英语中考六种时态精讲加真题解析.doc

高频考向一　一般现在时
1．一般现在时的构成
—般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后面加­s或­es。
2．一般现在时的用法
①表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。经常与often，usually，every day，always，sometimes，twice a week，on Sunday等表时间的单词或短语连用。如：
Most of the students in our class usually go to school by bike.我们班里大部分学生通常骑自行车去上学。
I practice playing football every day.我每天练习踢足球。
②表示普遍真理或客观事实。如：
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
③在条件状语从句与时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。如：
If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we will go for a picnic.
如果明天不下雨，我们将去野餐。
【例1】 —Do you know whether David will go cycling or not tomorrow？(2013，泰安)
—David？Never！He______outdoor activities.
A．hates B．hated
C．is hating D．has hated
解析：根据语境可知此处句意为“他不喜欢户外运动”这是描述个人喜好的句子，应使用一般现在时。
答案：__A__
【例2】 —What does Tom's uncle do?
—He is a teacher.He______physics at a school now.(2013，武汉)
A．will teach B．has taught
C．teaches D．taught
解析：根据语境可知“他现在在一所学校教物理”，表示目前的情况，故用一般现在时。
答案：__C__．
高频考向二　一般过去时

1．一般过去时的构成
一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。特别注意：不规则动词的过去式。
2．一般过去时的用法
①表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last Sunday，in 2010，just now，the other day，the next day，three days ago等。如：
I met him in the street yesterday.我昨天在街上见到了他。
②表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。如：
He often went to work by bus last year.去年他经常坐公共汽车去上班。
【例3】After Steven sent some e­mails，he______surfing the Internet.(2014，杭州)
A．starts B．has started
C．will start D．started
解析：由前半句中sent可知，应用一般过去时。
答案：__D__．
【例4】 —Excuse me，look at the sign NO PHOTOS!
—Sorry，I______it.(2013，呼与浩特)
A．don't see B．didn't see
C．haven't seen D．won't see
解析：根据句意“对不起，请看‘禁止拍照’的标牌！”“对不起，我没看见它。”可以判断“刚才没有看见”，必须用一般过去时。
答案：__B__．
高频考向三　现在进行时
1．现在进行时的构成
现在进行时的构成为：be＋动词的现在分词
特别注意：现在分词的构成形式
2．现在进行时的用法
①表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。如：
—What is he doing？他正在干什么？
—He is watching TV.他正在看电视。
②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。(说话时不一定正在做)如：
They are picking apples on a farm these days.这些天他们一直在农场摘苹果。
③go，come，leave，arrive等表示位置移动的词通常用现在进行时表示将来。如：
He is leaving for Japan tomorrow.他明天要前往日本。
④现在进行时常用的时间状语：now，all the time，
these days，this year，at the moment等。
【例5】 —Are your parents at home，Jane？(2013，济南)
—No，they______taking a walk in the park.
A．do B．are C．will D．have

解析：现在进行时的结构为“be＋现在分词”，该处缺少be动词。
答案：__B__．
【例6】 Be quiet！The other students______．
A．sleep B．slept
C．are sleeping D．sleeping
解析：根据语境可知句意“保持安静，其他学生正在睡觉”，故应用现在进行时。
答案：__C__．
高频考向四　过去进行时
1．过去进行时的构成
过去进行时的构成为：was/were＋动词的现在分词
2．过去进行时的用法
①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。如：
—What were you doing at this time yesterday？昨天这个时候你在干什么？
—I was doing my homework.我正在做我的家庭作业。
We were reading when the teacher came in.当教师进来时我们正在读书。
②表示两个过去的动作同时进行，可以用while来连接。如：
I was watching TV while my mother was cooking.我在看电视，而我的妈妈正在做饭。
③过去进行时常用的时间状语：at that time，at nine yesterday，those days，when/while引导的时间状语从句等。

