北京一零一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期9月月考英语试卷.docx

北京101中学2023届上学期高三年级9月月考英语试卷

考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Karie double-checked the words on her spelling test. If she got 100 percent today, she'd win her class's First-Quarter Spelling Challenge.
Three more words to go. N-i-c-e-l-y, Q-u-i-c-k-l-y, H-o-n-e-s-t-y. Wait! She'd spelled honesty, not honestly! She erased the t-y and wrote l-y before handing in her paper.
After a break, Karie hurried into the classroom. She fidgeted (坐立不安) in her seat. Ms. McCormack walked to the front and cleared her throat. "Congratulations. Karie! You did it!" The whole class 1 .
Ms. McCormack presented Karie with her prize—a 2 . Karie grinned as she read the 3 on the box: to Katie for her perfect first-quarter score in spelling.
Karie 4 the front door after school. She scooped up (抱起) her cat. "Can you spell nicely, Casper? And quickly and honestly, and..." Karie's stomach tumbled to the floor. Honestly? H-O-N-E-S-L-Y! It suddenly struck her that she had 5 the word. Karie went to her room and 6 on how she could tell the class she hadn't earned the prize after all. She couldn't sleep but kept tossing and turning in bed all night.
Ms. McCormack was unlocking the classroom door when Karie got to school the next morning. "You are a(n) 7 bird." Ms. McCormack said. Katie's hands trembled. She gave her teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary. "I can't keep this. I misspelled honestly and you didn't 8 it. " "Come and sit down, Karie." For a moment, Ms. McCormack stood quietly reading the words on the dictionary. Then she picked up her pen. She crossed out the word "perfect" and wrote "honest" before handing the dictionary back to Katie. Katie's jaw dropped. "I get to keep this. 9 ?" "For honestly, no." Ms. McCormack smiled. "But for 10 , yes."
（ ）1. A. interrupted B. erupted C. hesitated D. followed
（ ）2. A. book B. pen C. dictionary D. certificate
（ ）3. A. titles B. poems C. words D. letters
（ ）4. A. pushed over B. pulled down C. broke into D. burst through
（ ）5. A. misunderstood B. misspelled C. misinterpreted D. misjudged
（ ）6. A. reflected B. insisted C. decided D. acted
（ ）7. A. early B. lovely C. talented D. timely
（ ）8. A. check B. correct C. doubt D. catch
（ ）9. A. Eventually B. Honestly C. Immediately D. Luckily
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（ ）10. A. fairness B. respect C. honesty D. trust

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
A black hole is a spot in space that has 11 (power) gravity. Its gravity is so strong that it pulls everything nearby into it, stars, planets and other things. Black holes form when a star dies. When that happens, a huge amount of matter crowds into a very small space, which 12 (become) very dense. Black holes 13 (talk) about in 1783 first. That year, one scientist said that in the universe, there might be places with strong gravity to trap light, although he didn't use the term "black hole".
B
Emma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream. Looking around, she saw a little boy on the sidewalk gasping (急喘) for air, his 14 (frighten) mother begging for help. Emma rushed to the boy, whose face 15 (turn) purple. "What's wrong? "A candy! In his throat!" It was lucky that Emma had learned how 16 (perform) the Heimlich maneuver (海姆利克急救法) at school. She acted quickly. Soon, the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again. He was saved in time.
C
Imagine you're standing close 17 a river. The sun is shining and everything is very quiet. There is a boat 18 (wait) for you. You get in and it takes you down a river slowly and gently. And after some time you realize that you 19 (be) in the place before. You're back at a time in your childhood, 20 you were very happy. You row to the bank of the river and get out. Walk around and you will meet all those people you spent that happy time with and you can do all those things again that you enjoyed.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
THE OLYMPIC STUDIES CENTRE
YOUR SOURCE OF REFERENCE FOR OLYMPIC KNOW'LEDGE
The IOC Olympic Studies Centre is the world source of reference for Olympic knowledge. Our mission is to share this knowledge with professionals and researchers through providing information, giving access to our unique collections, enabling research and stimulating intellectual exchange.
