外研社英语八上M1知识点归纳.doc

Unit1
基础知识归纳
1.Practise saying the words.练习说这些单词。
practise （动词）练习；实习。后面多跟名词（词组）或v-ing形式作宾语。
Listen！Someone is practising playing the piano.

2. look up在此是：（在词典、参考书中）查阅 的意思；look up还有：拜访、探望、抬头看、鼓起勇气的意思。
It is unnecessary to look up every word you don’t know in the dictionary while your are reading.

3. make a mistake犯错误。Mistake为名词，表示错误
She made a mistake by taking the wrong textbook to class.
常用的短语还有：
（1） by mistake错误地
I took his schoolbag as mine by mistake.
（2） mistake A for B误将A当作B
The students mistook me for their teacher.

4. Who has some advice?谁有一些建议？
Advice为不可数名词，意为建议。当表达一条建议的时候用a piece of advice.
相关短语还有：
take one’s advice接受某人的建议
ask for one’s advice 向某人征求意见
She gives me a lot of advice on my English study.

5. Let’s try to speak English as much as possible.我们尽可能多地讲英语。
（1） try to do sth.设法做某事，尽力做某事
He tried to finish the work ahead of time.

拓展：try doing sth.试着做某事
（2） as much as possible尽可能多地。as...as possible尽可能......
as early as possible尽可能早地 as soon as possible尽可能快地

6. Why not write down the mistakes in our notebooks?为什么不把错误写在我们的笔记本里？
（1） 这里Why not +do...？是用来表示提出某种建议，而不是询问为什么不做某事。
（2） 表示建议的句型还有：
1）should+do意思是应该干......
2）Let’s do...意思是：让我们干......
3）It’s a good idea to do sth.干......是个好主意
4）How about doing sth.干某事怎么样？
5）It’s better not to do sth.最好不要干某事？

7. What else?还有其他的吗？
What else表示别的，其他的，else一般用在疑问词或不定代词之后
Who else did you see at the meeting?
Does anyone else want to read this book?

8. I agree with you.我同意你的意见
agree with表示同意某人的意见、观点或所说的话, with后接表示人的名词或代词。
I agree with what you said.

经典例题剖析
例1（2012.南京）
-Could you tell me how to remember new words quickly?
-Yes, I think a tree can help you a lot.
A. grammar B.equation C.punctuation Dvocabulary
解释：本题考查名词词义辨析。grammar语法; equation方程式; punctuation标点符号; vocabulary词汇。根据问句：你能告诉我怎么能很快地记住新单词吗？可知此空应填和词汇有关的单词。
答案：D

例2.（2013.南京模拟）
-It’s lovely weather today. Why not a picnic in the park?
-OK, let’s go.
A. have B.to have C.has D.having
解释：本题考查的句型：Why not do sth.为什么不干.
答案：A

基础知识集训
Ⅰ.根据句意和首字母提示补全句中所缺的单词。
1. Our teacher will give us some a about how to learn English well.
2. If you don’t know the m of the new words in the passage, try to guess them.
3. Is there anything new in today’s n.
4. I can’t pronounce the word. Can you tell me the p.
5. You can look them up in the d if you don’t know the new word.
6. The boy is so careless that he makes so many m in this exam.

Ⅱ.单项填空
1. Let’s try a horse.
A.drew B.draw C.draws D.drawing
2. My English is very poor. Could you tell me some good ways English?
A.of learn B.to learn C.learn D.learning
3. Don’t forget off the lights before you leave the classroom.
A.turn B.to turn C.turning D.turns
4. -How about back to him about it?
-All right.
A.write B.to write C.to writing D.writing
5. You write the poem down. Our teacher will give us a copy.
A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t

Ⅲ.根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子
1.你应该在课堂上多说英语。
You should in class.
2. 在笔记本上记下你的拼写错误怎么样？
your spelling mistakes in your notebook?
3. 我们应该互相学习。
We should learn from .
4. 我认为写作与阅读一样重要。
I think writing is reading.
5. 为什么不分组写这些练习呢？
Write down these words in groups?
6. 收听英语广播节目是个好主意。
It’s a good idea English radio programmes.
7. 还有人想吃苹果吗？
Does want to have an apple?
8. 老师给了我一些建议。
My teacher .
9. 不要忘记在错误旁边写上正确的答案。
Don’t the correct answers the mistakes.

