高中英语短文改错之名词错误.docx

名词错误
一、可数名词应采用复数形式，却使用了单数形式
1、解题要点：名词前有修饰可数名词复数的的形容词、数词或者短语（如many,several, two,one and a half，a few，couple of, all kinds/sorts/varieties of），可数名词须用复数。
1.Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day!
（return改为 returns，many happy returns of the day！ 为祝贺生日的惯用表达）
2.The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.
(dish改为dishes,因several后要用可数名词的复数形式)
3.Unfortunately, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week.
4.But one and a half year later, I now think English fun to learn.
5.I stayed here for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all right.
6.We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.
7.My brother was so much fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying another couple of day.
8.As everyone knows. it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animal.

２、解题要点：句中的其他一些词（代词all、their，副词often、形容词busy、介词短语one of等）暗示可数名词须用复数。
1.they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.
2.We practise for three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.

3.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success, but it didn’t matter that I would win or not.
4.On the way I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful
5.Their word were a great encouragement to me.
6.Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become stranger at once.
7.It will be lots of fun for practicing out in the playground in the afternoon with the tree around us all red and yellow and everybody laughing and shout.
8.One of my unforgettable memory of my school in Xinjiang is that of lunches we brought from our homes.
9Christie was one of my best friend at high school.

３、解题要点：联系上下文，从逻辑上推断可数名词须用复数。如人有两个肩膀，动物有许多种等。
1.We, as well as animal, cannot live without water and neither agriculture or industry can go without it.
2.He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.
3.When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits．

４、解题要点：部分固定搭配中的名词须用复数形式。如
1.I’d like to staying there for half a month, visiting place of interest or practicing my English as well.
(places of interest“名胜”)
2.Thank to her help, I made great progress in my study.
（thans to“多亏了，由于”）
3.He is on good term with me.
(be on good terms with sb与……关系良好 ).
二、不可数名词或者应用单数名词，却使用了复数形式
1.解题要点：常见的不可数名词“十大金刚”是：news，information，work ( 工作 ),advice, progress, weather, fun, luck, music ,health。此外：change（零钱），baggage，luggage（行李） equipment ,furniture ,jewellery，,knowledge等。
He agreed to reading my story and give me some advices on how to write like a real writer. 
2.解题要点：一些固定搭配，只用可数名词的单数形式，不用复数。
1.They did not want me to do any work at family;
（在家用at home）
2.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.
( have no idea(of)(不清楚)
3.Third, since I was familiar with Beijing, I can help visitors find their ways in the city.
( find one's way找到路)

3.解题要点：可数名词前已有冠词a/an，其后又采用复数形式，相互矛盾。
Every one of us can make a great efforts to cut off the use of energy in our country.

三、所有格的误用
1.He sent his daughter to a girl’s high school.
(a girls’ high school 女子高中)
2. After ten hour’s rest, he went on working.
(ten hours’ 10小时的)
3. He is a friend of my mother.
( a friend of my mother’s 我母亲的一个朋友，用双重所有格)

四、抽象名词采取了形容词或者动词形式
解题要点：在冠词后须用名词，两个并列成分，其中一个是名词，提示另一个也须用名词。此时不能误用形容词或动词形式。

1.Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience (服从).
(the + n. importance)
2.This made for the grow in the porcelain industry．
(the +n. growth)
3.Other way is to watch our everyday use of water and electric at home.
(and 连接两个并列成分，所以应为electricity)