As part of the IOC, we are uniquely placed to collect and share the most up-to-date and accurate information on Olympism. Our collections include the IOC archives (档案), the official
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publications of the IOC and the Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games as well as books, articles and journals.
HERE TO HELP
Whatever your interest in the Olympic Movement-academic or professional-we will help you find the information you need, quickly and easily. We're here to:
◆ Answer your questions: share factual and historical information, Games results and statistics
◆ Give personalized guidance: help you find what you need in our extensive library and archives
◆ Lend you books and publications, even internationally
◆ Give you online access: to our electronic documents
◆ Award research grants: to PhD students and established researchers
◆ Connect you to our network: of academic experts in Olympic studies
Join the academic community interested in Olympic studies
One of our key roles is to facilitate communication and cooperation between the IOC and the international academic community in order to promote research and stimulate intellectual exchange.
This worldwide community is mainly composed of over 40 Olympic Studies Centers and hundreds of individual scholars and university students working on academic projects related to the field of Olympic studies.
Thanks to this regular exchange and the work conducted by the academics, we enrich the world's Olympic knowledge, share new analysis on key topics related to the Olympic Movement and can provide guidance to universities wishing to launch initiatives on Olympic studies.
Join our academic mailing list
University professors and researchers are invited to join our academic mailing list to be informed about our future activities and other updates concerning Olympic studies initiatives. To join, email us with a brief description of your academic status and your full contact details.
VISIT US
You'll find us next door to the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, Switzerland. We're open Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm, except on public holidays and on Christmas. You don't need an appointment to use the library and the study rooms. If you would like to see the historical archives or need personal guidance to find your way around our collections, please fill out our visitor request form.
（ ）21. The Olympic Studies Center mainly aims to __________.
A. give personalized guidance
B. provide resources on the Olympics
C. receive Olympic fans across the world
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D. update information on Olympism for officials
（ ）22. What can be learned about the academic community?
A. It is organized by Olympic officials.
B. It launches projects at universities.
C. It promotes academic exchanges
D. It provides electronic documents.
（ ）23. If you want to visit the center, you have to __________.
A. fill out a visitor request form
B. enter the Olympic Museum
C. make an appointment
D. arrive on workdays
B
Dear child,
Take a seat. Daddy has something to share with you. I would like us to have a heart-to-heart-even though, over the years, you have slowly broken mine. Oh shut up; you so have! If you go out and ask any mother or father out there, I guarantee they'll say the same thing: All children break their parents' hearts. It's just what children do. In fact, it's what Daddy's own mother continues to remind him still, to this very day, every time they speak on the phone.
In your baby years, you vomited(呕吐), pooped and peed all over me. In your teen years, you came home from parties and vomited red wine all over my already-dirty carpets. There was a time you experimented with drugs and all those things I hate. Where does the heartbreak end?
Still, I want you to know you are loved, because various parenting magazines insist that's my responsibility: to make you feel special and valued and so on. And of course Daddy loves you! Don't you see? And Daddy values you. Very much so. How could he not value you, when you, as a test-tube baby, cost so much to come into this world?
Now you're old enough to hear the truth about parenting. And it's this: all kids annoy their parents. Like you, I started off adorable. Then I went through my weird-body-shape-and-acne years, lost all my cuteness, developed an attitude and never once did I apologize to my parents for stealing the best years of their lives.
When you become a parent yourself, here are some parenting skills you might want to try that have been passed down from countless generations of angry Asians before me. Passive aggression is always welcome. Regular scream "I WISH YOU HAD NEVER BEEN BORN" will help keep your own kid's self-respect in check. But whatever happens, ensure you earn enough money in your adult life. Then give it to me, so I can go on expensive international tours. If you do this I promise I'll stop complaining and leave you alone, because we both know that's what we really want. Love you lots, Cutie-Pie.