综合知识集训
句型转换
1. Why not go swimming with us?（改为同义句）
going swimming with us?
2. It’s a good idea to stay in bed.（改为反意疑问句）
It’s a good idea to stay in bed，？
3. Try to listen to me, children.（改为否定句）
Try listen to me, children.
4. You mustn’t forget to take your English book.（改为祈使句）
to take your English book.

Unit2
基础知识归纳
1. You should smile at her.你应该对她微笑！
smile at对......微笑，以微笑对待......
The teacher smiled at my answer.
辨析：smile与laugh
smile与laugh都有笑的意思，smile是指微笑，强调没有笑出声音。laugh是指大笑
He smiles at me.
The funny story made the children laugh.

2. I also advise you to talk about the films or songs with your friends.我也建议你和你的朋友谈论电影或歌曲。
advise sb to do sth.建议某人做某事
She advised me to wear my best clothes.
注意：advise表示劝告，忠告，给......出主意时，其后可跟v-ing形式作宾语
I advised his starting at once.

3. Each time you will learn something new.每次你都将学到新东西。
something new新的东西。不定代词由形容词修饰作其定语时，形容词需要置于其后。
如：something important重要的事

4. I am shy and I am afraid to speak to her.我害羞，并且我害怕和她交谈。
be afraid to do sth.不敢/胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不敢去做，意为害怕。
注意：be afraid of doing担心害怕出现某种后果。be afraid of doing后也可跟名词、代词等
She was afraid to walk in grass because she was afraid of a snake.

5. I suggest you write four or five words a day on pieces of paper...我建议你每天在纸上写四五个单词...
Suggest表示建议或提出（意见或计划等）时有三种用法：
（1） 只能用动名词作宾语。短语suggest doing; suggest sb doing.
He suggested going out for a walk.
He suggested us going out for a walk.
（2） 跟宾语从句，但是从句中必须用should do或者省略should直接用动词原形
He suggested that we (should) take a walk.

经典例题剖析
例1.-Have you bought for Linda’s birthday?
-Not exactly. Just some flowers.
A. something unusual B.anything unusual
C.unusual something D.unusual anything
解释：本题考查的是不定代词的用法，something用在肯定句中，而anything用在否定句或疑问句中。形容词修饰不定代词放在其后面。
答案：B
例2.The little girl is afraid on the wooden bridge, for she is afraid into the river.
A.to walk; of falling B.to walk; to fall
C.of walking; of falling D.of walking; to fall
解释：be afraid of to do sth.害怕去做某事（主观）；be afraid of doing sth.害怕某事发生。
答案：A
基础知识集训
翻译下列短语
1. 听英文歌曲
2. 几次
3. 寻求建议
4. 三个基本问题
5. 喜欢看英文电影
6 学习英语的好办法
7. 新的东西
8. 猜单词的意思
9. 开始对话的好问题
10. 尽量每天记四五个单词

单项选择
1. There is in today’s newspaper.
A.something new B.anything new
C.new something D.new anything
2. Remember a dictionary here tomorrow.
A.to take B.to bring C.taking D.bringing
3. My father me newspapers after supper.
A.advises; to read B.advises; reading
C.advise; to read D.advise; reading
4. Many students ask advice about their English.
A.for; improving B.for; to improve
C.to; to improve D./; to improve
5. -We have nothing to do. Why not cards
-I don’t think so. What about to the park?
A.play; go B.playing; go C.play; going D.playing; going

句型转换
1. It takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day.（对划线提问）
It you to go to school by bike every day？
2. I’m afraid to go out at night alone.（改为同义句）
I going out at night alone.
3. It is a good way to practise English.（改为同义句）
It is a good way English.
4. To forget new words is natural.（改为同义句）
Is natural new words.
5. How about going to the park?（改为同义句）
go to the park?

