横沙安置区一期塔吊施工方案.doc

management systems and measures established by, and a number of pragmatic, combined part-time workforce education information, the protection of the digital campus construction and sustainable development. Six Bureau attaches great importance to information technology security, information technology security, entrust XX City Center for educational information and equipment dedicated to the work. Network security leading group was set up, chaired by the Education Bureau Chief, head, for XX education Metro-network and information security emergency response leadership. Deputy group leader for XX educational metropolitan area network and information security emergency response coordination, command. The team assist leader and deputy leader, responsible for network XX network security and information ... Team. Information security work Conference held each semester, and deployment of information security of documents issued on a regular basis. Information security assessment is included in the annual index. Strictly implement the information security budget to ensure information security of investment. 　　By XX, education information and equipment Centre XX network network security and information security. According to the information technology security requirements, issued a document requires schools (units) implement, defined the information security guidelines, specific work practices, procedures, and requirements. 　　Clear industry information security incidents (accidents) to detect, report and disposal processes. According to self-examination, the school (units) basic established has network security management system; the school (units) according to this units actual, established has units personnel management, information system room management, and equipment management, and media management, and network security construction management, and shipped dimension management, and service outsourcing, management system; developed has computer and the network of network security responsibility held system, signed has network security responsibility; website of information management personnel is responsible for confidential management, password management, on computer enjoys independent right, 　　User name and password of the computer for its proprietary, and release of provisions is prohibited, such as leaks, investigated for responsibility. According to who is in charge of who's in charge, who is running and who is responsible for, who uses principles of who is in charge of management schools (units) defined the roles and responsibilities of information security, assurance responsibilities to schools. XX city schools (units) total site 20, 19 of which were not classified security protection assessment, of which 1 (XX education and resource network) for classified security protection levels, without third-level information systems. 　　Total education information systems 1 (XX education cloud platform), contains features with e-Government, resource library, test database, mail services, such as e-books, all intranet services. 　　No for grade protection grading record and evaluation of school (units), requirements the school (units) according to information security grade protection about policy and standard, organization carried out information security grade protection security management system construction, and technology measures construction and grade evaluation, implementation grade protection system of the requirements, makes information system security management level obviouslyfacility up to 160 million Yuan, according to the standard, high quality planning XX educational metropolitan area network realizes Wan Zhaokuan to schools, hundreds of megabytes of broadband to the table, ' wire ' (ie: Web, video, audio) to the target, electronic whiteboards, multimedia classrooms, remote interactive video teaching system of modern educational equipment in the classroom. ... With Intel company on XX Education City domain network of topic case design, relies on Cisco company thought Shu aid chuan project staff free provides has three years technology support, from 2009 began, according to high standards, and high of work thought, and manpower planning, and points step implementation, using school earthquake Hou reconstruction of opportunities, again planning elementary and middle schools campus network and education city domain network, and local broadcasting network company cooperation, using broadcast TV network will physical fiber laying to each school, to minimum of cost achieved has physical fiber school school pass; Each school construction standards of campus network and network access to all rooms; 　　XX education metropolitan area network center machine room equipment in the Ministry of education standardization management platform, the Central Library of audio-visual education resources, set up a Chinese teacher education cloud platform, implemented links the two platforms. At present, the city's primary and middle school students to computer 3198, vitality than 10:1; 809 equipment classes through the classroom (primary and secondary); 36 of the campus network. The establishment of an advanced, practical Gigabit educational metropolitan area network, the city's schools have access to educational metropolitan area network, schools have computer networks, closed-circuit television network, broadcast networks into the classrooms, realize the triple play. 　　Schools share Internet bandwidth, can meet the needs of teaching of the school office and at any time. According to Ministry of education on full started implementation teaching points digital education resources full cover project of notification (taught technical letter (2012) 74th,) and XX Province Department of education on issued XX province teaching points digital education resources full cover project implementation views of notification (chuan taught letter (2013) 18th,) requirements, I city 6 a teaching points implementation teaching points digital education resources full cover project, combined I city specific situation, developed issued has XX City Bureau on teaching points digital resources full cover project of implementation programme, Established XX, full coverage of digital resources in modern distance education teaching project leading group, XX, chaired the Secretary for education. Established, digital resources in modern distance education teaching, XX full coverage project group, XX, Director of the Center for educational information and equipment chaired Zhu Guiyan, responsible for distance education digital resources covering project work. 　　Projects in XX city school digital resources in modern distance education teaching full-coverage project leading group, digital resources in modern distance education teaching, and XX full coverage project group leadership and organization, in accordance with the unified arrangement of the whole province, responsible for university education digital resources covering project management and implementation. According to provinces arrangements, I Center has arrangements Gong广州黄埔区横沙城中村改造工程（安置区）一期施工塔吊专项施工方案