Daddy
（ ）24. The letter discusses all the topics EXCEPT __________.
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A. babyhood B. teenage problems
C. parenting D. death
（ ）25. According to the letter, the author __________.
A. used to take drugs
B. regrets getting married
C. broke his parents' heart
D. was born as a test-tube baby
（ ）26. Why does the author write the letter?
A. To ask his child to earn more money.
B. To encourage his child to be independent.
C. To communicate to his child love and hope.
D. To stop his child from being a troublemaker.
C
Elizabeth Spelke, a cognitive (认知的) psychologist at Harvard, has spent her career testing the world's most complex learning system-the mind of a baby. Babies might seem like no match for artificial intelligence (AI). They are terrible at labeling images, hopeless at mining text, and awful at video games. Then again, babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI. By just a few months old, they've begun to grasp the foundations of language, such as grammar. They've started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.
Yet even experts like Spelke don't understand precisely how babies-or adults, for that matter-learn. That gap points to a puzzle at the heart of modern artificial intelligence: We're not sure what to aim for.
Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI, Alpha Zero, a programme that plays board games with superhuman skill. After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. It certainly seems like a machine eclipsing human cognitive abilities. But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person during practice to learn a game. Most importantly, it cannot take what it has learned from the game and apply it to another area.
To some AI experts, that calls for a new approach. In a November research paper, Francois Chollet, a well-known AI engineer, argued that it's misguided to measure machine intelligence just according to its skills at specific tasks. "Humans don't start out with skills; they start out with a broad ability to acquire new skills," he says. "What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty." Chollet posed a set of problems, each of which requires an AI programme to arrange colored squares on a grid (格栅) based on just a few prior examples. It's not hard for a person. But modern machine- learning programmes-trained on huge amounts of data-cannot learn from so few examples.
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Josh Tenenbaum, a professor in MIT's Center for Brains, Minds & Machines, works closely with Spelke and uses insights from cognitive science as inspiration for his programmes. He says much of modern AI misses the bigger picture, comparing it to a cartoon about a two-dimensional world populated by simple geometrical(几何形的) people. AI programmes will need to learn in new ways-for example, by drawing causal inferences rather than simply finding patterns. "At some point-you know, if you're intelligent-you realize maybe there's something else out there," he says.
（ ）27. Compared to an advanced AI programme, a baby might be better at __________.
A. labeling images B. identifying locations
C. playing games D. making adjustments
（ ）28. What does the underlined word "eclipsing" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Stimulating. B. Measuring.
C. Beating. D. Limiting.
（ ）29. Both Francois Chollet and Josh Tenenbaum may agree that ___________.
A. AI is good at finding similar patterns
B. AI should gain abilities with less training
C. AI lacks the ability of generalizing a skill
D. AI will match humans in cognitive ability
（ ）30. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. What is exactly intelligence?
B. Why is modern AI advanced?
C. Where is human intelligence going?
D. How do humans tackle the challenge of AI?
D
In college, I was taught an elegant theory of chemical combination based on excess electrons going into holes in the orbital shell of a neighbouring atom. But what about diatomic compounds like oxygen gas? Don't ask; students aren't ready to know. In physics, in biology, in any other science classes, students frequently get that answer too. It's time to trust students to handle doubt and diversity in science. Actually, students are starting to act. They have shamed their seniors into including more diverse contributors as faculty members and role models. Young scholars rudely ask their superiors why they fail to address the extinction crises clarified by their research. The inherited authoritarian political structures of science education are becoming lame-but still remain largely unchanged from the old school days.

A narrow, rigid education does not prepare anyone for the complexities of scientific research, applications and policy. If we discourage students from inquiring into the real nature of scientific truths, or exploring how society shapes the questions that researchers ask, how can we prepare them to