否定与半否定句型语法总结.doc

一般否认句与特指否认句
　1. 一般否认句
句型1[主语+特殊定式动词+noｔ+行为动词或表语+其他]
1. China of ｔoday is noｔ ｗhａt it was thiｒｔｙ yearｓ aｇo.　
2. "Iｓｎ＇t tｈat Teddy　Thomsoｎ　ouｔ?＂-＂I thinｋ it's　hｉm， but　I ｃan＇t　be a huｎdrｅd　percent　sure."
3. ＂Oh,　ｓｉr,　he cａn＇t have　ｓaiｄ　sucｈ ａ ｔhing！ He cａn't ｈａve spoken liｋe　that ｔo you， sir＂ 　
4. Wｅ mｕsｔ not ｗaｉt foｒ　faｖors ｆｒom Nａtｕrｅ; ｗe must　ｔaｋe ｔhem ｆroｍ ｈeｒ.　
5. Ｉ haveｎ＇t ｆinｉshｅd ｔhe ｂｏoｋ ｙｅｔ．　　
6. Ｍoneｙ cｏuｌd　not bｕy happineｓs． 　
句型2[主语+do(doｅs, did）＋　ｎｏt＋行为动词+其他］　
7. Sorｒow　doesｎ't buy brｅaｄ.　
8. 　Pure ｇｏｌd does ｎot dread ｆire.　
9. ＂Why iｓ Mr. Coopｅｒ　so ａngrｙ tｏday？"-"I ｄon'ｔ knｏw wｈy." 　
10. "They ｄid ｎot sｔeal　so mucｈ．"-"Ｉ dｏｎ'ｔ ｃarｅ hｏw much.＂ He ｓaｉｄ, ＂… Ａ thief ｉｓ a　thief.＂　
句型３［主语+　行为动词＋ no/not+宾语+其他] 　
11. A ｒollｉng stone ｇathｅrｓ no moｓs.
12. Vｉｏla, hearinｇ thiｓ, ｋnew not　how to behavｅ, nor how　ｔｏ ansｗer　her. 　
13. I kｎow noｔ ｗｈat ｃoｕrｓe others　ｍaｙ take， ｂｕｔ, as for　ｍｅ, gｉve me liberｔy　oｒ give me dｅａｔｈ!
14. We ａｒe ｆleeｔ-wiｎｇed　men aｔ arms;　ｗｅ　fear nｏt mｏuntａｉnｓ　higｈ　oｒ riveｒｓ　dｅeｐ.　　
句型4［There ｂe＋ nｏ/nｏｔ／not any+主语（＋状语)]
15. There was　no well iｎ tｈe ｖｉlｌage　at　that ｔiｍe. 　
16. Oliveｒ Twｉｓt wａs ｂorn　in a　workhoｕse… Ｔhere weｒｅ no aunts,　nｏ siｓters, ｎo cousins, ｎｏ　ｇｒanｄ motｈeｒs.
17. Tｈere is　noｔ ａ　momｅnt ｔo　ｂe ｌｏｓt. 　
18. Thｅre ｉs no holdinｇ back the　wheel of　ｈistｏry　
[附注] 一般否认句旳其他体现方式:　　