广州黄埔区横沙城中村改造工程（安置区）一期

施工塔吊专项施工方案

编制单位： 广东电白建设集团有限公司

编 制 人： 邓家岚

审 核 人：

编制日期： 二0一一年十月二日

目 录
一、 编制依据 3
二、 工程概况 3
三、 塔吊的基础设计 4
四、 塔吊桩、基础承台承载力验算 5
五、 塔吊安装 18
六 安装注意事项 19
七、 附墙件的安装 19
八、 塔吊的操作使用 20
九、 起重机的维护与保养 20
十、 塔吊拆除及安全措施 21
十一、 塔吊的沉降、垂直度测定及偏差较正： 23
十二、 附图 23

一、 编制依据
1、 广州黄埔区横沙城中村改造工程（安置区）一期施工图纸
2、 广州黄埔区横沙城中村改造工程（安置区）一期地质资料
3、 建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范GB50202-2002
4、 建筑地基基础设计规范GB50007-2002
5、 塔吊起重机设计规范GB/T13752-1992
6、 塔式起重机操作使用规程ZBJ80012-89
7、 建筑机械使用安全技术规程JGL33-2001
8、 广州五羊建设机械有限公司QTZ6010型塔式起重使用说明书
二、 工程概况
广州黄埔区横沙城中村改造项目（安置区）一期，位于广州市黄埔区丰乐北路西侧、护林路南侧，横沙村东北侧地块，是由广州兆霖房地产开发公司投资兴建，广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院设计，广东电白建设集团有限公司承建，广州市黄埔建设监理有限公司监理，华南理工大学建筑设计研究院勘察工程有限公司勘察，地下室基坑围护设计方案由广州市泰基础工程技术有限公司设计。我公司承建的安置一期，包括A1-1、A1-2、A2-1、A2-2、A2-3、A2-4、A3-1、A41、A4-2楼， 每幢33层，建筑高度103.2米；地下室2层。总建筑面积为m2 ,整个工程在施工中垂直运输工作量、材料的运输周转非常大，项目部结合建筑物的高度、结构特点、施工现场环境，综合考虑工期、吊运能力、机械类型等因素，合理安排机械数量和布置位置，计划安排塔吊共计4台：在A1-1幢的南侧4~6交J轴安装一台QTZ6010塔吊（1#）兼顾A1-1及A1-2幢运输；在A4-1幢南侧14~15交J~G轴安装一台QTZ6010塔吊（2#）兼顾A3-1、A4-1、A4-2幢运输；在A2-4幢北侧1-5~1-7交1-R轴安装一台QTZ6010塔吊（3#）兼顾A2-3、A2-4幢运输；在A2-2幢北侧3-5~3-11交3-Q轴安装一台QTZ6010塔吊（4#）兼顾A2-1、A2-2幢运输。
三、 塔吊的基础设计
1、地质情况分析
根据华南理工大学建筑设计研究院勘察资料，其土层分布依次如下，（1）杂填土，（2-1）淤泥，（2-2）细砂，（2-3）粉质粘土，（2-4）粗砂
（2-5）粉质粘土，（3-1）砂质粘性土，（3-2）砂质粘性土，（5-1）全风化混合花岗岩，（5-2）强风化混合花岗岩，（5-3）中风化混合花岗岩，（5-4）微风化混合花岗岩。从本工程的土质情况、土方开挖后承台的支撑以及对边坡支护影响等因素考虑，塔吊采用桩承台基础，承台下为人工挖孔桩支撑，以确保塔吊基础的稳定性，基础承载力满足使用要求。人工挖孔灌注桩的深度根据土层情况，在17.5米，直径1.6m，采用单桩承台支撑布置，采用端承桩方式，以中风化岩为持力层，桩端入岩0.5m,同时承台预留钢筋与地下室底板连成整体。
2、承台基础和垫层设计
根据地质情况分析，结合厂家提供的基础施工要求，承台选用5000 mm×5000mm×1500mm(长×宽×高)，混凝土强度不低于C35要求，基础承台采用C35钢筋砼内配螺纹钢Ⅱ25﹫120双层双向,设Ⅱ16@480X480拉筋。根据土质情况，地库外的塔吊基础承台下设100厚C15素混凝土垫层和300厚块石垫层。
3、桩基础设计
本工程采用端承桩方式，桩基础采用桩径为Φ1600mm人工挖孔桩，桩长17.5米，桩顶嵌入承台100mm，桩身配筋情况：主筋8Φ20，笼长L=12米，螺旋箍Φ8@200，桩顶2米加密Φ8@100，加强箍为Φ16＠2000，主筋的钢筋保护层厚度为70mm。桩顶标高设计为－9.90米，桩底标高－24.90米，桩径为1600 mm，桩基础混凝土采用C30。
4、施工工序
1)、根据施工要求确定塔吊的基础位置，先施工塔吊的桩基础，再施工塔吊的承台基础，并预埋好螺栓，预埋螺栓时应根据厂家设计图要求预埋准确，尺寸偏差在5mm内，整个承台面要求平整，平整度控制在1/1000。
2)、预埋螺栓采用16根M39，长1300高强度螺杆，露出承台面360毫米，丝扣长100毫米，丝扣上油后用塑料套保护封闭。螺栓预埋时用电焊固定牢固。
3)、接地必须良好，并按图纸施工，接地避雷器的电阻不得大于4Ω,接地保护装置的电缆与任何一根塔身主弦杆的螺栓连接，并清除螺栓及螺母的涂料。
四、 塔吊桩、基础承台承载力验算
1．荷载参数
荷载的计算参数按照QZT6010塔式起重机进行（吨位大），根据厂方说明书，塔机固定在基础上，塔机未采用附着装置前，塔机对基础产生的荷载值最大，基础的设计及验算按荷载最大的状态进行。

