’s something wrong with…=sth. is wrong with……有点毛病
9.different parts of……的不同部分
10.connect A to B把A连接到B
11.point at指示，指向
12.put A into B把A放进B
14.travel/go/move/turn round/around … 绕..转/运行
15.in space在太空(类似:in the sky在天空中in the sun在阳光中)
16.do /have sports运动
17.spaceships without people 无人宇宙飞船
18.send and receive messages发射和接收信息
19.send up 发射，把…往上送 (注意:send away开除，撵走 send for派人去请 send sth. to…把某物送往…send a letter 寄信)
20.with one’s help=with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下
21.the other side of…在…的另一边
22.understand each other相互了解(类似:know/love /write to=hear from/help/…each other相互了解/相爱/通信/互相帮助/…)
23.our knowledge of the universe 我们的宇宙知识
24.people from different countries不同国家的人民
25.all the time=always一直
26.TV and radio programmes电视和收音节目
27.how far away=how far多远
28. …kilometers away from sw.离某地…公里远
29.shut down 把…关上
30.Nothing in the world is possible if you set your mind to do it.世上无难事，只怕有心人（有志者，事竟成）
31.set one’s mind to do… 一心想做…
32.Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事，今日毕
33.play computer games玩电脑游戏
34.The early bird catches the worm.笨鸟先飞/捷足先登/先到灶头先吃
35.It’s better late than never.迟干总比不干好/迟到总比不到强
36.put off推迟，拖延
37.waste paper废纸
38.in kilometers以公里为单位
39.in order依次
40.the most interesting最有趣
41.the least interesting最没趣
42.work around the house家务
43listen to music/radio听音乐/收音机
44.a list of…一系列…
45.on a screen在屏幕上
46.be on上演，上映
47.What activities do you like most?=Which is your favourite activity?哪一项活动你最喜欢？