19. Wｈo knｏｗs ｉt?　(=No oｎe　knowｓ　it.) Ｄaｒe he　do it?　(=He darｅ　not dｏ iｔ.)　　
20. Goｄ oｎly knowｓ!　(=No one knows.)　 As if Ｉ woulｄ allow　it! （＝ I would certaｉｎｌy not aｌｌoｗ iｔ．) Ｃatch me　ｄoing thａt! 　
21. Iｆ I do I　ａm a ｖillain. (＝I　will not do.) Ｄo ｔhａt　ａgain iｆ you ｄarｅ．　
22. In Heavｅn，　an anｇel　is nobodｙ in　particular.　Thｅy ｓhuｎ pｅrsonal ｆamｅ anｄ gains.　
23. Ｔhe　city　ａnｄ tｈe areas aroｕｎｄ ｉt　are ａn　iｃｅ－frｅe porｔ ａnd a　nuｃlｅar　weapｏn-free zone. Tｈe　bｕildiｎg　is　ｉｎ a sｔate of neｇｌｅcｔ．
24. Ｓhe　ｓtood sｔiｌl, ｔrｙing ｗinｌy　（in vaｉn) ｔo ａnsｗｅｒ ｔhe ｂatterｙ ｏｆ queｓtｉoｎs raisｅｄ　bｙ tｈe　reportｅrｓ. I ｄｉslｉke the iｄea verｙ　mｕcｈ. Mr． Wｈitｅ has reｆrained from makｉng　any ｏfficiａl coｍmenｔ on ｔｈe coup in ｔｈat country. Yesterdaｙ　shｅ ｆaileｄ ｔo get tｏ school ｏn time. The evidence is　ｃoncｌuｓive, ｅxcluding alｌ　possｉbｉlities of　ｄouｂt.　Theｙ ｅxclｕded　ｃhildren (frｏm） gｅｔｔiｎｇ in. Ｗe＇ll foreｖer ｌｉve up　to　whaｔ tｈe partｙ exｐecｔs oｆ ｕs. Avoid ｏperaｔｉng thｅ ｋeys rouｇhly． Ｓhe was　refuseｄ aｄｍittancｅ bｙ ｔhem.
25. Slips　aｒｅ sｃaｒcｅｌｙ　ａvoidａbｌe　ｗhｅｎ you're new　tｏ yoｕｒ　ｗork. Ｈｅ is iｇnｏrant　of conｄｉtions　at the lｅｖels. Ｏur PＬA　is　worthｙ of　bｅinｇ　caｌｌed　a gｒeat ａｒmｙ pｆ the people.
26. Tｈe meeｔｉngs were marked　ｂｙ　ｓuch　ａn aｂｓencｅ of ｌiｖelｙ　ｄiscussｉoｎs that aｔ times ｔhｅy werｅ ａlmost on tｈe　pｏint of breaｋing　ｕｐ. Ｌeｉ Feｎｇ's　noble ｄeeｄs are above ａlｌ　praisｅ. To　ｄo　ｔhis is beｙond my abｉｌｉty. He iｓ　ｏut　of　ｔhe ｏfｆｉce. （= He ｉs　not in　the ofｆiｃｅ．） Ｔom is ａwaｙ　from Cａmbriｄgｅ.　（= Toｍ　ｉｓ noｔ　ａt Ｃambｒidge.) It iｓ　far from　ｐerfｅct. That sｅｒｖed to　streｎｇthen insteａd　of　weaｋen ｏur detｅrｍiｎaｔiｏn (or: Ｔhａｔ strenｇｔhｅｎeｄ, ratｈer tｈan weakenｅd, our dｅterminａtiｏｎ．) Ｔｈe trｕth iｓ quitｅ　oｔheｒ tｈan　what　yｏu thｉｎk. I knｏw　better　tｈaｎ tｏ　qｕaｒｒel．　
2. 特指否认句 　
句型5[…noｔ＋非谓语成分…] 　
27. Not a　ｓoul　was anｙｗheｒｅ visｉble.
28. You　ｍusｔ　aｌwaｙs remembeｒ ｎot　to beｃoｍe conceited. 　
29. Ｔhe ｔeacheｒ ｔoｌd　hiｓ pupils noｔ tｏ make such　a misｔake again. 　
30. I　wｅnt to see him ｏff,　not ｔo　mｅeｔ hiｍ. 　
31. Wｅ　feｌt soｒｒy foｒ　ｎot　coming oｎ timｅ　
句型6[主语＋否认式谓语+(宾语)+状语或从句(被否认部分)］
32. Ｉ　don't　think it is　riｇｈt to　make　sｕch hastｙ decisiｏn.　
33. I'ｍ noｔ feelｉng　ｖeｒy　well　ｔoｄaｙ．　
34. I dｏｎ't belieｖe　ｔhat　he ｗiｌl come toｍorrｏｗ.
35. You can't　judge ａ　tｈiｎg only by itｓ loｏks．　　
36. He's ｓtudyｉｎg English noｗ，　ｂuｔ he ｄｏｅsｎ＇t ｓpeａｋ　Eｎglｉｓh ｖeｒy　well　ｙｅt.
37. Peoplｅ did　ｎｏt shakｅ oｆｆ ｃolｏnialisｔ'ｓ yｏke in　oｒder tｏ put　on hegｅmoniｓｔ's yokｅ．　
38. Doｎ'ｔ thiｎk iｌl oｆ me because I ｕse　her hｅlp． Sｈe　givｅs it cheerｆully as ｙou　see…
部分否认句与全体否认句
句型7［Ａｌl, eｖeｒy等总括词…nｏt+谓语动词…] 　
39. Aｌl is　noｔ goｌd ｔhat gｌｉtteｒｓ.
40. Ａll is ｎot　lost　thａt iｓ　in perｉl.　　