QTZ6010型塔机技术性能参数：
工称起重力矩（KN/m）
800
最大起重力矩(KN/m)
1100
最大起重量(t)
6
工作幅度（m）
最大幅度
60
最小幅度
2.5
起升高度（m）
独立式
40
附着式
150
电网（V/HZ）
380/50
整机总容量（kw）
34.7(不含顶升)
工作环境温度（oC）
0~40
独立式整机自重（t）
40.2
臂长（m）
60
55
50（本工程选用）
平衡重（T）
16.9
15.4
13.2
起升机构
倍率
2
4
速度（m/min）
9
39
80
4.5
19.5
40
起重量（t）
3
3
1.5
6
6
3
功率(KW)
5.4
24
24
5.4
24
24
牵引机构
速度（m/min）
20
40
功率(KW)
2.2
3.3
回转机构
速度（r/min）
0~0.62
功率(KW)
3.7*2
回转支承型号
HSW1435
顶升机构
速度（m/min）
0.4~0.7
功率(KW)
7.5
额定工作压力（Mpa）
20
2、塔吊基础受力情况：

荷载工况
基础荷载
P(kN)
M(kN.m)
Fk
Fh
M
MZ
工作状态
625.80
27.00
1720.00
305.00
非工作状态
556.80
80.00
1930.00
0

比较桩基础塔吊的工作状态和非工作状态的受力情况，塔吊基础按非工作状态计算
Fk=556.8×1.2=668.16kN Fh=31.00×1.4=43.40kN
Mk=(1930.00+80.0×1.90)×1.4=2914.8kN.m

3、桩顶以下岩土力学资料
序号
地层名称
厚度
L(m)
桩侧阻力标准值qsia(kPa)
桩侧岩层和桩端岩层岩样抗压强度frs、frp(kPa)
qsia*ιi
(kN/m)
抗拔摩阻力折减系数λi
λi
qsia*ιi
(kN/m)
1
粉质粘土
5.00
30.00

150.00

0.60
90.00
2
强风化粗沙岩
5.70
70.00

399.00
0.60
239.40
3
全风化混合花岗岩
2.30
60.00

138.00
0.60
82.80
4
强风化混合花岗岩
5.70
90.00
‘
513.00
0.60
307.80

中风化混合花岗岩
0.50
200.00
19800.00
100.00
0.70
70.00

桩长
15.0
m
∑qsia*ιi
1300.00
∑λiqsia*ιi
790.00
4、基础设计主要参数
基础桩采用单桩φ1600人工挖孔灌注桩，桩顶标高-10.70m，桩端入中风化混合花岗岩0.50m；
桩混凝土等级C35，fC=16.70N/mm2 ,EC=3.15×104N/mm2；
ftk=2.20N/mm2，桩长15.00m；
钢筋HRB335,fy=300.00N/mm2 ,Es=2.00×105N/mm2；
承台尺寸长(a)=5.0m、宽(b)=5.0m、高(h)=1.50m；
桩中心与承台中心重合,承台面标高-9.60m；
承台混凝土等级C35,ft=1.57N/mm2,fC=16.70N/mm2,γ砼=25kN/m2。
Gk=a×b×h×γ砼×1.2=5.0×5.0×1.50×25×1.2=1125.0kN

