高中英语：定语从句易错点专练.docx

混易错点易错点1：关系代词和关系副词易混易错点。【分析】关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的形式要与先行词保持一致。关系副词代替表示时间、地点、原因的先行词，并在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语。【例1】 （2024届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷）There is a saying among the archaeological circles in China _ goes, “A page from a book of the Song Dynasty is worth a tael of gold”.易错分析：句子结构分析不当引起句意不清，误判先行词为表示地点的China。牢记关系代词才可在从句中作主语。【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国考古界有一句俗语，“一页宋版，一两黄金”，指的是这些古籍的重要性和很高的价值。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词saying，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。【变式1】 （湖南省邵东市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Wherever you go in Xinjiang, whether the north or south of the Tianshan Mountains, youll notice small stands some crispy and delicious nang is sold.易错分析：对stand的熟词生义不熟悉，且句子结构分析不当，影响句意及定语从句中句子成分的判断。【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：无论你走到新疆的哪个地方，无论是天山的北部还是南部，你都会注意到卖酥脆可口馕的小摊。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stands，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些小摊上”，应使用关系副词where。故填where。【变式2】 （2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）The 19th China International Cultural Industries Fair kicked off in Shenzhen in South Chinas Guangdong province on June 7, 2023, is expected to promote the development of the countrys cultural industry.易错分析：对主句句意理解不够，从句未判断出缺少主语，易错用when。【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：2023年6月7日，第19届中国国际文化产业博览会在中国南方广东省的深圳市开幕，预计将促进中国文化产业的发展。此处是非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，指代整个句子内容。【变式3】（2023-2024学年河北省省级联测高三试题）In particular, the Ling Si Hall, the rituals(典礼)are held, is a treasure of ancient architecture.易错分析：分析句子结构出错，主句谓语动词is容易被忽略。容易惯性思维，以为有逗号就用which，定语从句中缺少状语，应用关系副词。【答案】 where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：特别是举行仪式的灵思堂，是古代建筑的瑰宝。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Ling Si Hall，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。点易错点2：that与which易混易错点。【分析】 只用that不用which的情况：1. 当先行词是all, much, little, few, everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。2. 当先行词被the only, the last, the very等修饰时。3. 当先行词时形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4. 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。5. 当先行词中即有人有有物时。6. 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which开头时。 7. 当先行词是主句的表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。:只用which不用that的情况：当关系代词前有介词时。在非限制性定语从句中。先行词本身是that, those或双重定语从句中其中一个已用关系代词that时。先行词后有插入语时。【例2】 （广东省广州市2023-2024学年高三训练试卷）The story centers around the deep friendship between poet Gao Shi and the romantic poet Li Bai offering a brief look into the glorious history of the Tang era, is known for its economic prosperity and cultural advancement.易错分析：分析长句时容易忽略定语从句的类型，有逗号的为非限制性定语从句，不可用that。【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：故事围绕诗人高石和浪漫主义诗人李白之间的深厚友谊展开，简要介绍了以经济繁荣和文化进步而闻名的唐朝的辉煌历史。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Tang era，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【变式1】（浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三适应性试题） It can be easy to let a particular school become a front-runner early on in your decision-making process, and it may even become the winning choice but be sure to carefully evaluate every school_has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.易错分析：句子成分划分不清，直接影响句意理解和细节判断点，即先行词前被不定代词修饰时，用which不用that。【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在你做决定的过程中，让一个特定的学校在早期就成为一个领先者是很容易的，它甚至可能成为获胜的选择，但一定要仔细评估每一个已经录取了你的学校，因为你申请每个学校都有特殊的原因。这里是定语从句，先行词是every school，指物，从句中缺少主语，且先行词被不定代词所修饰，只能用that不用which。故填that。【变式2】（河北省保定市重点高中2023-2024学年高三试题）The Prints-A Riot of Colors, an exhibition featuring some 130 prints created by generations of Chinese artists, the oldest one of_ dates back to the 1930s, opened on Monday at the Guardian Art Center in Beijing.易错分析：介词后面的关系代词指物时用which不用that。【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：周一在北京嘉德艺术中心开幕的“版画五彩缤纷”展览展出了由几代中国艺术家创作的约130幅版画，其中最古老的一幅可以追溯到20世纪30年代。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词的宾语，先行词是prints，应用which。故填which。【变式3】（广东省新高考高中联合质量测评省级联考试题）Each womans story was vastly different, gave me the confidence to give my walk a try,” Maxwell told the BBC【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：每个女人的故事都大不相同，这给了我信心去尝试走路。前面的整个句子作先行词，后面的非限制性定语从句由关系代词which引导，且在句中作主语。故填which。易错点3：介词+关系词易混易错点。【分析】介词的选择需要根据动词、形容词、介词短语的搭配或者句中所表达的逻辑意思而决定。2. 先行词指人时，关系代词用whom; 先行词指物时，关系代词用which；且不可省略。【例3】（湖南省部分校2023-2024学年高三试题）Why do young Chinese people prefer naked marriage nowadays? There may be lots of reasons, two of overweigh the others.