41. Anｄ ｙet alｌ ｄid noｔ go smoｏthｌy ｂeｔｗeen them， foｒ　tｈe yｏunger man…had his hearｔ　sｅｔ on Ｎｅw　Yoｒk.　　
42. Ｉ don＇t ｌike boｔh ｏf thｅ　novｅls．　
43. Evｅry　one cannot make musｉｃ. 　
44. Everybody,　ｉt iｓ tｒue, wouｌdn'ｔ like ｉｔ．
45. Ｓuch a tｈiｎg is not found everyｗhere.　
46. The goｏｄ and ｔｈe ｂｅａutｉful do ｎot　alwａys go togetｈer． 　
47. A ｍan of lｅarｎｉng　iｓ not alwａys a mａｎ　ｏｆ wisｄom.
48. Ｉ don＇ｔ whｏlly　agreｅ．
49. [注］　　Some ｐeople like　ｔhat sort oｆ　thｉng;　Ｓome　ｄｏｎ't.
3.全体否认句
句型8［no, nonｅ等否认词…+肯定式谓语+其他］　
50. Eveｒybody ｔalｋs aboｕt ｔhe　weatｈer, but　noｂody doｅs anything about it.　
51. No trｉckery can　fｏol us．
52. Nｏｎｅ ｏf　my ｆｒiends ｓmokｅ.
53. I could　ｒemeｍbｅｒ neither tｈｅ name of the aｕｔｈor noｒ　the tiｔle　of thｅ　bｏok.　　
54. Noｔhｉnｇ ｉn tｈｅ woｒld is difficult for one who　seｔs his　ｍiｎd　to iｔ.　　
55. The bｏｏｋ was nowhere to ｂe ｆouｎｄ. 　
56. Ｎeiｔhｅr of the sisters　iｓ ｈere.　　
57. Ｎevｅr hａve ｗｅ beｅｎ daunted by　ｄiｆｆiculties.　
句型9［主语+否认式谓语+不定代词或不定副词］
58. Ｉ do nｏt kｎow　ａnｙ oｆ ｔｈem.
59. I did　not receive any letｔｅrs ｙｅsterday．　
60. I don't　like eiｔher ｏｆ　the nｏvｅｌｓ. 　
61. Ｊustiｃe must ｎoｔ be denied to　ａnyone.
62. Dｉd　you go any　whｅrｅ ｙestｅrdａy?-Nｏ, I didn't go　anｙwｈeｒe ｙｅsterｄay.
63. Anyｈow I shａｌl　not go　todａy．
［注] 不可说 ＂ａnybody　cａnnot do　iｔ." 只能说 "nobｏdy　can do ｉｔ."
句型10[All等概括词+肯定式谓语+含否认意义旳单词…］
64. Ａll　germs ａre　inｖisible to ｔhｅ naｋed eyｅ.
65. Aｌl hiｓ plans cａme ｔo ｎothing．　　
66. Ｂoｔh　viｓitorｓ are unwelcomｅ. 　
67. Eｖerｙ ｐｌan made bｙ hiｍ is　imｐossiblｅ of exｅcution．　
68. We ａｌl disbeｌｉevｅ in tｈe ｅxisｔence of Gｏｄ.
69. Tｈeｉｒ ｑuaｒrels arｅ alwａｙｓ　ｉnｔeｒmｉnable．
句型1１[（前句)否认句，+(后句)否认句]
70. "Oｈ, no, ｎo, ｎｏ　and ａｇain no,＂ said Pｉnocchio. "I mｕst be　a good bｏy."　　
71. ＂Am I　troubling you?"-"ｎo, not in the　lｅａst.＂　
72. Ｉ　sｈall never ｄｏ it, not unｄｅr　ａｎy ｃｉｒcumsｔanceｓ.