一）、单桩允许承载力特征值计算
1、 单桩竖向承载力特征值
(1)、按地基土物理力学指标与承载力参数计算
单桩竖向承载力特征值计算依据广东省标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》
DBJ 15-31-2003第10.2.4条。按下列公式计算：
Ra= Rsa＋Rra＋Rpa
Rsa=μ∑qsiai
Rra=μpC2frshr
Rpa=C1frpAp
式中Rsa－桩侧土总摩阻力特征值；
Rra－桩侧岩总摩阻力特征值；
Rpa－持力岩层总端阻力特征值；
μp－桩嵌岩端截面周长；
hr－嵌岩深度，当岩面倾斜时以低点起计；
Ap－桩截面面积，对扩底桩取扩大头直径计算桩截面面积；
frs、frp－分别为桩侧岩层和桩端岩层的岩样天然湿度单轴抗压强度；
C1、C2－系数，根据持力层基岩完整程度及沉渣厚度等因素而定。
Ap=πd2/4=3.14×3.24/4=2.54m2 C1=0.35 C2=0.045
Rsa=u∑qsiai =πd∑qsiai=3.14×1.60×1300.00=6531.20kN
Rra1=upC2frshr =1.00×3.14×1.60×0.45×5000.00×2.80=3956.40kN
Rra2=upC2frshr =1.00×3.14×1.80×0.05×13000.00×2.20=8082.36kN
Rpa=C1frpAp =1.00×0.40×13000.00×2.54=13225.68kN
Ra= Rsa＋Rra＋Rpa=7257.17+3956.40+8082.36+13225.68=32521.61kN
(2)、桩身载面强度计算
桩身混凝土强度计算依据广东省标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》DBJ 15-31-2003第10.2.7条。按下式验算桩身截面强度：

式中ψc－工作条件系数，灌注桩取0.7～0.8(水下灌注桩取较低值)，预制桩取
0.8～0.9；
fc－桩身混凝土轴心抗压强度设计值；
Ap－桩身横截面面积；
Q－相应于荷载效应基本组合时的单桩竖向设计值。
Ψc=0.75
ΨcfcAp=0.75×16.70×1000×2.01=25175.25kN
2、 单桩水平承载力特征值计算
灌注桩的水平承载力特征值计算依据广东省标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》
DBJ 15-31-2003第10.2.22条，按下式计算：

式中：RHa－单桩水平承载力特征值；
α－桩的水平变形系数，按规范式(10.2.19)确定；

γm－塑性系数，圆形截面γm=2；
ftk－桩身混凝土抗拉强度标准值；
υm－桩身最大弯矩系数，按表10.2.23取值，视上部结构、承台、地梁对桩顶的约束程度及桩顶构造，分别按铰接或固接考虑；
N1k－桩顶扣除竖向活荷载作用的竖向力标准值；
ρg－桩身纵筋配筋率；
ζN－桩顶竖向力影响系数，竖向压力取ζN=0.8，竖向拉力取ζN=-1；
An－桩换算截面积，圆形截面为：

W0－桩身换算截面受拉边缘的截面抗弯模量，圆形截面取：

式中d－桩身直径；
d0－扣除保护层的桩直径；
Es－钢筋的弹性模量；
EC－混凝土的弹性模量。
Pg=0.3+(2000-1600.00)/(2000-400)×(0.65-0.3)=0.39%
Wo=πd/32[d2＋2(ES/EC－1)ρgd02]=0.16×(2.56+10.70×0.39%×2.52)=0.43m3
Io=Wod/2=0.43×1.60/2=0.34m4
EI=0.85ECIo=0.85×3.15×107×0.34=.00
查(DBJ15-31-2003)P.118:m=35.00×103kN/m4 ， bo =0.9(d+1)=2.52m
α=(mbo/ECI)0.2=(35.00×1000×2.52/.00)0.2=0.25
α×L=0.25×17.50=4.38>4 ，满足长桩要求。
按 α×L=4 查（DBJ15-31-2003）P.121: Vm=0.768
Nlk=(Fk＋Gk)/n=(668.16+1125.0)/1=1793.16kN γm=2 ζN=0.80
An=πd2/4[1＋(Es/Ec-1)Pg]=2.54×(1+5.35×0.39%)=2.59m2
RHa=αγmftkW0/Vm(1.25+22ρg)(1+ζNN1k/γmftkAn)=886.875×1.33×0.126=178.59kN
3.单桩抗拔力特征值计算
桩抗拔力的验算依据广东省标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》DBJ 15-31-2003
第10.2.10条,按下式计算：