易错分析：本题句子结构划分错误，易填them，设空出引导从句，而非简单句。【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句中。句意：可能有很多原因，其中两个比其他的更重要。先行词lots of reasons在非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，指事，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。【变式1】（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）The center was launched in June on Zhenxing Road to help relieve the pressure on many of those running its 435 street stalls, many of_ are migrant workers from around the country without local relatives to help take care of their children.【答案】whom【解析】考查连词。句意：该中心于6月在振兴路上启动，以帮助减轻435个街头摊位经营者的压力，其中许多人是来自全国各地的外来务工人员，没有当地亲戚帮助照顾他们的孩子。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接代词，指代先行词“many”，指人，且在从句中充当介词“of”的宾语。故填whom。【变式2】（湖南省三湘创新发展联合体2023-2024学年高三试题）The Art of War is divided into 13 chapters, in _ Sun stresses the importance of positioning in military strategy and flexibility in responding to ever-changing situations on the battlefield.易错分析：定语从句中充当介词宾语且指物时，用which，本题易错用that。【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：孙子兵法共分13章，在这些章节中，孙强调了军事战略中的定位和灵活应对战场上不断变化的情况的重要性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词13 chapters指物，在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，需用which引导。故填which。【变式3】（江苏省常州市八校2023年高三10月联合调研）Beside scientific missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during _ they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：除了科学任务，宇航员还在空间站上进行了两次现场科学讲座，期间他们进行了各种实验，并回答了在地球上观看课堂的学生的问题。根据句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词lectures，从句中作介词during的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。易错点4：whose易混易错点。【分析】whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语，修饰名词。whose+n.=the +n.+of which/whom【例4】（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）An unconventional “teen romance”, it follows Suzume, a 16-year-old mother was killed in an earthquake some years ago.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这部非传统的“青少年罗曼史”讲述了16岁的苏梅的故事，她的母亲几年前在一场地震中丧生。限制性定语从句修饰先行词Suzume, a 16-year-old，先行词与从句主语mother之间是所属关系，关系词替代先行词在从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose。故填whose。【变式1】（湖南省益阳市南县第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）The reasons why Chinese is enjoying great popularity are as follows. First, China is already a global economic power, _influence is growing.易错分析：对句子结构分析错误，从句逻辑意思判断不当，易误填which，实则从句缺少定语。【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：首先，中国已经是一个全球经济大国，其影响力正在增长。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词China在从句中作定语，修饰后面的名词influence，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。【变式2】（湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, _members were all tall and mighty like giants.易错分析：先行词容易判断失误，误以为是表地点的home，错把从句中members看作独立主语。【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这座山是夸父部落的家园，他们的成员都像巨人一样高大威武。分析句子结构可知非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Kua Fu tribe，在从句中作定语，应用whose。故填whose。【变式3】（广东省六校2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）Like many undergraduate biology students, Wang Fang was taught that pandas are a prime example of an umbrella speciesa well-known and usually endangered animal protection benefits an entire ecosystem.易错分析：长句的结构划分失误造成对整体逻辑意思的误判，从句中的主语缺少定语。【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：和许多生物学专业的本科生一样，王芳被告知大熊猫是伞类物种的典型代表一种众所周知的濒危动物，保护它们有利于整个生态系统。定语从句修饰先行词animal，空格处在从句中作主语的定语，故用whose引导从句。故填whose。专练1.（2023年广东省佛山市顺德区均安中学高三拉练试题）Bamboo shoots, a root vegetable with few calories but lots of fiber, are widely harvested and eaten in Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces_ the climate is ideal for bamboo growth.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：竹笋是一种根部蔬菜，热量低，但纤维含量高，在气候适合竹子生长的浙江和四川，竹笋被广泛采收和食用。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。2.（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三试题）Pan, a silversmith (银匠) in Maliao village in Guizhou Province, used to dream of people living an abundant life in his village, nobody has to work far away from home and customers go for beautiful silver jewellery.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：潘是贵州省马寮村的银匠，他曾经梦想着在他的村子里人们过着富足的生活，没有人需要离家很远的地方工作，顾客们都去买漂亮的银饰。现在他的梦想实现了。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词village，关系词将其代入定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在村子里”，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。3.（湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高三试题）In New York and Paris, its not hard to spot fancy local shops selling White Rabbit merchandise to dedicated fans of foreign consumers too have hopped on the bandwagon.