人教版-八年级上册-第九单元知识点全八上--unit-9知识点.doc

Unit9 Can you come to my party的知识点
Grammar：
1．情态动词can的用法小结：
(1)表示能力，意为“能，会”，其过去式为could。
(2)表示“请求许可”。在这一用法中，can与could都表示现在，但could比can语气更加委婉。一般用在疑问句中，句型为Can you…？肯定回答为：Yes/Sure/Certainly，I'd love to。否定回答常为：I'm sorry/Sorry，I can't。
(3)表示可能性，常用于否定句中。
eg：This can't be true.这不可能是真的。
2．【辨析】have to与must
have to表示客观需要，有人称、数和时态的变化；其否定形式为don't have to“不必”。
must表示说话人的主观看法，认为有必要或义务去做某事，没有时态和人称的变化；其否定形式为mustn't“禁止”。
3.情态动词can表示邀请
Can you „？意为“你能„吗？”。此句型表示客气邀请某人做某事，can可以用could替换。区别在与：用could比用can语气委婉，显得更有礼貌。
【拓展】 向别人发出邀请、请求、建议或征求某人的意见，还有几种表达方式，大多数语气比较委婉，显得客气而有礼貌。
1) Would you like„？“你想要/愿意„吗？”其后可以接名词、代词或动词不定式，用来提出建议或发出邀请。
eg: Would you like some oranges?
2) Will/Would/Could you please„？“请你„好吗？”其后接名词，用来提出建议或发出邀请。
eg: Will/Would/Could you please help me sweep the floor?
3) Shall we„？“我们„好吗？”shall是情态动词，其后接动词原形。用于征求别人的意见。
eg: Shall we have a picnic together?
4) Let’s„意为“让我们„吧”，let后面接动词原形，用于征求别人的意见。 eg: Let’s go to school.
5) Why not„？或Why don’t you„？“为什么不„呢？”其后接动词原形。用于提出建议。 eg: Why not go there?
6) How/What about„？“„怎么样？”about 为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。用来提出建议或征求对方的意见。 eg: How/What about talking the bus?
7) Let's do sth. 咱们做某事吧 eg: Let's go shopping.
1. prepare for an exam.为考试做准备。
prepare to do sth.准备做某事 Taking out a piece of paper,he prepared to write to his parents.
prepare for 为...做准备 I can't go to the movies with you because I have to prepare for an exam. prepare sb. for sth. 使某人为某事做准备
We must prepare him for the bad news.我们必须是他为这个坏消息做好准备。
preparation 准备，预备
He didn't do enough preparation for his exam,and failed.他没有为他的考试做好充分准备，结果不及格。
have/take an exam 参加考试 pass the exam 通过考试，考试及格 fail the exam 考试不及格
2. have the flu 患流感（不用a） have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧
have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛
3. I'm sorry.I'm not available.对不起，我没有空。 available 有空的，可获得的 相当于free=have time
4. Oh，but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.哦，但是萨姆一直待到下周三才会离开。
until 作介词，“到...时；直到...为止” 表示动作、状态的继续，相当于till。until常用于否定句中，与not构成固定结构，not...until,“直到....才”
I waited until three o'clock . 我一直等到三点钟。
The noise didn't stop until midnight. 嗓音一直到午夜才停止。
until还可用作连词，表动作、状态持续到另一动作或状态出现之前，意为“直到...为止”
He lived with his parents until got married. 他和她的父母住在一起直到结婚。
The children won't come home until it is dark.孩子们直到天黑才会回家。
5. Can you hang out with us on Monday night?周一晚上你能和我们一起逛街吗？
hang out 闲逛；常去某处 hang out sp.
hang on 紧紧抓住 hang about （在某处）闲荡 hang up 挂断电话，悬挂，挂起
hang 悬挂，垂下 过去式为hung （被）吊死，（被绞死 过去式为hanged
6. Catch you on Monday. 周一见。 Catch you 常用于口语，类似的有 see you later!
Catch a cold 患感冒 catch one's eye 引起某人的注意 catch the train 赶上火车
Catch up with 赶上，跟上 catch hold of 抓住
7. I'm afraid not.恐怕不能。 I'm afraid so.恐怕如此。
I hope so. I hope not. I think so. I don't think so.
8.invite sb. to +地点名词 邀请某人去某地
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
invite 名词 invitation邀请，请柬
9. accept 接受 refuse 拒绝
accept 接受，指主观上愿意接受
receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。
I received his gift yesterday，but I wouldn't like to accept it.昨天我收到了他的礼物，但我不想接受它。
refuse 后接名词、代词或动词不定式不接ing
He usually refuses the invitation from Tony。他通常会拒绝托尼的邀请。

Section B 知识点
1. the day before yesterday 前天 用于一般过去时
He went to Beijing the day before yesterday.
the day after tomorrow 后天 用于一般将来时
2.weekday 工作日 从星期一到星期五的任何一天
weekend周末 指星期六和星期日 在周末 on weekends on the weekend
I only work on weekdays，not on weekends.
3.What's today?今天是什么日子？回答时，通常用星期和日期，也可用节日。
如 It's Monday the 14th. 今天是14号，星期一。
It's Teacher's Day.今天是教师节。
What's the date today? 今天是几月几号？ 回答用日期。
It's September 10th.9月10号。
What day is it today？ 今天是星期几？回答用星期
It's Monday. 星期一。
4.Look after his sister. 照顾他的妹妹。
Look after =take care of look after ...well =take good care of ...