【例7】—I called you at 8：00 yesterday evening，but no one answered.(2014，赤峰)
—Sorry.I______clothes for my parents at that time.
A．wash B．washed
C．am washing D．was washing
解析：由时间状语“at that time”可知，应用过去进行时。
答案：__D__．
【例8】 I didn't hear the phone because my father______TV then.(2013，潍坊)
A．is watching B．was watching
C．watches D．watched
解析：主句I didn't hear the phone为一般过去时，所以原因状语从句不可能是现在进行时或一般现在时。由标志词then可知，应用过去进行时状态。
答案：__B__．
高频考向五　一般将来时
1．一般将来时的构成
—般将来时的构成为：助动词will/shall＋动词原形；
be going to ＋动词原形
2．一般将来时的用法
①表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。其构成是will＋动词原形。当主语是第一人称I/we时，助动词也可用shall。如：
He will be back in two days.他将两天后回来。
Lucy will go to visit her uncle tomorrow.明天露茜将要去看望她的叔叔。
We shall go to see you next Sunday.下个星期天我们将去看你。
②表示计划、打算、决定要做的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。一般情况下用“be going to＋动词原形”结构。如：
—What are you going to do this Sunday？这个星期天你打算干什么？
—I'm going to practice English.我打算练习英语。
Look at the clouds.It is going to rain.看那些乌云，天要下雨了。
③一般将来时常用的时间状语：tomorrow，next week，next year，in two days，in the future，from now on，soon等表示将来的时间状语。
【例9】 We have no more vegetables in the fridge.I______and buy some.(2013，河北)
A．go B．went
C．will go D．was going
解析：根据前句“我们冰箱里没有蔬菜了”可知后句句意为“我将要去买些”。故此处应用一般将来时态。
答案C__．
【例10】 —Have you ever been to the Great Wall?
—Not yet.I______it this year.(2014，台州)
A．visited B．have visited
C．was visiting D．will visit
解析：由答句前半句“还没有去”可知，后半句句意为“我将今年去参观它”。故应用一般将来时态。
答案：__D__．
高频考向六　现在完成时
1．现在完成时的构成
现在完成时的构成为：助动词have/has＋动词的过去分词
2．现在完成时的用法
①表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。如：
—Have you had your lunch yet？你吃过午饭了吗？
—Yes，I have.I've just had it.是的，我刚吃过。(现在不饿了)
②表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可能还要持续下去，常与for或since连用。表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。如：
He has lived here since 1999.自从1999年以来，他就住在这儿。
I have learnt English for ten years.我学习英语有10年了。
注意：非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。必须把非延续性动词改为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语，这时可与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的非延续性动词通常作如下变换：come→be in，leave→be away，buy→have，borrow→keep，die→be dead，begin→be on，close→be closed，open→be open，join→be in/be a member of，go/come there→be there，get married→be married，catch a cold→have a cold，return→be back，fall ill→be ill，become→be，has gone to→has been in等。如：
误：I have bought this computer for two years.
正：I have had this computer for two years.
我买这台电脑有两年了。
③与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already，yet，just，ever，never，before，so far，these days，in/during the past few years，for＋一段时间，since＋过去的时间点，since＋一般过去时的从句等。
【例11】—Dave，we will leave in 10 minutes.Are you ready?
—No，I______our guide book and towels yet.(2013，玉林)
A．don't pack B．didn't pack
C．have packed D．haven't packed
解析：根据no可知，还没有准备好，排除C；根据句意“Dave，我们将10分钟后出发。你准备好了吗？”可知从过去到现在还没准备好，是对现在的一种影响，由标志词yet可知，应用现在完成时。
答案：__D__．
【例12】 His grandma has______for 5 years.(2014，衡阳)
A．died B．been died
C．been dead
解析：由句中时间状语“for 5 years”可知，本题应用现在完成时且动词应用延续性动词。
答案：__C__．
一、单项选择。
1．Look，the set of keys __C__ on the teacher's desk.(2014，安顺)
A．are B．were C．is D．was
2．My husband always __B__ me flowers every week before we got married but now he never ______．(2014，呼与浩特)
A．sends；does B．sent；does
C．was going to send；do D．sent；do
3．I saw Ken in the meeting room，he __D__ Joe for the school magazine.(2014，河北)
A．interviews B．interviewed
C．has interviewed D．was interviewing
4．—You're in a hurry.Where are you going？(2014，江西)
—To the cinema.Sue __C__ for me outside.
A．waits B．waited
C．is waiting D．was waiting
5．—Do you think grandpa and grandma __B__ late?
—No，the train is usually on time.(2014，苏州)
A．were B．will be
C．was D．have been
6．—The Amazing Spider Man 2 is on these days.It's fantastic.
—Really？But I __C__ it yet.(2014，湖州)
A．didn't see B．won't see
C．haven't seen D．am not seeing
7．—Jim isn't in the classroom.Where is he now?
—He __C__ the library.(2014，滨州)
A．will go to B．has been to
C．has gone to D．goes to
8．The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors __C__ smaller and smaller.
A．become B．are becoming
C．is becoming D．have become
9．—So you have watched the action movie，haven't you?
—Yes.I __B__ it with my parents in Lu Xun Theatre.(2014，绍兴)
A．watch B．watched
C．will watch D．am watching
10．—Can you find our city __A__ a lot in recent years？(2014，泰安)
—Yes.The road is wider and the buildings are taller.
A．has changed B．changes
C．changed D．will change
11．—Why are you in such a hurry，Mike?
—There __B__ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.(2014，安顺)
A．will have B．will be
C．is going to have D．are going to be
12．—I suppose you are at least 60 years old.
—Thank you.I'm glad you __B__ that.My real age is 362.(2014，黄冈)
A．say B．said
C．are saying D．were saying
13．My sister __B__ the Youth League for more than two years.(2014，齐齐哈尔)
A．has taken part in B．has been in
C．has joined in D．has joined
14．Alice likes doing housework.She __A__ her room every afternoon.(2014，温州)
A．cleans B．cleaned
C．is cleaning D．has cleaned
15．Robots __A__ more heavy work for us in the future.(2014，天津)
A．will do B．did
C．have done D．were doing
16．—Where is your father？(2014，重庆)
—He __A__ the World Cup in the living room.
A．is watching B．watches
C．watched D．will watch
17．The teacher is already standing here.Do you know when she __B__？(2014，河北)
A．comes B．came
C．is coming D．was coming
18．—Has your friend completed his design?
—Not yet.He __D__ on it last night.(2014，扬州)
A．worked B．has worked
C．is working D．was working
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