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在纽约和巴黎，不难发现当地的高档商店向外国消费者的忠实粉丝出售大白兔的商品，这些外国消费者也加入了这一潮流。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“fans of foreign consumer”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。4.（湖南省岳阳市湘阴校联考2023-2024学年试题）The route was firstly created by an envoy called Zhang Qian assigned by the king of Han Dynasty to deliver gifts was mainly silk for those local loads in west China area to hold their loyalty.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这条路线最初是由汉朝国王派来的使者张骞开辟的，他给西域的土人送礼物，主要是丝绸，以保持他们的忠诚。定语从句修饰先行词gifts，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。5.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）There are many features the app offers, and my favorite is the birdsong listening feature, you can turn on your phones microphone and hear recorded diverse birdsongs.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这款应用提供了许多功能，我最喜欢的是鸟鸣收听功能，你可以打开手机的麦克风，听到各种鸟鸣的录音。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the birdsong listening feature，在从句中作地点状语，故用where。故填where。6.（湖南省邵东市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）The reason this traditional flatbread happens to be popular among the ethnic groups here lies in its being easy to bake, store and transport.【答案】why【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种传统的大饼之所以能在这里流行，是因为它易于烘烤、储存和运输。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，应使用关系副词why。故填why。7.（湖南省邵阳市邵东创新实验学校2024届高三试题）The remarkable development of this city, is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这个城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西要发现，我可以在接下来的50年里拍摄北京。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是this city，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。8.（湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2023-2024年高三试题）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.【答案】that/who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。9.（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Congratulations to Huawei and all the engineers_have been working hard in semi-conductor areas!【答案】 who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：祝贺华为和所有在半导体领域辛勤工作的工程师们！限制性定语从句修饰先行词engineers，在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。10.（2024届浙江省绍兴市高三模拟预测英语试题)This means the settlement of some of the “pain points” _ have long troubled the river now has a legal basis.【答案】 that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这意味着解决长期困扰黄河的一些“痛点”现在有了法律依据。句子分析可知，“_ have long troubled the river”为限制性定语从句，设空处在从句中作主语，指代先行词“pain points”，指物，此定语从句用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。11.（广东省江门市新会一中2023-2024学年高三试题）The simple truth is that singing makes you happy. It releases endorphins(内啡肽), a chemical reduces pain.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它会释放内啡肽，这是一种减少疼痛的化学物质，让你感觉更快乐，并减少压力。分析句子可知，空处及其后的内容为定语从句，先行词为“a chemical”，在从句中作主语，所以空处用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。12.（2024届广东省四校高三第一次联考试题） It has become a cultural landmark of the Yellow River Basin_ visitors can view the river passing through the city and watch exhibitions showing its long history and diverse cultures.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它已经成为黄河流域的一个文化地标，游客可以在这里看到河流穿过城市，观看展示其悠久历史和多元文化的展览。定语从句修饰先行词landmark，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。13.（广东省河源市2023-2024学年高三开学联考）May 22 marks the annual International Day for Biological Diversity, theme for this year is “From Agreement to Action: Build Back Biodiversity”.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：5月22日是一年一度的国际生物多样性日，今年的主题是“从协议到协力：复原生物多样性”。句中先行词为the annual International Day for Biological Diversity，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词theme，表示所属关系，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。14.（广东省2023-2024学年6校高三联考） The local medicine expert meeting was organized here on April 28 in most years of the Qing Dynasty, during all kinds of talented people performed, and the vocal music lasted for more than ten days, said Wang Jianping, an expert in literature and history of the county.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：据该县文史专家王建平说，根据碑文，在寺庙建成后，清代大多数年的四月二十八日都在这里组织了当地的医学专家会议，在此期间，各种人才表演，声乐持续了十多天。此处为“介词+which”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the local medicine expert meeting，指物。故填which。15.（广东省湛江市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）The 150-metre-tall bridge crosses a deep, narrow valley, _ aim is to bring in thrill-seeking tourists.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这座150米高的桥横跨一个又深又窄的山谷，其目的是吸引寻求刺激的游客。此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，修饰主语aim，应用关系代词whose，引导表示所属关系的定语从句，故填whose。