根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 你不应该在课堂上说汉语。
You in English class.
2. 这还不够好，我要加以改进。
This is not good enough. I want it.
3. 看英文电影和听英文歌曲是学好英语的好方法。
and listening to English songs
great learn English.
4. 在开始对话之前，你应该对她微笑。
Before you begin the conversation, you should her.
5. 她忘记寄这封信了。
She the letter.

用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Lingling enjoys (listen) to English songs.
2. Why not (go) fishing at the East Lake? It’s very interesting.
3. Mary’s advice is (write) the correct words next to the mistakes.
4. How about (listen) to some English music?
5. Don’t (forget) to lock the door when you leave.
Unit3
基础知识归纳
1. It’s difficult to remember new words.记住生词很难。
It在这里作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。在英语中，若不定式短语作短语作主语，且主语较长，为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。
It is not easy to learn English.
=To learn English is not easy.
拓展：句型It is +形容词+for/of sb to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是......的。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth.在此句型中，当形容词表示人的品质、特征时，常用介词of。这类词有：kind, wise, clever, foolish等；当形容词表示食物的特点时，用介词for，这类词有：important, easy, difficult, hard, necessary等

2. ......make friends with them and take them around your town.......和他们交朋友并领着他们参观你们的城镇。
（1） make friends with与......交朋友。
He makes friends with the local people.
（2） take sb. around=show sb around带领某人参观
I will take them around our school

3. .....invite your new English-speaking friends to your club!......邀请讲英语的新朋友到你的俱乐部
Invite（动词）邀请。常见用法如下：
（1） invite sb.邀请某人
（2） Invite sb to do sth.邀请某人做某事
（3） Invite sb to a place邀请某人到某处
此外，invite的名词形式为invitation

经典例题剖析
例：-I think drinking milk every morning is good our health.
-Yes I agree you.
A. to; to B.with; to C.at; with D.for; with
解释：be good for对......有好处；agree with sb.同意某人的观点或看法
答案：D

基础知识集训
翻译下列短语
1. 一个好主意
2. 起床
3. 看报纸
4. 对......有好处
5. 寻找
6. 一直
7. 例如
8. 和......交朋友

选择上面的短语填入下面的句子，时期通顺完整（每个短语只能用一次）
1. He came up with in the end.
2. I’m alone. I’m afraid to anyone.
3. He always at six o’clock in the morning.
4. Eating lots of vegetables your health.
5. I like sports, , basketball, football,and volleyball.
6. My pen is lost. I it everywhere but I couldn’t find it.

用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. May I (borrow) your bike?
2. I will (correct) my mistakes.
3. Why not (have) a rest?
4. What should I do (improve) my listening?
5. Would you please (join) us?
6. He went out in a hurry and (leave) his book at home.
7. After a week of hard work, he would like to relax (he).
8. July is the (seven) month of the year.

单项选择
1. -Shall we go out for a walk?
-.
A.Yes, I like B.No, I have no time
C.Good idea D.Yes, we shall
2. -Let’s go to the zoo, shall we?
-.
A.All right B.You’re welcome
C.That’s all right D.Yes, we shall
3. There’s in today’s news paper. I want to read it.
A.new something B.anything new
C.something new D.nothing new
4. We throw dirty things here and there when we are in a park.
A.should B.must C.shouldn’t D.can
5. Why not your new English-speaking friends your club?
A.invite; to B.to invite; to C.inviting; to D.invites; to
6. Listening to English songs is good your English.
A.for improving B.at improving C.to improve D.for improve
7. I have got many books on Chinese food. You can borrow if you like.
A.either B.one C.it D.every

用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. Would you like (go) there with us?
2. Listen! Can you hear a baby (cry)
3. -Shall we watch TV?
-No, let’s (listen) to the radio.
4. I think that everyone should (do) some housework.

综合知识集训
书面表达
你的英语非常优秀，学校请你和七年级的同学们作一次英语学习经验交流。请你根据下列提示要点，为这次交流会准备一份不少于60词的发言稿。
要求：不要出现人名和校名
Please tell them:
1) When did you begin to learn English
2) Why do you like English
3) How do you study English now