真题再现
（1） We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream.
（waters 改为water，因“水”为物质名词，不可数） （全国卷）
（2） We climb everywhere， not only in America. We have been to Europe many time.
（time改为 times，many times 意为“许多次”） （全国卷）
（3） There are branch library in many villages.
（library 改为 libraries，因其前的谓语are为复数） （全国卷）
（4） Today I visited the Smiths — my first time visit to an American family.
（去掉time，因first 已含有“次”的意思） （全国卷）
（5） They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.
（question 改为 questions，因其前有表示复数意义的修饰语 lots of） （全国卷）
（6） We study quite a few subject， such as maths， Chinese， English and physics.
（subject 改为 subjects，因 a few 后应接复数可数名词） （全国卷）
（7） …and often watch football match on TV together. （match 改为 matches） （全国卷）
（8） I used to love science class — all of them— biology， chemistry， geography， physics. （class 改为 classes，指其后提到的所有课程） （北京春季卷）
（9） No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to.
（program 改为 programs，从句意上看，此处应用复数） （北京春季卷）
（10） You know， that was a dinner we had waited for several month.“
（month 改为 months，因 several 后要用可数名词的复数形式） （江苏卷）
（11） You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet.
（minute改为minutes，因为a few后面的名词一定是复数） （广西卷）
（12） Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby…
（age改为ages，因谈到不止一个人的年龄，age用复数；of all ages指各个年龄阶段的人
（13） She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when…
（homeworks改为homework，因它是不可数名词，没有复数形式） （福建卷）
（14） Without enough knowledges，   you can never teach well.
（knowledges改为knowledge，因 knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式） （湖北卷）
模拟单句演练
（1） Women live longer than men in most country.
（2） The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time.

（3） It‘s said that all the ticket have been sold out.
（4） The children spend a lot of times watching TV.
（5） I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday.
（6） The flower in the park were all pleasing.
（7） As the day went by， she became less anxious.
（8） Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country.
（9） It‘s one of the most interesting book that I’ve ever read.
（10） He made his first time visit to China when he was 18.
（11） Hearing the news， the woman burst into tear.
（12） He hasn‘t lived here long， but he has a great many friend here.
（13） I was afraid she would have left for family when I got there.
（14） He‘s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.
（15） There‘s a paper’s factory near our school.
(16). He is on good term with me.
(17). He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again.
(18). His opinion is considered to be great value.
(19). He sent his daughter to a girl’s high school.
(20). Give me three spoonful of sugar.
(21). His eyes are as blue as a Scandinavian.
(22). A few peoples live to be a hundred years old.
(23). Aunt Mary returned home after ten year’s absence.
(24). He is a friend of my brother.

「参考答案」
（1） country 改为 countries，因其前的most 意为“大多数”。
（2） time 改为 times，many times 意为“许多次”。
（3） ticket 改为 tickets，因它是可数名词，且受 all the 的修饰。
（4） times 改为 time，因 time 表示“时间”时不可数。
（5） peoples 改为 people，因 people 表示“人们”，本身是复数，其后不能再加词尾-s.（注：复数的peoples 表示不同的民族）
（6） flower 改为 flowers，因为其后的谓语为复数。
（7） day 改为 days，句意为“随着时间的推移，她变得不那么焦急了”，此处的 day 应用复数。
（8） computer 改为 computers，根据句意和其后的谓语 are，可知 computer 要用复数。
（9） book 改为 books，因 one of 后表示范围的名词要用复数。
（10） 去掉 time，his first visit 即为他第一次访问，其中已包含“次”的概念。
（11） tear 改为 tears，因 tear 为可数名词，不要误认为它是不可数名词。
（12） friend 改为 friends，因a great many 后要接复数名词。
（13） family 改为 home，leave for home 意为“动身回家”。
（14） furnitures 改为 furniutre，因它是不可数名词。
（15） paper‘s 改为 paper，表示“纸厂”、“纸花”、“纸飞机”等，直接用 paper 作定语
(16). term → terms, term的复数形式表示条件、 关系， on good terms with...意为“与……关系良好”。
(17). friend → friends, make friends with...与某人交朋友。
(18). be great value → be of great value, value是名词， be of+名词=be+形容词。即of great value=greatly valuable。
(19). girl’s → girls’， 女子高中是a girls’ high school。
(20). spoonful → spoonfuls, spoonful是可数名词。
(21). scandinavian → Scandinavian’s。.
(22). peoples → people此处people作“人讲”， 是复数名词。
(23). year’s → years’。
(24). brother → brother’s应是brother’s friends, 其后做了省略。