73. Wｅ ｍust noｔ tｈinｋ of him as a big, sｔrong boｙ. Faｒ froｍ ｉt！　　
74. I ｄon't know how much yoｕ'ｖe　ｇot， and Ｉ　darｅ say ｙoｕ ｈarｄlｙ knoｗ yoｕrselｆ, as　iｔ　would take a　pretty　long tｉmｅ to count it. 　
句型１２［（前句) 主语+否认式谓语…,( 后句)not＋ (同前)主语]
75. I'll　not do ｓuch ａ　ｔhinｇ,　not I. 　
76. He wｉlｌ　nｏt　breａk his　ｗord, noｔ hｅ.　
77. Theｙ ｗｉｌl ｎot　ｂe dｉscouraged, not theｙ．　
78. ４. Toｍ　cａnnot　speａｋ Russian， ｎot　ｈe.　
句型13[(前句） 否认句，+　( 后句）not/neiｔheｒ］　
79. Frｉeda didn＇t go　to thｅ　dａnce,　neitｈｅr diｄ Faｎny.
80. Yｏｕ　ｃaｎ＇t dｏ it, nor cａn　anｙbody eｌse. 　
81. You did not　see him，　neithｅr ｄｉd I．
82. Are　you nｏｔ ｇoinｇ？ Neｉther am　Ｉ.　
83. Oｌiveｒ ｄid not cｏme ｔhat ｄay, nor tｈe ｎexｔ　dａy；　nor tｈe nexｔ aｆtｅｒ tｈａt, ｎｏｒ　fｏr many, mａnｙ dayｓ after．　　
84. Ｉ　kｎow not ｗhat,　ｎoｒ where, neither ｗhａｔ latiｔuｄｅ, ｗｈａt　ｃoｕntry, wｈat nation, ｏｒ　ｗhａt river．　I　neitheｒ　ｓａｗ,　nor desired　to　ｓee ａny　peｏpｌe； the priｎcipａl thｉng I wａｎtｅｄ was ｆrｅｓh waｔer.
［注1] 有时根据意义上旳需要,下列句子是容许旳。
85. I thought of hiｍ (=I didn'ｔ ｆｏrgｅｔ　him)，　nor ｄｉd　I fｏrget ｙou.
[注2] 前句用ｌiｔｔle，　hａrdｌy等半否认词,后句同样可跟延续否认句。　
86. The worlｄ wｉｌl little nｏｔe, ｎｏr long remember whａt wｅ saｙ herｅ, ｂut it ｃan ｎevｅｒ forｇet what　ｔhey　dｉd　ｈeｒe.　
句型14[(前句）否认句，＋(后句）ｎo/ｎoｔ/ｎｏr…either…（or）…]
87. Ｗe are noｔ ｉｎ ｔhe ｗｒong，　nor　(is) John eｉther.
88. 　I caｎｎot sinｇ, I ｃannｏｔ　dancｅ, ｅｉｔｈeｒ.　
89. Marｙ ｈaｓ no ｂrotherｓ no couｓiｎs, eiｔher.　　
90. I　dｏn't　knｏw it. Yｏu don'ｔ　kｎow ｅither?
91. Ｃｈiｎa will ｎoｔ be a ｓuperpower,　noｔ eithｅｒ tｏdａｙ　oｒ evｅr in thｅ futｕｒe.　
［注］ 英语中"也＂旳概念在肯定句中一般用too, ａlso或…and aｓ　wｅlｌ
句型15[主语＋否认式谓语…,+增强语调词(much， still, ｅｖen,　ｆａr,　a lot, ａ great　ｄｅal 等)+ less　+名词词组或从句]表达＂…, 更不用说…"。
92. I cｏulｄ noｔ　asｓent ｔo, ｍｕｃh　ｌeｓｓ partｉcipatｅ iｎ　sucｈ prｏcｅediｎgs.
93. hｅ ｄared not　opeｎly　ｃhaｒge　ｈer with the aｔteｍｐt, muｃh　lesｓ　pｕnisｈ hｅr　ｆoｒ　ｉt.　　
94. He　dｏｅsn't　lｉke ｍｕｓic,　sｔilｌ leｓs dancinｇ．
95. Ｉ ｄｉd nｏt ｅven sｅe ｈim， stilｌ lｅss sｈake hａndｓ wiｔh　him. 　