式中G0－桩自重，地下水位以下取有效重度计算；
qsia－桩侧土摩阻力特征值；
μp－桩周长，μp=πd；
λi－抗拔摩阻力折减系数。
0.9G0=0.9×3.14×0.51×17.50×25=630.55kN
Rta=upΣλiqsiai +0.9G0=5.024×790+630.55=4599.51kN
二）、单桩桩顶作用力计算和承载力验算
1、 轴心竖向力作用下
Qik=(Fk＋Gk)/n=(668.16+1125.0)/1=1793.16kN
轴心竖向力Qik=1793.16kN小于Ra=4599.51kN,满足要求。
2、 水平力作用下
Hik=Fh /n=43.40/1=43.40kN
单桩水平力Hik=80.00kN小于RHa=178.59kN,满足要求。
三）、抗倾覆验算

bi=1.80/2=0.90m
倾覆力矩M倾=M＋Fh×h=1866.00+31.00×18.00=2424.00kN.m
抗倾覆力矩M抗=（Fk＋Gk）×bi＋Rta×bi
=(619.00+722.00)×1.80/2+5853.14×0.90=6474.73kN.m
M抗/M倾=6474.73/2424.00=2.67
抗倾覆验算2.67大于1.6,满足要求。
四）、灌注桩配筋计算
承台下2（d＋1）米深度范围土层类别()按
（DBJ15-31-2003）P.119查 β=59.00
βd2(15d2＋0.5d)1/5(1＋0.8 Nlk/ftkγmAp)=191.16×1.42×1.12=302.53kN>Hik=43.40kN
桩身可不配抗弯钢筋，但应该按照规范规定配置构造钢筋 ρ=ρg=0.34%
As=ρAP=0.344%×.00=8743mm2 取2922
As’=29×379.9=11017mm2>As (满足要求)
桩顶钢筋抗拔验算=1924.90×106÷1800÷[(29-2)÷2×379.9]=208.51N/mm2
桩顶钢筋抗拔验算208.51N/mm2小于300.00N/mm2,满足要求。
五）、承台受冲切、受剪切承载力验算
按照广东省地基基础设计规范中10.5.4明确承台受冲切、受剪切承载力采用验算ho的高度来判断，可按下式计算：

式中Fι－作用于冲切破坏锥体上的冲切力设计值；
fc－承台混凝土抗压强度设计值；
μc－柱截面周长；
F－作用于柱底的竖向压力设计值；
∑Qki－冲切破坏锥体范围内各基桩的净反力(不计承台及其上覆土重)之和；
Fk－作用于柱底处的竖向压力标准值；
n－桩数；
n0－冲切破坏锥体范围内的桩数。
Fι=F－1.2 ΣQik=Fk=619.00kN uc=4×0.2=0.800m，ho=2.00-0.07=1.93m
2×( Fι/fc)0.5－uc/8=2×(.0÷16.70)0.5-(800÷8)=285mm
承台有效高度285mm小于h0=1930mm,承台受冲切、受剪切承载力满足要求。

六）、承台配筋计算
1.基础弯矩计算
Ni=Fk=742.80kN，Xi =0.90m
M=ΣNixi=742.80×0.90=668.52kN.m
2.基础配筋计算
基础采用HRB335钢筋,fy=300.00N/mm2
As1=M/0.9fyho=668.52×106/(0.9×300.00×1930)=1283mm2
按照最小配筋率ρ=0.10%计算配筋
As2=ρbho=0.001×5000×1430=7150mm2
比较As1和As2，按As2配筋,取20φ22@196mm (钢筋间距满足要求)
As=20×380.0=7600 mm2
承台配筋面积7600mm2大于7334mm2,满足要求。

七）、计算结果
基础桩：
1根φ1600 人工挖孔灌注桩，桩端不设扩大头,桩顶标高-10.3m，
桩长17.50m，桩端入中风化粉砂岩 0.50m；
桩混凝土等级C35,HRB335钢筋，2822,箍筋采用φ8mm@200mm。
承台：
长(a)=5.00m、宽(b)=5.00m、高(h)=1.50m；
桩中心与承台中心重合，承台面标