You should look after the dog well.=You should take good care of the dog.你应该好好照顾这条狗。
look at 看 look for 寻找 look forward to doing 盼望，期待 look out 当心，小心
5.turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请
turn down 拒绝；关小；调低 当拒绝讲时相当于refuse
turn up 开大；调高
动副结构，代词作宾语放在中间
6.She helped me to improve my English so much.他帮助我把英语提高了那么多。
so much 如此多，可修饰动词作状语，后面也可接不可数名词。
Thank you so much.
There was so much noise outside.外面噪杂声很多。
区分 so many
7.I'm sad to see her go，and this party is the best way to say “Thank you and goodbye.”
看到她离开我很难过，这个聚会是她说“谢谢和再见”的最好方式。
1) sad形容词，“令人悲哀的；令人难过的”
sadness 名词，“悲伤，悲痛”
2) see sb. do sth. see sb. doing sth. 的区别
8.My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.
在这个月末，我们全家打算去武汉旅行，看望我的叔叔和婶婶。
take a trip 去旅行
at the beginning of 在...的开始
at the end of 在...末尾，在...尽头 可以表示地点，也可以表示时间。
by the end of 到...末为止 常与过去完成时连用
We have learned 1,000 words by the end of the road.在路的尽头你会看到一家书店。
in the end 最后；终于可放在句首、句末 与at last ，finally 同义
9.However，I'd still be glad to help out with any of the party preparations,like planing the games. 然后，我仍然很高兴帮助做一些聚会的准备工作，像计划一些游戏。
be glad to do sth. 高兴做某事
help out (帮助...)分担工作；解决难题
Do you need anyone to help out in the shop？店里的事你需要有人帮一把手吗？
preparation 准备，准备工作
We made preparations to move to new offices.我们已准备好要搬到新办公室。
10.Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.
在没有告知斯蒂恩女士的前提下，把她带来参加聚会，以便她会感到惊喜。
1) without 其后可跟动词ing形式、人称代词宾格或名词，用来表示伴随或假设的情况。
Without doing sth. 没有做某事
还有without 的句子可以和还有 if ...not 的句子互换。
I could't finish the work without your help.=If you didnt help me,I couldnt finish the work.
如果没有你的帮助，我就完不成这项工作。
2) so that 以便，为的是 引导目的状语从句，从句中常用can、could，may、might
I work hard every day so that I can catch up with Tom.
我每天努力学习，以便能赶上汤姆。
surprised 形容词 通常修饰人
We are surprised to learn that she is sixty years old. 得知她60岁了，我们感到惊讶。
surprising 形容词，通常用来修饰物 The news was surprising. 这则消息令人吃惊。
Surprise 名词，惊奇，惊讶 动词 使吃惊
To our surprise，he passed the exam.
It surprised me to see so many people there.
11.I look forward to hearing from you. 我期盼着收到你们所有人的答复。
1) look forward to期待，期盼 后接名词、代词、动名词。
2) hear from sb.接到某人的信、电话等，相当于receive a letter/telephone from sb.
反义词组 write a letter to sb. 或give a telephone to sb. 给某人打电话
I heard from my mother last week.=I received a letter from my mother last week.
上周我收到了我母亲的来信。
3) hear of=hear about 听说 I heard of the story.
12.Hope you can make it.希望你能参加聚会。
Make it 口语中使用频率较高，
1) “在约定时间内赶到”相当于arrive in time
“Glad you could make it ,”Mr. King said “很高兴你能来”金先生说。
2) “办成某事”相当于 succeed
After years of hard work,he finally made it.多年的辛勤劳动后，他终于成功了。
13.Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday，December 20th。
请于12月20日周五前以书面形式回复此邀请。
1) reply to 对...做出回答
2) by Friday 在周五之前 by...不迟于，到...时为止
Can you finish the work by tomorrow? 到明天为止你能完成这项工作吗？
短语：
1、on Saturday afternoon在周六下午 2、 prepare for为„„做准备
3、go to the doctor去看医生 4、have the flu患感冒
5、help my parents帮助我的父母 6、come to the party来参加聚会
7、another time其他时间 8、 last fall去年秋天
9、go to the party去聚会 10、hang out常去某处；泡在某处
11、the day after tomorrow后天 12、the day before yesterday前天
13、have a piano lesson上钢琴课 14、look after照看；照顾
15、accept an invitaton接受邀请 16、turn down an invitation拒绝邀请
17、take a trip去旅行 18、at the end of this month这个月末
19、look forward to盼望；期待 20、the opening of„ „„的开幕式/落成典礼
21、reply in writing书面回复 22、go to the concert去听音乐会
23、not„until直到„„才 24、meet my friend会见我的朋友
25、visit grandparents拜访祖父母 26、study for a test为考试学习
27、have to不得不 28、too much homework太多作业
29、do homework做家庭作业 30、go to the movies去看电影
31、after school放学后 32、on the weekend在周末
33、invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事
34、what引导的感叹句结构：What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！
35、What+adj.+名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！
36、help sb.（to）do sth.帮助某人做某事
37、be sad to do sth.做某事很悲伤
38、see sb. do sth. see sb.doing sth.
39、the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式
40、have a surprise party for sb.为某人举办一个惊喜派对
41、look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事
42、reply to sth./sb.答复某事/某人