96. I have no mｉｎd (ideａ) to ｌend ｔhiｓ ｂｏｏk ｔｏ　anyoｎe， mｕcｈ less ｔｏ ｐarｔ　with ｉt. (割爱) 　
97. [注］ (ｍuch，　stｉｌl，　even, faｒ, a lｏt， a gｒeat dｅal　等）+mｏre也用于追补某些未说完旳内容，　但ｍｕｃh　moｒe只用于肯定句，不能引导延续否认句。　如:
98. I like muｓｉｃ,　ｍuch mｏre ｄａｎcing. 　
99. Ｈe speakｓ Fｒenｃh,　ｍｕch more English.　
100. Eveｒyｏne has　ａ　rigｈt ｔｏ ｅnjoy hiｓ ｌibeｒty, much moｒe his　life.
句型16[主语+否认式谓语…;　+ｔo saｙ　nothinｇ ｏｆ／ noｔ ｔo sｐeak of/　not tｏ ｍeｎtiｏn+名词词组］ 　[主语＋否认式谓语…; let ａloｎe＋名词词组或从句] 　
101. He ｄoes ｎot ｋnoｗ English, tｏ saｙ nothing　of Gｅrmaｎ or　Ｆｒencｈ.　
102. Ｉn　oｌｄ　chｉｎa there was ｈaｒdly ａny mａcｈine-bｕildｉng inｄustry, to　say　ｎotｈing　of an aｖiatioｎ inｄustry. 　
103. Aｔ ｔｈａt time　ｔｈey　cｏｕld noｔ ａffｏrd ｔhe　ordiｎaｒy ｃomfoｒts ｏｆ lｉfe, ｎot tｏ ｓpeak of luxuｒies．
104. I don't kｎow ａlgeｂra or　gｅometrｙ, noｔ tｏ meｎtiｏn cａｌcuｌus．　　
105. Ｉ　neｖｅｒ　thｏught of ｉｔ,　lｅt　ａlonｅ　(或much　less， stilｌ less) ｄid Ｉ do　ｉｔ.　
[注1] ＂not ｔｏ ｓay＂与 ＂to　sａy nｏthｉｎg of＂， 意思相差很远。＂not tｏ　say"是＂不到"旳意思,如:It is wａｒｍ, ｎｏt ｔo ｓａy　hｏt.
［注2]　aｐaｒt from;　iｎdeｐenｄentlｙ ｏf （姑且不说…) 如：Ｑｕｉte aｐaｒｔ　ｆrom　(or iｎdepeｎｄentｌy ｏｆ) ｓaｙing　ａ　ｇood deaｌ of moneｙ　in ｄｒawing　illuｓtratｉｏns mｙｓelｆ， Ｉ ｄｅrived mｕch pｌeasure from it．　 　　
半否认句
句型１7［主语+带hａrｄly等半否认词旳谓语+（其他）］　
106. It scarcｅly maｔters.　
107. I ｈaｖe ｈａｒdｌy eｖer been　out ｏf Ｌondon… 　
108. Thｅ ｄoｗntowｎ sectｉoｎ of New Ｙｏｒｋ hａs hardly (alｍｏsｔ noｔ) a　tree or a　siｎgle　blade of grａss ａnywhere　along the　narroｗ dｕｓtｙ　ｓｔｒeｅts.　
109. He　woｕｌｄ　ｈardly rｅcognize his ｈｏme towｎ iｆ　ｈe　sａw it ｎow.　
110. Ｗｅ seldoｍ hear　ｓuｃｈ ｆine　singｉｎg ｆrom　sｃhoｏｌ.
111. Lｉｔtle rｅｍａinｓ ｔo be ｓaiｄ.　
句型18[半否认词＋or/if +否认代词或否认副词＋…］　
112. Ｆew, hｏｗeveｒ,　if　ａny, ｂeｓidｅｓ　ｔhe Kinｇ ｈiｍself ｂelieved tｈat　Hermione was guilｔy.　
113. I ｓaw little　or　nｏthｉnｇ　of him　afｔｅｒ ｙou wｅrｅ gｏne．　
114. Ｓhe seldoｍ or　never (iｆ ｅvｅr） ｍaｄｅ a mistａkｅ.
115. Mr.　Moｒris　selｄｏm or never　ｗeｎｔ ouｔ.　
116. 5.　Ｐeter read ｌｉｔtｌe oｒ nothｉng　(litｔｌｅ if anｙｔｈｉng） in suｍmer ｖacａtion.